What are the hazards of pseudoscience?
1. Pseudoscience pretends to be science and competes with real science and technology with extremely limited investment in science and technology.
2. Pseudoscience has caused great losses to the life and property of the country and people, and quite a few acts have violated the criminal law of China.
3. Pseudo-scientific propaganda confuses the audience, deliberately blurs the boundaries between truth and falsehood, rationality and irrationality, and interferes with the normal news publicity and cultural education in universities, primary and secondary schools.
4. Pseudoscience and science compete for the position of socialist culture, which seriously affects the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.
5. The proliferation of pseudoscience in China and its export have damaged China's international image.
Question 2: What pseudoscience are there in life? What is pseudoscience?
One of the main characteristics of pseudoscience is trying to pretend to be science. However, science has its own basic principles, and those who violate these basic principles cannot be included in science.
Pseudoscience refers to the statement that non-scientific theories or methods without scientific basis are declared as science or more scientific than science, such as astrology. Pseudoscience is different from temporary scientific mistakes. This is a social and historical phenomenon. The key point is that it pretends to be science at a specific time and place, regards what has been proved by the scientific community as science, and cannot provide strict evidence for a long time. Non-scientific things exist in large quantities and usually have their own values, such as literature, art and magic. Once someone claims that they are science, this statement becomes pseudoscience.
Pseudoscience often makes a fuss about some weaknesses of science, which generally appears in the following four occasions: 1. Where science is temporarily powerless (such as disaster and death), it appears as a savior; 2. Where scientific exploration is difficult (such as the origin of life and the universe), it appears as the founder of the new theory; 3. In the complex system with randomness and uncertain causality, it appears as an expert in predicting the future; 4. Where people are eager for health and happiness, it appears as a provider of magic medicine and magic food.
A series of comprehensive indicators can be used to judge what is more likely to be pseudoscience, such as whether to admit the limited role of its theory? Are you logical and use math as much as possible? Is it possible to be compatible with the original scientific knowledge and include the original theory as a special case? Can you accept criticism with an open mind and strive to improve your theory? Is the experiment as the theoretical basis repeatable? Does it rule out the relationship with the spiritual world, that is, you don't believe it works? Wait a minute. If you give a "no" answer to many or all of the above questions, then this theory basically belongs to pseudoscience.
In addition, there are pseudoscience caused by the limitations of people's understanding, intentional falsification or intentional illegal dissemination. Although they are proved to be wrong or even harmful in the end, they are still different from pseudoscience and will generally be treated with more tolerance. Now we know that phlogiston belongs to pre-science, which is wrong in itself, but in the history of science, it can not be simply said to be pseudoscience, and it has contributed to the development of chemistry. In that historical period, it belonged to science. Only after the development of new chemistry, if phlogiston theory is popularized again, it will become a typical pseudoscience. In reality, sometimes it is not easy to distinguish between intentional and unintentional, and pseudoscientific activities themselves have an evolutionary process.
Pseudoscience is the mortal enemy of science. While truth is still putting on its shoes, lies have spread all over the world. But we firmly believe that once the truth takes a step, it can drive lies out of this world.
Question 3: Why is pseudoscience more harmful than pseudoscience? Tell a joke that everyone knows, and you will understand:
A girl and a boy spend the night in the same bed. The girl put a line in the middle and said, if you cross this line at night, you are an animal.
When she got up the next day, the girl saw that the thread had not moved. She got angry, slapped the boy and said, You are worse than an animal! ! !
The implication is that a man must take the initiative and dare not touch a woman in front of him. What woman would like such a man who has no sexual impulse at all? . .
Take your time. .
Question 4: How to distinguish between science, pseudoscience, non-science and scientific cheating? What are the hazards of scientific cheating? In short, science supports the right argument with the right argument, pseudoscience supports the wrong argument with the wrong argument, non-science supports the argument without argument, and scientific cheating tries to support one's own imaginary point of view with the wrong argument.
Question 5: What are the most harmful pseudosciences around you? Come and save them. Needless to say, the most popular pseudoscience is undoubtedly genetically modified and organic food. Deceived many people who don't understand science. It is a lie to advertise all day what is non-genetically modified and pure organic.
