What are the 29 World Heritage Sites in China?
Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site is located in Longgushan, Zhoukoudian, Fangshan District, Beijing. It is famous for its relatively complete Peking man fossils unearthed in the 1920s, especially the first Peking man skull discovered in 1929, which provided a solid foundation for Peking man's existence and became a milestone in the history of ancient human research.
2. Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province
Commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Cave. Located on the cliff at the eastern foot of Mingsha Mountain, 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province, it has five floors up and down and is about 1600 meters long from north to south. It was first excavated in 366, and after more than ten dynasties from sixteen countries to Yuan Dynasty, it formed a large-scale and rich cave group.
3. Mount Tai, Shandong Province
Mount Tai, called Daishan in ancient times, is also called Daizong. The natural landscape is magnificent, with thousands of years of infiltration and rendering of spiritual culture and comparison of human landscape, and it is known as the master of Chinese spiritual culture. 1987, which was declared as a world natural and cultural heritage by UNESCO.
4. The Great Wall
The Great Wall in China is the greatest construction project in the history of human civilization. It was built more than 2000 years ago during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, it became the Great Wall of Wan Li. It was built on a large scale in the Han and Ming Dynasties. The vastness of its project and the grandeur of its momentum can be called a miracle of the world. As time went by, things changed. Now, when you climb the ruins of the former Great Wall, you can not only witness the majestic posture of the Great Wall among the mountains, but also appreciate the great wisdom and courage of the Chinese nation in creating history.
5. Shaanxi Qin Shihuang Mausoleum and Terracotta Warriors and Horses
It is located 5 kilometers east of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, and 36 kilometers away from Xi. It is the mausoleum of Ying Zheng, Emperor of the First Qin Dynasty. The mausoleum is divided into two parts: the tomb area and the burial area. Covering an area of nearly 8 square kilometers, the cemetery has the dual functions of an outer city and an inner city building. It is a quadrangular conical wall with a slightly flat top and a height of 55 meters. It is not only the first imperial tomb in the history of China, but also the largest one.
6. The Forbidden City in Beijing
The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is located in the center of Beijing. It is the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where 24 emperors successively ascended the throne. Founded in 1406, it has been nearly 600 years. The Forbidden City is the largest and most well-preserved ancient wooden structure complex in the world, covering an area of 720,000 square meters and a construction area of about 6,543.8+0.5 million square meters. It has more than 9,000 halls, among which the Hall of Supreme Harmony (also known as the Hall of Golden Throwing) is the place where the emperor holds ceremonies such as enthronement, birthday celebration and invasion.
7. Huangshan, Anhui
Huangshan Mountain is one of the most famous scenic spots in China. The mountains are majestic, the rocks are exquisite and varied. The elevation of Lotus Peak, the main peak, is1860m. The beauty of Huangshan lies in the "four wonders" of strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds and hot springs. Since ancient times, people who have visited famous mountains think that Huangshan Mountain is as beautiful as the Five Mountains. "Wuyue returns without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returns without looking at the mountains." "It's amazing to let him come back from the Five Mountains."
8. Sichuan Huanglong National Scenic Area
Huanglong Scenic Area is located in Songpan County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It covers an area of 700 square kilometers. The main landscape is concentrated in Huanglonggou, which is about 3.6 kilometers long. The ditch is covered with calcium carbonate deposits, which are arranged in a ladder-like manner, like a golden dragon, accompanied by snow-capped mountains, waterfalls, virgin forests, canyons and other landscapes. Huanglong Scenic Area is famous for its unique karst landform and rich animal and plant resources.
9. Wulingyuan National Scenic Area in Hunan Province
Wulingyuan Scenic Area is located in Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province. With a total area of 264 square kilometers, it consists of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Suoxiyu and Tianzi. The main landscape is seasonal sandstone peak forest landform, with a total of 365,438+003 peaks in the territory, which are spectacular in various forms. In addition, ravines are criss-crossed, streams are densely covered, forests are dense and inaccessible, and the forest coverage rate reaches 85% and vegetation coverage rate reaches 99%. There are more than 3000 kinds of middle and higher plants, more than 700 kinds of trees and more than 450 kinds of ornamental garden flowers. 50 families 1 16 species of terrestrial vertebrates. The underground caves in this area are in the shape of pearls and jade, and the initial length of the developed Huanglong Cave is 1 1 km. Wulingyuan is famous for its "five wonders" of peaks, rocks, valleys, water and caves.
