How did Fuxi discover the operation law of everything in the world?
We all live a hunting life, chasing different prey every day, and laying down a prey can eat the whole tribe for a few days. But this way of life is difficult to last forever, because the prey has run out, so we have to constantly change our living places.
In ancient times, when we didn't understand the rhythm of the four seasons and there was no satellite navigation system, where would we go and how would our tribe survive and develop?
Why did we upgrade from nomadic civilization to farming civilization? The most direct reason is that there are not enough animals to eat. We have to eat grass (including food) for a living. But when the grass is also eaten, can you find a way to survive and settle down in a fertile land for a long time?
If you want to live in a place, you must have enough food supply first. Although the meat of animals is delicious and nutritious, the growth and development cycle of animals is too long to become the main food supply. Except animals, only plants can eat.
After a long period of observation and practice summary, we found that several plants will bear fruits from growth to maturity in one cycle, and after these fruits are planted, they will start a new round of growth and maturity cycle after a period of time.
So we choose these crops suitable for farming, planting, cultivating, harvesting and replanting, which become our long-term food source. In this way, we can farm in one place and live a self-sufficient life.
However, if crops are to be planted and harvested successfully, there is a key problem: time period.
How do we decide when to sow and when to harvest the fruit? If the sowing time is too early or too late, the result may be no grain harvest. Or the harvest time is wrong, and the output will be greatly reduced.
Whoever can solve this problem is the great savior and benefactor of people. People respect him as the leader of the tribe and obey his leadership and education.
In the ancient times of our Chinese nation, this person was Fuxi.
Fuxi is to China what the sun is to everything. Fuxi was the first person to master the law of the operation of heaven and earth. Through his observation and understanding of everything in the world, he deeply rooted the roots of Chinese civilization into the nature of heaven. Since then, China people have upgraded from nomadic civilization to farming civilization.
So, Fuxi, what natural laws were discovered, and how were these natural laws discovered? How are these discovered natural laws applied to agricultural production?
Let's focus on Fuxi.
Fuxi is a person who is very good at observing everything in the world. After long-term observation of astronomical phenomena, Fuxi found that there are seven brightest stars in the sky, which are always connected together like spoons. When the handle of the spoon points in different directions, the changes of everything in the world are different, but this process is cyclical.
When the handle of the spoon points in the direction of the rising sun every day, the weather gets warmer and everything grows. This time is also the most suitable time to grow crops. When the handle of the spoon points to the highest position where the sun rises every day, it is the warmest time of the year.
When the handle of the spoon points to the direction of sunset every day, the fruit on the tree turns red and the crops in the field begin to mature. When the handle of the spoon points to the middle of the rising and setting of the sun, the trees wither and the flowers wither, which is the coldest time of the year.
When the handle of the spoon points in the direction of the rising sun again, the weather will warm up again and everything will recover. This cycle has never stopped, and there has never been an accident in the middle, and it goes on and on.
Now we know that this is a seasonal change in spring, summer, autumn and winter, and it is a changing phenomenon that the earth revolves around the sun and Yin and Yang push each other at different distances.
If we live in Fuxi era now, how can we determine the rhythm of the four seasons?
What we could understand at that time was that the sun rose and set every day. We didn't know there were 12 months and 365 days in a year. We don't know when and when to plant the land. We can only feel the change of temperature.
How did Fuxi establish a four-season model to guide agricultural production?
Fuxi used a wooden pole to observe the length of the sun and the change of the shadow of the wooden pole for a long time. First, he determined two poles: when the weather is coldest, the shadow is the longest; When the weather is hottest, the shadow is shortest. The longest sign is the moon point, winter solstice. The shortest mark is the sun point, summer solstice.
The two central points in the mutual movement of the sun and the moon are just the watershed of the quantitative change of the movement of Yin and Yang. The Taiyin moves to the sun, and before the midpoint, the Yin is greater than the Yang, so it is called "Shaoyang", which means Shaoyang. Similarly, when the sun moves to the midpoint of the lunar moon, it is called "Shaoyin", which means Shaoyin.
The ups and downs of all things just correspond to this cycle. This is the four-time mode of the operation of heaven and earth, which contains the great ideas of opposition, transformation, ups and downs and unity.
Tai Chi gives birth to two instruments, and two instruments give birth to four images. The establishment of the Four Elephants has enabled the Chinese nation to have a rational understanding of nature and climate. Shaoyang means that yang is the most abundant in spring, the sun means that yang is the most abundant in summer, Shaoyin means that it occurs in autumn, and Taiyin means that it is the most abundant in winter. Everything happens in spring, grows in summer, harvests in autumn and collects in winter.
After the establishment of the Four Elephants, in order to more accurately express the phenomenon of the rise and fall of Yin and Yang, Fuxi divided them on the basis of the Four Elephants, namely, shaoyang middle qi, sun middle qi, shaoyin middle qi and Taiyin middle qi, corresponding to beginning of spring, Changxia, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter respectively.
Winter solstice, summer solstice, vernal equinox and autumnal equinox, plus beginning of spring, Changchun, beginning of autumn and beginning of winter, divide Sunday into eight equal parts. This is the gossip of the four elephants.
Gossip is a sharp weapon to interpret everything in the world. After the establishment of gossip, Fuxi named each gossip image according to the situation and characteristics of everything in the world.
Each kind of gossip can be transformed and adapted to each other, and gossip completely corresponds to the process of the emergence and disappearance of things in the cycle of yin and yang.
At the same time, in the solar cycle of the lunar calendar, Fuxi defined the rising and setting of the sun as a day. Between the moon and the sun, a complete cycle takes 365 days. In these 365 days, the full moon will appear 12 times. Centered on the fifteenth day of the full moon, a month is divided into two parts, and a year is divided into 24 parts, forming 24 solar terms, corresponding to 24 hexagrams of eight diagrams.
Furthermore, after the name of everything was determined by gossip, Fuxi found that gossip was not enough to express the variability of time and space. Because there are different spaces at the same time, different phenomena will appear in the same space at different times. When time and space overlap, the intersection of gossip becomes sixty-four hexagrams. This is enough to express everything in the world.
The establishment of the four seasons, eight diagrams and twenty-four solar terms finally enabled human beings to understand and master the laws of the operation of heaven and earth, thus guiding actual production in real life. It also upgraded human beings from nomadic civilization to farming civilization, and opened a new era for human beings to transform nature.
Now we all know the answers, but every answer is hard-won. It is the result of our ancestors' long-term observation, thinking and summary, and the crystallization of amazing perseverance and amazing wisdom.
Our great ancestors' understanding of the world began with observing everything, understanding the relationship between everything, thinking and summarizing the laws behind it. This is our civilization, rooted in heaven and nature. What a great thing this is.