Dongfeng Forest Farm, Mulan County, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province
Water system: it is a tributary of Songhua River, and the larger rivers are Baiyangmu River and Mulan River, the first-class tributaries of Songhua River. Baiyangmu River and Mulan River respectively flow from Baiyangmu Forest Farm of Xinglong Forestry Bureau, Taiping Forest Farm of Mulan County and Da Gui Town from north to south, and then flow into Songhua River through Jianguo Forest Farm, Mulan Town and Jixing Township. Other small rivers, such as Chaoyang Guanhe, Zhenyang River, Xiaoqing River and Erdao River, are mostly seasonal rivers.
Climate: it belongs to the continental monsoon climate in the middle temperate zone, with mild and humid climate, obvious four seasons, long winter, cold and dry; Summer is short, hot and rainy; The weather is cool and changeable in spring and autumn. The annual sunshine hours are 2400 hours, the annual accumulated temperature is ≥ 10℃, the annual average temperature is 2.3℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 37℃, the minimum temperature is -39℃, and the annual average precipitation is 590 mm. It is mainly concentrated in July and August, and the frost-free period is about 120 days, which is beneficial to the normal growth and development of plants.
Soil: There are three types of soil: dark brown soil, valley meadow soil and swamp soil, among which dark brown soil is the main one, and valley meadow soil and swamp soil are less distributed. There are three subtypes of dark brown soil, namely, typical dark brown soil, white-pulped dark brown soil and meadow dark brown soil, among which typical dark brown soil is mainly distributed in the middle and lower abdomen of mountainous areas; The low-lying valley area is meadow dark brown soil; It is mainly distributed in hillside and hilly areas, and it is a white pulpy dark brown soil. The thickness of black soil layer is 10-20cm.
Vegetation: It belongs to the flora of Changbai Mountain, and the flora of Xiaoxing 'anling-Zhangguangcailing is a subregion. The main tree species are Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla, Tilia amurensis, Pinus koraiensis, Larch and Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Mongolian oak, spruce, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica, pineapple, elm, black birch, oak, colored-leaf tree, etc. The main sub-trees, shrubs and vines are Corylus heterophylla, Rhododendron rhododendron, Lespedeza, tea strips and honeysuckle. Acanthopanax senticosus, three needles, tender buds, dark plum, wild grape, Schisandra chinensis, etc. Herbs mainly include Carex lasiocarpa, Carex ussuriensis, pteridophytes, Artemisia, Equisetum arvense, Lily of the valley, Sanguisorba officinalis, mosquito and so on. Chinese herbal medicines include Radix Codonopsis, Radix Astragali, Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Radix Bupleuri, Lumbricus, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, etc. Fungi include yuanmo, Huang Yu mushroom, hazel mushroom, etc. Wild vegetables include bracken and spinach.
Wild animals: mainly roe deer, red deer, badger, wolf, bear, wild boar, fox, hare, muskrat, pheasant, flying dragon, wild duck, wood frog and so on. General situation of forest resources: total management area 17037 hectares, woodland area 13293 hectares, and total stock volume of 78 1 190 cubic meters; The area of non-forestry land is 3744 hectares. Among the forestry land, there are woodland 10255 hectares and forest of 779990 cubic meters. Sparse forest land covers an area of 40 hectares, with a volume of1.200m3; Shrub area of 269 cubic meters; The forest area is 703 hectares; Nursery area of 4 hectares; The area without forest land is 2022 hectares. In the forest area, the timber forest area is 10245 hectares, and the stock volume is 779450 cubic meters; Special forest area 10 hectare, with a stock of 540 cubic meters. The forest coverage rate is 62%.