Jiuzhaigou National Scenic Spot in Sichuan 10
Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve is located in Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province. It is the first nature reserve in China with the main purpose of protecting natural scenery. It is also a famous scenic spot in China and a demonstration site of national civilized scenic spots. It has been listed in the World Natural Heritage List and the "Man and Biosphere" protection network.
Wudang Mountain Ancient Buildings in Hubei Province 1 1
Wudang Mountain, with majestic peaks and beautiful scenery, stands in Shiyan City, a mountain city in the west of China, with east longitude 1 100 and north latitude 320. The scenic spot "stretches for 800 miles".
Confucius Temple and Confucius Forest in Qufu, Shandong Province 12
Qufu Confucius Temple, Confucius House and Confucius Forest are located in Qufu, Shandong Province. They are symbols of China's memory of Confucius and admiration for Confucianism. They are famous for their rich cultural accumulation, long history, magnificent scale, rich cultural relics collection and scientific and artistic value.
13, chengde mountain resort and its surrounding temples.
The summer resort, also known as Chengde Palace or Rehe Palace, is located in the north of Chengde city center in Hebei Province, where the Qing emperor used to escape the summer and handle government affairs. The summer resort is located in the narrow valley on the west bank of Wulie River in the north of Chengde city, 230 kilometers away from Beijing. It was founded in 1703, and it took about 90 years to complete after three emperors, Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. Compared with the Forbidden City, the Summer Resort is the largest existing ancient palace in China. It has a quaint and elegant style of mountain village, takes the true colors of natural landscape and absorbs the scenery in the north of the Yangtze River.
Potala Palace in Tibet 14
On the Maburi Mountain in the northwest of Lhasa, it is a famous palace-style building complex, which is the essence of ancient Tibetan architectural art. It was built in the 7th century A.D. by King Songzan Gambo of Tibet for Princess Wencheng of the Tang Dynasty who was married to Tibet. Now it covers an area of 465,438+0 hectares. The main palace building has 65,438+03 floors and the height is 65,438+065,438+05 meters, all made of stone and wood. The roofs of the five palaces are covered with gold-plated copper tiles, resplendent and magnificent.
15 Sichuan Emei Mountain-Leshan Scenic Area
Emei Mountain, located in Emei Mountain, Sichuan Province, China, has a scenic area of 154 square kilometers, and the highest peak, Wanfo Peak, is 3099 meters above sea level. It is a famous tourist attraction and a famous Buddhist mountain. It is a national mountain scenic spot in China, which combines natural scenery and Buddhist culture.
16, Jiangxi Lushan Scenic Area
Lushan Mountain is located on the south bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the largest river in China, and Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. It is a horst-type fault-block mountain. Mountains and rivers, great rivers and great lakes are integrated into one, combining preciseness and femininity, and are known in the world as "heroic, strange, dangerous and beautiful". The unique Lushan culture has important scientific and aesthetic values. Lushan Mountain Scenic Area covers an area of 302 square kilometers, and the peripheral protection zone is 500 square kilometers. Lushan Mountain has unique Quaternary glacial remains, including rivers, lakes, slopes and peaks, and is called a geological park.
17 Jiangsu classical gardens
Suzhou is a famous historical and cultural city and a national key scenic tourist city with rich resources and outstanding people. Suzhou has been called "the city of gardens" since ancient times, and its reputation is well-known at home and abroad. Suzhou classical gardens have a history of more than 2,000 years, which has its unique historical position and value in the world gardening history. Suzhou classical gardens, with superb artistic techniques of freehand brushwork of mountains and rivers, contain strong traditional ideological and cultural connotations, and show a model of gardening art of oriental civilization. It is really an artistic treasure of the Chinese nation.
