Who are the famous Chinese classical landscape painters?

Dong Yuan, Fan Kuan, Li Cheng, Xu Xi, Shen Zhou, etc.

1. Dong Yuan

Dong Yuan (934-about 962), whose first name was Dong Yuan, also named Shuda, was born in Zhongling, Jiangxi (now Jinxian County, Jiangxi). He was a painter of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties and the originator of Southern style landscape painting. Together with Li Cheng and Fan Kuan, he was also known as the three great masters of the Northern Song Dynasty in history.

Li Jing, the leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was the deputy envoy of Beiyuan, so it was also called "Dong Beiyuan". He is good at painting landscapes, figures and animals. He first learned landscape painting from Jing Hao, and his brushstrokes were powerful and majestic. Later, he used real mountain scenery in the south of the Yangtze River to paint his paintings, which are not strange and steep.

The trees in the sparse forest are far away and deep, and the texture is like pockmarked skin. Later generations call it "Philippe Capped". The moss on the top of the mountain is dense, the water is the color of the river and the sky, the clouds and mists are dim, the peaks and mountains are in and out, and the Tingzhu River Bridge is full of true meaning. Mi Fu said that his paintings were "plain and innocent, and there was nothing like them in the Tang Dynasty".

Existing works include "Waiting for Ferry at Xiajing Mountain Pass", "Xiaoxiang Picture", "Xiashan Picture", "Stream Bank Picture", "Pinglin Jise Picture" and so on.

2. Fan Kuan

Fan Kuan (950-1032), a master of painting in the Song Dynasty, also known as Zhongzheng, also named Zhongzheng, Han nationality, was born in Huayuan, Shaanxi (now Yaozhou District, Tongchuan, Shaanxi) , wild in nature, addicted to alcohol and good manners. He is good at painting landscapes and is one of the "Three Masters of Landscape Painting in the Northern Song Dynasty".

I started to learn from Li Cheng, but later realized that "it is better to learn from nature than to learn from others", so he lived in seclusion in Zhongnan and Taihua, creating his own ideas on the scenery, writing the true bones of the mountains, and forming his own family. The peaks and mountains in his paintings are thick and dignified, and they are majestic and majestic, giving people a sense of majesty and precipitousness.

The pen is strong and powerful, with many raindrops, watercress, and nail heads. The top of the mountain is good for dense forests. Large rocks are often placed near the water, and the houses are dyed black. It’s also great for creating snow scenes.

Existing works include "Travel in Streams and Mountains", "Xiao Temple in Snow Mountain", "Snow Scenery in Cold Forest", etc.

3. Li Cheng

Li Cheng (919-967) was a painter of the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is Xianxi. Originally from Chang'an (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi), his ancestors were descendants of the Tang clan. His grandfather fled chaos in the Five Dynasties and moved to Yingqiu (today's Qingzhou, Shandong), so he was also called Li Yingqiu.

Good at painting landscapes, he studied under the tutelage of Jing Hao and Guan Tong, and later under the tutelage of Destiny, forming his own family. Paint more of the vast and flat scenery of the countryside. Pingyuan Hanlin, the painting method is concise, the atmosphere is desolate, and it is easy to use light ink, which is known as "cherishing ink like gold"; the painting of mountains and rocks is like rolling clouds, which is called "currilla clouds" by later generations.

Hua Hanlin created the "crab claw" method. It had a significant influence on the development of landscape painting in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Northern Song Dynasty, it was known as "the best in ancient and modern times". His extant works include "Reading Stone Tablets", "Cold Forest and Plains", "Qingluan Xiao Temple", "Maolin Yuanxiu", etc.

4. Xu Xi

Xu Xi, an outstanding painter of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, was a native of Jinling (now Nanjing), or Zhongling (now Jinxian, Jiangxi). Born in a "famous family in the south of the Yangtze River". He was born in the Guangqi period of Emperor Xizong of the Tang Dynasty. He returned to the Song Dynasty with Empress Li in the last year of Kaibao (975 AD) and died of illness soon after.

Having never been an official, Guo Ruoxu called him "a scholar from the south of the Yangtze River". Shen Kuo said that he was a "Jiangnan commoner". His temperament is bold and open-minded, his ambition is high, and he is good at painting flowers, bamboos, trees, cicadas, butterflies, grass and insects, and his beauty is no different from nature.

5. Shen Zhou

Shen Zhou (1427-1509), named Qinan, also known as Shitian, Baishiweng, Yutiansheng, the owner of Youzhuju, a master of painting in the Ming Dynasty and a member of the Wumen School of Painting. The founder, one of the four famous families in the Ming Dynasty, was from Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). He was born in the second year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty and died in the fourth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty. He was eighty-two years old (actually eighty-three years old).

He should not take the imperial examination and specialize in poetry, calligraphy and painting. He was the founder of the "Wu School" of literati painting in the mid-Ming Dynasty. Together with Wen Zhengming, Tang Yin and Qiu Ying, he was known as the "Four Ming Schools".

The handed down works include "Lushan High Picture", "Qiulin Dialect Old Picture", and "Cangzhou Interesting Picture". He is the author of "Ishida Collection", "Guest News", etc.