Stand type: Among the forest resources, the natural forest area is 5 145 hectares, with a total volume of 529,000 cubic meters, accounting for 50.2% and 67.9% of the forest area and volume respectively. The main forest type is basswood forest, with an area of 65,438 0.49 hectares and a volume of 65,438 0.6 million cubic meters, accounting for 2.9% and 3.0% of the natural forest area and volume respectively. The area of oak forest is 103 hectare, and the volume is 1 10,000 cubic meters, accounting for 2.0% and 1.9% of the natural forest area and volume, respectively. Precious hard and broad-leaved mixed forest covers an area of 7 1 hectare, and its volume is 0. 1 10,000 cubic meters, accounting for 1.4% and 0.2% of the natural forest area and volume respectively. Populus davidiana forest covers an area of 25 15 hectares, with a storage volume of 275,000 cubic meters, accounting for 48.9% and 52% of the natural forest area and storage volume respectively; Betula platyphylla forest covers an area of 73 hectares, with a volume of 8,000 cubic meters, accounting for 65,438 0.4% and 65,438 0.5% of the natural forest area and volume respectively. The soft and broad-leaved mixed forest covers an area of 2,234 hectares, with a volume of 265,438 0.9 million cubic meters, accounting for 43.4% and 465,438 0.4% of the natural forest area and volume respectively.
The plantation area is 5 1 10 hectare, and the storage volume is 25 10000 cubic meters, accounting for 49.8% and 32. 1% of the woodland area and storage volume respectively. The main stand types are Korean pine forest and artificial precious tree species broad-leaved forest, with a volume of 0. 1 10,000 cubic meters, accounting for 5.6% and 0.4% of the plantation area and volume respectively; Pinus sylvestris forest area. Quercus mongolica forest covers an area of 65,438 0.209 hectares, with a volume of 37,000 cubic meters, accounting for 23.7% and 65,438 0.04% of the plantation area and volume respectively. Larch forest covers an area of 36 14 hectares, and its volume is 2 13 cubic meters, accounting for 70.7% and 84.9% of the plantation area and volume respectively.
Forest classification management division: in the forest land, the total area of ecological public welfare forest is 93 16 hectares, accounting for 70. 1% of the forest land area, of which the area of key public welfare forest is 4725 hectares, accounting for 35.6% of the forest land area; The general public welfare forest area is 459 1 hectare, accounting for 34.5% of the forest land area. The commercial forest covers an area of 3,977 hectares, accounting for 29.9% of the forestry land area. The forest farm was founded in 1963. Since its establishment, 58 13 hectares have been planted, and now 5 1 10 hectares have been formed. Cultivate 9000 hectares of forest, provide 260000 cubic meters of commercial timber for the country, and produce 6600 cubic meters of timber every year on average. 4 hectares of seedlings are raised every year, with an annual output of 65,438 million seedlings, including larch, Korean pine and Mongolian pine. Mongolian oak, spruce, poplar seedlings, Fraxinus mandshurica, pineapple, linden and Lycium barbarum.
Agricultural base 100 hectare, including 30 hectares of paddy fields and 70 hectares of dry fields, with an annual output of 0/40,000 kg of rice and 70,000 kg of soybeans; Pig 100 head, 30,000 fish and 2,000 chickens; The annual profit is 96,000 yuan.
There are various public and civil buildings with brick and wood structures in the forest farm 10000 square meters; There are cars 1 vehicle, anti-trains 1 vehicle, motorcycles 1 vehicle, four-wheeled tractors 1 vehicle, six radios, five fire extinguishers 1 vehicle, three GPS satellite locators, automatic sprinkler irrigation equipment in the nursery1vehicle, and. Mountain range: The forest farm is located at the end of the west foot of Wanda Mountain, which is a hilly area with relatively gentle terrain. There is Xida Dingzi Mountain in the territory, with the highest peak 70 1 m above sea level.
Water system: it belongs to Songhua River water system, a tributary of Mudanjiang. The main rivers flow into Mudanjiang from east to west, which is rich in water resources.
