What is filial piety and what is twenty-four filial piety?

Filial piety-the first of all virtues and the foundation of the country.

The Book of Filial Piety is a book devoted to filial piety. It is generally believed that it was written in the pre-Qin period and has 18 chapters. The title of the book comes from The Book of Filial Piety, Tian Li, Di Yi, Man's Journey. This book focuses on filial piety, which is the basis of all virtues, and focuses on Confucian filial piety, which entered the Twelve Classics in the Tang Dynasty and is the representative work of China's ethical thought.

Chapters 2 to 6 of the Book of Filial Piety discuss the "five-class filial piety" of emperors, governors, Qing Dafu, scholars and Shu Ren, and develop the filial piety of "kissing" into the code of conduct of "loyalty to the monarch" and "obedience to the long", and then put forward the idea of "ruling the world with filial piety". Then it discusses the specific filial piety such as serving relatives at home, obeying filial piety for officials and mourning for relatives. But "filial piety" is not blindly obeying the monarch's elders, but bravely protesting against the injustice in the world. Therefore, the viewpoint of "flogging" as filial piety was put forward.

"How many things have risen and fallen through the ages, endless, and the Yangtze River is rolling." Although the history of feudal society has passed for thousands of years, the eternal law is to love others and be filial to children. Filial piety, "starting from relatives, serving the monarch, and finally standing", the enlightenment of "filial piety" to modern people is to have awe of everything. Respecting parents, working hard and standing tall are at least what each of us can do. This is a big event, but it is not a big donation. It is filial piety to keep fit and die, and it is also filial piety to serve tea and water. Let's start with this book "The Book of Filial Piety". The ancients still practiced "filial piety". If so, that is the situation today!

The version of Xiao Jing is the annotation of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty and Xiao Jing edited by Xing Bing in Northern Song Dynasty. There is a copy of Notes to Thirteen Classics by Ruan Yuan in Qing Dynasty, which was photocopied by Zhonghua Book Company, 1980 edition 1.