Pingyao Ancient City, Shanxi Province 18
Pingyao ancient city, located in the middle of Shanxi Province, is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,700 years. This ancient city was built during the Zhou Xuanwang period from 827 BC to 782 BC, and was the residence of Yin Jifu, the general of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Pingyao city has been the seat of county administration since the Qin government implemented the "county system" in 22 1 BC and continues to this day. Pingyao ancient city experienced great changes and became the most complete prototype of an ancient county town in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. So far, the walls, streets, houses, shops, temples and other buildings in the ancient city are still basically intact, and the original form and pattern remain basically unchanged. They are all organic parts of the existing historical sites of Pingyao ancient city.
Old Town of Lijiang 19.
Old Town of Lijiang is the central town of Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, located in the northwest of Yunnan Province, with geographical coordinates of10014' east longitude and 26 52' north latitude. The ancient city is located in the middle of the county, with an altitude of more than 2400 meters. It is a famous city with beautiful scenery, long history and splendid culture, and it is also a rare well-preserved ancient city of ethnic minorities in China.
20. Beijing Temple of Heaven
Located at the southern tip of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven is the place where emperors of Ming and Qing Dynasties offered sacrifices to heaven and prayed for a bumper harvest. Its rigorous architectural layout, peculiar architectural structure and magnificent architectural decoration are considered as the most exquisite and beautiful ancient buildings in China, enjoying a high reputation in the world.
Beijing Summer Palace 2 1
Haidian, located at the foot of Xishan Mountain in the western suburbs of Beijing, is full of springs, green mountains and green waters and picturesque scenery. Since the 1 1 century, royal gardens have been built here. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, 800 years later, the total area of gardens had reached 1000 hectares, which is rare in the world.
22. Wuyishan, Fujian Province
Wuyishan City is located in the northern part of Fujian Province and belongs to the middle subtropical region. East, west and north are surrounded by mountains. There are many mountains and hills in the territory, and the central and southern parts are relatively flat. The urban area is 2 10/0m above sea level. The landform is well-defined and distributed in a ladder shape. The terrain slopes from northwest to southeast. The highest point of Huanggang Mountain is 2158m above sea level, which is called "the roof of East China" in Chinese mainland. The lowest elevation in xingtian town is165m (the river bed elevation is160m). The height difference between the highest point and the lowest point is1993m, which is the highest in the province. The main parts of Wuyishan scenic spot and Wuyishan nature reserve, which are famous at home and abroad, are located in the territory, which makes the natural conditions of Wuyishan city have many particularities.
23. Chongqing Dazu Stone Carvings
Dazu stone carving is the general name of the grotto art in Dazu county, which mainly focuses on cliff statues. Dazu County is a suburban county under the jurisdiction of Chongqing. It was built in the first year of Gan Yuan in Tang Dynasty (758) and named after "Dafeng Dazu". It is well-known at home and abroad as "the hometown of stone carving" and "the hometown of hardware". It is the first batch of first-class open counties in China, the starting point of the Three Gorges tourist county determined by the state, and the national advanced county of ecological agriculture. It is an important window for Chongqing to open to the outside world. Dazu county has a long history and rich cultural landscape and tourism resources. Stone statues are distributed all over the county, and there are as many as 75 cliff statues announced as cultural relics protection units, with more than 50,000 statues and an inscription of 65,438+10,000 words.
24. Ancient villages in Anhui: Xidi and Hongcun.
Xidi: Xidi is the most representative ancient residential tourist attraction in Huangshan City, located at the southern foot of Huangshan Mountain. According to historical records, Xidi's ancestor was Tang Zhaozong Ye's son. Because of the accident, he fled the people and changed his surname to Hu, where he thrived and formed a settlement village. Therefore, the style of writing has been very prosperous since ancient times. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some scholars abandoned Confucianism and followed Jia. They have succeeded in business, built houses, temples, paved roads and bridges, and made their hometown very comfortable and magnificent. After hundreds of years of social unrest and wind and rain, although more than half of the ancient houses, ancestral halls, academies and memorial archways were destroyed, hundreds of ancient houses were still preserved, and the basic features and features of villages in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were preserved as a whole.
25. imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties: Ming Xianling Mausoleum (Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province), Qing Dongling Mausoleum (zunhua city City, Hebei Province) and Qing Xiling Mausoleum (Yixian County, Hebei Province) 2000+05438+0.
Ming Xianling Mausoleum: Ming Xianling Mausoleum is located in Chunde Mountain, 7.5 kilometers east of Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province. It is the burial tomb of Emperor Jiajing's father Gong Rui and his mother Empress Zhang Sheng. It was built in the 14th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (15 19), and the circular mausoleum covers an area of 1.83 square kilometers. It is the only Ming Emperor Mausoleum in Central and South China and the only Ming Emperor Mausoleum in China. Its mausoleum structure of "One Mausoleum and Two Mausoleums" is unique among emperors' mausoleums in past dynasties.
Qing Dongling Mausoleum: The Qing Dongling Mausoleum is located in Malanyu, 30 kilometers northwest of zunhua city, Hebei Province, and is bounded by Beijing, Tianjin, Tangshan and Chengde. Beijing150km in the west, Tangshan100km in the south and Chengde100km in the north. There are 580 buildings in the cemetery. The Dongling Mausoleum in the Qing Dynasty is a large cemetery, where five Qing emperors, namely Shunzhi, Kangxi, Qianlong, Xianfeng and Tongzhi, and 65,438 people, including Xiao Zhuang, Cixi and ChristianRandPhillips, were buried. Dongqing Mausoleum is a cultural treasure of China left by the Qing Dynasty.
Qingxi Mausoleum: Qingxi Mausoleum is located at the foot of Yongning Mountain in the west of Yixian County, Hebei Province 15 km, and southwest of Beijing 120 km. It is one of the tombs of the Qing emperor, opposite to Dongling in Zunhua County, Hebei Province, and is called Xiling. Four emperors, Yongzheng, Jiaqing, Daoguang and Guangxu, and their concubines, princes, princesses and brothers were buried here. There are 14 mausoleums, which are still attached to the Palace and yongfu temple. It is a typical ancient architectural complex in Qing Dynasty with beautiful scenery, elegant environment, grand scale and complete system.
26. Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province
Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province, located in the southeast of Luoyang, are distributed on the cliffs on both sides of Yishui, with a length of 1 km from north to south. Longmen Grottoes began in the Northern Wei Dynasty and have a history of more than 400 years. There are more than 2,300 caves and 6,543,800 statues, which is a model of ancient sculpture art in China.
27. Qingcheng Mountain and Dujiangyan in Sichuan
Qingcheng Mountain, located in Dujiangyan Scenic Area in Chengdu, Sichuan, is a famous Taoist mountain in China. The ancient trees in the mountain are towering, surrounded by peaks, and the seasons are like spring, hence the name Qingcheng Mountain. Qingcheng mountain is divided into Qingcheng front mountain and Qingcheng back mountain. Qian Shan has beautiful scenery and many cultural relics. The natural scenery of Houshan is primitive and gorgeous, such as the Peach Blossom Garden in the world, beautiful and mysterious.
28. Yungang Grottoes
Yungang Grottoes, located in Datong City, Shanxi Province, has 252 grottoes and more than 565,438+0,000 statues, representing the outstanding Buddhist grottoes art in China from the 5th century to the 6th century. Among them, the Tan Yao Cave, with its rigorous and unified layout, is a classic masterpiece of the first peak period of Buddhist art in China.
29. "Three Parallel Rivers" Natural Landscape
The natural landscape of "Three Parallel Rivers" was listed in the World Heritage List in July 2003 according to the natural heritage selection criteria N(I)(II)(III)(IV). Three Parallel Rivers National Park is located in the northwest mountainous area of Yunnan Province, covering an area of about 6.5438+0.7 million square hectares. The park contains eight kinds of protected area landforms. The main feature is that the three major rivers in Asia, Jinsha River, Nujiang River and Lancang River, flow in parallel from north to south. They flow through canyons with an altitude of more than 3,000 meters and are flanked by ice age cliffs with an altitude of more than 6,000 meters. This area is the earthquake center of China and one of the regions with the richest climatic phenomena in the world.