Climate: it belongs to continental monsoon climate, with low temperature and drought in spring, warm and rainy in summer, short autumn, long winter, cold and snowy, with the highest temperature of 32℃, the lowest temperature of -3 1℃, the annual average temperature of 3. 1℃, the annual sunshine of 245 1 hour and the annual accumulated temperature of 2567.5℃.
Soil: mainly dark brown soil, followed by swamp soil and meadow soil.
Vegetation: It belongs to Wandashan flora. The main tree species are oak, black birch, linden, birch and Populus davidiana, the shrubs are Lespedeza, hazelnut and Rosa davurica, the vines are Schisandra chinensis and Vitis amurensis, and the herbs are Carex, Lily of the valley, Atractylodes lancea and Sanguisorba officinalis. Among them, Chinese herbal medicines include Schisandra chinensis, Acanthopanax senticosus, Dioscorea nipponica and so on. Fungi include Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, hazelnut, Tricholoma matsutake, Tricholoma matsutake, etc. Wild vegetables include old bracken and Cantonese cuisine.
Wild animals: mainly rabbits, snakes, rats, raccoons, pheasants, dragons, wild ducks, roe deer, wild boar, wood frogs and so on. General situation of forest resources: total management area 16422 hectares, forest land area 14434 hectares, including forest land area 133 13 hectares and total forest stock 1280504 cubic meters. Unforested land 1 1 13 hectares, non-forestry land 1988 hectares and nursery land of 8 hectares. The forest coverage rate is 8 1. 1%.
Stand type: Among forest resources, the natural forest area is 1 1770 cubic meters, and the accumulation is 1240288 cubic meters, accounting for 88.5% and 96.9% of the forest area and accumulation respectively. The main stand type is natural oak forest. The plantation area is 1.543 hectares, and the volume is 402 1.6% and 3. 1% of the forest area and volume, respectively. The main stand type is pure larch forest with a volume of 15256 cubic meters; 884 hectares of pure forest of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Quercus mongolica, with a storage capacity of 24,276 cubic meters; The pure forest of Korean pine is 83 hectares, with a volume of 684 cubic meters.
Forest classification and management division: In the woodland, the total area of ecological public welfare forest is 1 1284 hectares, accounting for 78.7% of the woodland. Among them, the key ecological public welfare forest covers an area of 5884 hectares, accounting for 41%of the forestry land area; The general ecological public welfare forest covers an area of 5,400 hectares, accounting for 37.7% of the forest land area. The commercial forest covers an area of 3050 hectares, accounting for 2 1.3% of the forest land area. The forest farm was founded in 1972. Since its establishment, it has closed hillsides to facilitate afforestation 1500 hectares, regenerated afforestation 25 13 hectares, produced 66,000 cubic meters of wood, with an annual output of 2,200 cubic meters, and planted forests 1543 hectares.
The annual output of soybeans is 600,000 kilograms, and the annual profit is 400,000 yuan; Rana chensinensis breeding base1; Feeding 120 cows, with an annual profit of 80,000 yuan; Raise 60 sheep, with an annual profit of 500,000 yuan.
There are more than 0/0 vehicles in the forest farm, including cable TV, telephone, computer, fax and other facilities. development direction
In the future development of forest farms, the first thing is to protect and cultivate key ecological forests and maximize their ecological and social benefits. For general ecological forests, the principle of combining closing hillsides for afforestation, management and protection, cutting and tending should be adopted to maximize its ecological, social and economic benefits. Take high investment in commercial forest, increase cultivation efforts, improve the productivity of forest land, and make it play the greatest economic benefits. Second, relying on local resources, mountain products, such as wild vegetables, medicinal plants and edible fungi, will be developed and utilized in a planned and organized way. At the same time, actively use forest land resources, vigorously develop planting and aquaculture, cultivate Chinese herbal medicines, cash crops, edible fungi, plant fruit trees, breed forest frogs, raise cattle, raise sheep and other projects.
Development project
Take planting and breeding as the main development projects, actively explore cooperation, introduce advanced technology and talents, and take the road of * * * development and * * benefit.