Question 6: What pseudoscientific phenomena are there in life? At present, the study and practice activities in Scientific Outlook on Development are in full swing. Humans have already entered the scientific society, and the word science is said almost every day. But a little attention can reveal that there are many unscientific phenomena in our daily life, and even pseudoscience is in power. In recent years, opposing pseudoscience has aroused great concern in society. He Xiuxiu, Si Manan and other fighters mercilessly exposed the imperial doctor and pseudo-qigong. In fact, pseudoscience still exists in many common sense knowledge. To give a few examples: tap water that can be directly drunk as early as a few years ago, the media reported that tap water in Beijing reached the level of direct drinking water. This is indeed a great progress, indicating that Beijing's water treatment technology is very advanced. However, this does not mean that we have reached the level of developed countries. Because people who have been abroad know that tap water can be directly drunk in hotels and streets in Europe and America. In Beijing, can the tap water in hotels or homes be directly drunk? The answer is no, why, isn't this a contradiction with what I said before, that you can drink directly? That's true. Because the so-called tap water in Beijing can be directly drunk means the water treated in the water source plant, which can be directly drunk in the water source plant. Many media have intentionally or unintentionally concealed this point when reporting. Although the media reported it, the audience didn't notice it. It takes a long process from the water source plant to the household faucet. No one answered whether the underground water pipe can meet the standard of ensuring direct drinking water; Many water tanks upstairs are open-air, and wind and rain, sand and dust will produce pollution. These conditions have affected the direct drinking of tap water. Therefore, if a concept is stolen or not, science becomes pseudoscience. Morning exercise time advocated by experts Many experts say that the best time for morning exercise is after it rises too far, and it is best to have more oxygen where there are green plants. There is no doubt that this is correct. However, many times, most people simply can't do it. Most of the time refers to winter and spring and autumn in the north, because the sun doesn't rise until after 7 o'clock. Most people refer to office workers, who are already on their way when the sun rises, where it is possible to do morning exercises. At the same time, with the rising of the sun and the arrival of the morning peak, the pollution caused by automobile exhaust is very serious. It not only offsets the increased oxygen of plant photosynthesis, but also greatly increases the concentration of harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide. Think about it, in a megacity like Beijing, except for the suburbs, in the urban area where most people live, there should be a clear conclusion when morning exercise is better. It is a well-known scientific truth that waste batteries contain a lot of harmful substances. To this end, many influential departments or figures have issued a call to recycle used batteries to reduce environmental pollution. It is true that some units, such as shops and hotels, put waste battery recycling boxes in public places, and some individuals consciously recycle them. However, what is embarrassing is that the room is full of batteries, but there is no place to send them. It is understood that after recycling, many units have no normal channels for disposal, and finally they are sent to the garbage dump together with domestic garbage. Yes! It is of no practical significance to call for recycling without solving the consumption problem. The authority of the media Modern social media has become the main source of information for people. But what is the authority of the media? It is worth discussing. Often, we will hear some people say: I said it online, so what. What seems to be circulating on the Internet is all the truth, all the truth. It should be noted that the network is an uncontrollable media with a strong double-edged sword effect. Some people say that it was reported in Hong Kong newspapers and published in American media. It seems that overseas and foreign media are more authoritative. Even more credible than trusting Xinhua News Agency and People's Daily. In fact, any media has its weaknesses. Some commercial media have more problems and should not be the only basis. Science is conditional. If we ignore or change the conditions, science will become pseudoscience!
Question 7: What's the difference between non-science and pseudoscience?
Generally speaking, those that do not meet the conditions of testability and repeatability of scientific propositions in a strict sense are collectively referred to as non-science. From the perspective of value, many theoretical systems in non-science (such as philosophy, religion, myth, etc. ) often has extremely important significance and great role. This function is directly manifested in the promotion of scientific undertakings or in the rational construction of human spiritual civilization. Pseudoscience claims that non-scientific theories or methods without scientific basis are scientific or more scientific than science, which is recognized as pseudoscience, such as astrology.
Pseudoscience is non-science. It must be called science. Science and pseudoscience are firmly opposed, and pseudoscience is a subset of non-science. Everything except science can be called non-science, such as literature, art, religion, superstition and so on. They are unscientific, but that doesn't mean they are pseudoscience. Only when someone passes off unscientific things as science does it become pseudoscience. Such as alchemy, alchemy, creationism, metaphysics, geomantic omen, astrology, yin and yang are also unscientific.
Question 8: Prove: Is speed reading science or pseudoscience? Is speed reading a science?
Speed reading, or "speed reading", is now mostly called "whole brain speed reading".
Scientific principle: the human brain is divided into two parts, the left and right parts are responsible for each other and deal with different information contents: the right brain mainly remembers and processes graphics and images, and the left brain mainly processes non-visual information such as logic, numbers and words.
Scientific research has proved that human beings traditionally use the function of the left brain when reading; When reading with "speed reading", the functions of the left and right brains are fully mobilized, giving full play to the advantages of the left and right brains to recognize images, remember meanings and understand text information, so "speed reading" is also called "whole brain speed reading".