0 1 Xiaogan Dongtianshun, legendary ancient emperor, one of the five emperors, surnamed Yao, named Zhonghua, posthumous title Yu, known as Yu Shun in history. According to legend, his father Gu Sou, stepmother and half-brother tried to kill him many times: Shun set fire to the barn while repairing the roof of the barn, and Shun jumped off with two hats to escape; Shun dug a well and Xiang Ke went down to fill it. Shun dug a tunnel to escape. Afterwards, Shun was not jealous, but still obeyed his father and loved his younger brother. His filial piety touched the Emperor of Heaven. Shun plowed the fields in Lishan Mountain, the elephants plowed the fields for him and the birds mowed the grass for him. Hearing that Shun was very filial and capable of handling political affairs, Emperor Yaodi married his two daughters. After years of observation and test, Shun was chosen as his successor. After Shun ascended the throne, he went to see his father, still respectfully, and made him a vassal. The third son of Emperor Gaozu was born to Empress Bo. Eight years after high school (before 180) is the throne. In the name of benevolence and filial piety, he is famous all over the world, and he never slackens in serving his mother. His mother was ill for three years, and he often disappeared and took off his clothes. Let mom bring the soup, and he won't worry until he tastes it himself. During his 24 years in office, he emphasized the rule of virtue, advocated etiquette, and attached importance to the development of agriculture, which made the Western Han society stable, the population prosperous, and the economy restored and developed. His rule with Emperor Han Jing was called "the rule of culture and scenery." 03 Bite refers to Zeng Shen, whose real name was a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, a proud disciple of Confucius, who was known as "Ceng Zi" and was famous for his filial piety. When I was a teenager, my family was poor and I often went to the mountains to collect firewood. One day, there were guests at home, and my mother was at a loss and bit her finger with her teeth. Zeng Shen suddenly felt distressed. Knowing that his mother was calling him, he hurried home with firewood on his back and knelt down to ask why. Mother said, "Suddenly a guest came, and I bit my finger. I hope you will come back." Zeng Shen received the guests and treated them with courtesy. The well-read Zeng Shen once put forward the cultivation method of "I will save myself in three days" (The Analects of Confucius Learning). According to legend, his works include Confucian classics such as "The University" and "The Book of Filial Piety". Later, Confucianism honored him as "Zongsheng". Bailifu Mi and Zihe, born in the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, are proud disciples of Confucius. They are generous and very filial. In the early years, my family was poor, and I often picked wild vegetables to cook, but I went home from a hundred miles away to serve my parents. After his parents died, he became a big official and was ordered to go to Chu, with hundreds of chariots and horses and accumulated as much as 10 thousand grain. Sitting on a piled brocade mattress and eating a sumptuous banquet, he often misses his parents and laments, "Even if I want to eat wild vegetables, where can I get them?" Confucius praised: "You served your parents best when you were alive, but you missed them after you died!" " ("Confucius Family Language: Thinking") 05 Lv Yishun, mother Min Min, a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, was a disciple of Confucius, and was called Yan Yuan by virtue under Confucius. Confucius once praised him and said, "Filial piety, Min Zikai!" (Advanced Analects of Confucius). His biological mother died young, and his father married a second wife and gave birth to two sons. His stepmother often abuses him. In winter, the two younger brothers wore cotton winter clothes, but gave him a "cotton coat" made of reed flowers. One day, when my father went out, Min Min was shivering with cold while pulling a cart. He threw the rope to the ground and was reprimanded and whipped by his father. Lu Hua flew out with a crack, and his father knew that Min had been abused. Father wants to divorce his stepmother when he comes home. Shen Min knelt down and begged his father to forgive his stepmother, saying, "I am the only one who is cold when I leave my mother, and my three children will be cold when I divorce my mother." Father was very moved and obeyed him. When the stepmother heard about it, she regretted her mistake and treated him as a parent. Deer milk is a relative of the Spring and Autumn Period. My parents are old, suffering from eye diseases, and need to drink deer milk for treatment. He went into the mountains in deerskin, mingled with the deer, and milked them for his parents. When I was getting milk, I saw that the hunter was about to shoot a muntjac. Scorpion quickly uncovered deerskin and came out, telling the hunter that milking deerskin is the fact of treating parents. The hunter respected his filial piety and gave him deer milk as a gift to escort him out of the mountain. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Lao Laizi, a hermit of Chu State, cultivated himself in the southern foot of Mengshan Mountain in order to avoid the chaos in the world. He is filial to his parents and chooses delicious food for them. He is 70 years old and not old. He often wears colorful clothes and plays rattle like a child to make his parents laugh. Once he brought water to his parents and fell down when he entered the room. Afraid that his parents would be sad, he simply went to school on the ground. The children cried and their parents laughed. Yong Dong is said to be a native of Gancheng (now north of gaoqing county, Shandong Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The teenager lost his mother and moved to Anlu (now Hubei Province) because of desertion. Later, when his father died, Yong Dong sold himself to a rich family as a slave in exchange for funeral expenses. On my way to work, I met a woman in the shade and claimed to be homeless, so they got married. This woman knitted 300 pieces of brocade in January to pay off Yong Dong's debts. She went to Huaiyin on her way home. The woman told Yong Dong that she was the daughter of the Emperor of Heaven and was ordered to help Yong Dong pay his debts. Say that finish volley. So Huaiyin changed its name to Xiaogan. According to legend, Ding Lan was a native of Hanoi in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now north of the Yellow River in Henan). His parents died when he was young. He often misses his parents' upbringing, so he carved a statue of his parents out of wood. Everything is like life, and he negotiates with the wooden statue. He did not eat until he respected his parents three times a day. He must tell them before going out, and he must see them when he gets home, and he will never slack off. For a long time, his wife didn't respect the wooden statue very much, but curiously used the fingers of the wooden statue to acupuncture, and the fingers of the wooden statue actually bled out. When Ding Lan came home, she saw the tears in the eyes of the wooden statue and asked the truth, so she abandoned her wife. 10 is the servant of his mother Jiangge. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the state of Qi was Linzi. He lost his father and served his mother very filial. During the war, Jiangge fled behind his mother's back and met bandits several times. The thief tried to kill him. Jiangge cried: My mother is old and has no one to raise her. The thief saw his filial piety and couldn't bear to kill him. Later, he moved to Xiapi, Jiangsu, and worked as an employee to support his mother. He is poor and barefoot, and his mother needs a lot. When Ming Di was elected as Lian Xiao, Johnny was elected as the founder of Xianneng and served as the commander of the five senses. 1 1 Huai Ju was born in Huating (now Songjiang, Shanghai), a scientist in the Three Kingdoms period. At the age of six, he went to Jiujiang to see Yuan Shu with his father Lu Kang, and Yuan Shu took out oranges to entertain him. Lu Ji hid two oranges in his arms. When he left, the orange fell to the ground. Yuan Shu sneered: "When Lu Lang came to my house, did you have to hide his master's oranges when you left?" Lu Ji replied, "My mother likes oranges, and I want to take them back for her to taste." Yuan Shu was surprised to see that he knew how to be filial to his mother at an early age. After Lu Ji became an adult, he was knowledgeable and familiar with astronomical calendar calculation. He once wrote the map of the muddy sky, annotated the Book of Changes and wrote the Annotation of the Xuanjing. 12 buried his son in the Jin Dynasty (now Linxian County, Henan Province), saying that he was from wen county, Hanoi (now southwest of wen county, Henan Province), and his family was originally well-off. After his father died, he divided the property into two parts and divided it between his two younger brothers. He takes care of his mother alone and is extremely filial to her. Later, the family became poorer and his wife gave birth to a boy. Guo Ju is worried that raising the child will inevitably affect his mother's support. He discussed with his wife: "A son can have another one, but his mother can't be resurrected after death. It is better to bury his son and save some food to feed his mother. " When they were digging a hole, they suddenly saw a golden altar two feet underground, which read: "Guo Ju is a godsend, officials should not accept it, and people should not accept it." Husband and wife get gold, go home to honor their mother and have children at the same time. 13 pillow is warm and fragrant, born in Anlu, Jiangxia, Eastern Han Dynasty. When he lost his mother at the age of nine, his father was extremely filial. Fan a cool pillow for my father in cool summer; Warm my father's bedding with my body in cold winter. I learned a lot of classics when I was a teenager, and my literary talent was flying. In the capital, it is widely circulated that "a westward journey, a yellow teenager in Jiangxia". An Di (107- 125) was the satrap of Wei County (now Hebei Province) at that time. Wei County was flooded and tried his best to help the victims. He is the author of Jiugong Fu and Ode to the Crown of the Son of Heaven. 14 Cai Shun, a strange musical instrument, was born in Runan (now Henan) in Han Dynasty. He lost his father and his mother was very filial. At that time, it was the chaos of follwed, and there was a famine. Rice was expensive, so we had to adopt mulberry and mother to satisfy our hunger. One day, I happened to meet the Red Eyebrow Army, and the rebel soldiers sharply asked, "Why do you put red mulberries and black mulberries in two baskets?" Cai Shun replied, "The black mulberry is for my mother, and the red mulberry is for myself." The Red Eyebrow Army pitied his filial piety and gave him three barrels of white rice and a cow to take back to his mother as a token of respect. 15 Yongquan Yue Carp Jiang, a native of Guanghan, Sichuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty, married Ponzi. Husband and wife are filial, and their home is six or seven miles away from the Yangtze River. Ponzi often goes to the river to get the Yangtze River water that her mother-in-law likes to drink. Mother-in-law loves fish, and husband and wife often cook fish for her. My mother-in-law didn't want to eat alone, so she invited her neighbors to eat together. Once, because of the strong wind, Ponzi came home late to fetch water. Jiang suspected that she had neglected her mother and kicked her out of the house. Ponzi lived in a neighbor's house, worked hard day and night to spin and weave, and sent his savings to his neighbor to honor his mother-in-law. Later, my mother-in-law learned of Ponzi's dismissal and asked Chiang to invite him back. On Ponzi's way back to China, spring water suddenly gushed out of the courtyard, which tasted like the Yangtze River water, and two carp jumped out every day. From then on, Ponzi used these to worship his mother-in-law, so that he didn't have to go to the river far away. 16 Wang Pou, a native of Wei, Jin and Ling Ying (now southeast of Changle, Shandong Province), was well-read and versatile. His father Wang Yi was killed by Si Mazhao. He lived in seclusion as a teacher, and never spent his whole life facing the west. He said that he would never become a minister in A Jin. His mother was afraid of thunder before her death and was buried in the mountains after her death. Whenever he heard thunder in stormy weather, he ran to his mother's grave, bent down to comfort her and said, "Mom, this is your son. Don't be afraid." When he was teaching, whenever he read Guo E, he often burst into tears and missed his parents. 17 Mammy Bu Cuilan was born in Shannan, Boling (now Hebei) in the Tang Dynasty, and was named "Shannan" when she was an official in Shannan West Road. At that time, Cui Shannan's great-grandmother, Mrs. Sun, was old and lost her teeth. Her grandmother, Mrs. Tang, is very filial. After washing her hands every day, she goes to class to feed her mother-in-law. A few years later, Mrs. Sun stopped eating other meals and kept healthy. When Mrs. Sun was seriously ill, she called the whole family together and said, "I can't repay the kindness of the bride. I hope the bride's children and daughter-in-law will respect her as much as she respects me. " Later, Cui Shannan became a big official, and as expected, he addressed his grandmother, Mrs. Tang, as instructed by his grandson. 18 Wang Xiang, a native of Langya, lost his mother in his early years. Stepmother Zhu spoke ill of him many times in front of his father, which made him lose his father's love. When his parents were ill, he took off his clothes to serve them. His stepmother wants to eat live carp, and it's freezing. He unbuttoned his clothes and lay on the ice. Suddenly, the ice melted by itself and two carp jumped out. After eating, the stepmother really recovered. Wang Xiang lived in seclusion for more than twenty years, and later worked as a senior farmer and an ordinary magistrate from Wenxian County. 19 Wu Meng, a mosquito covered in blood, was born in Puyang, Jin Dynasty. He knew how to honor his parents when he was eight years old. The family is poor, there is no mosquito net, and mosquito bites keep my father awake. Every summer night, Martin always sits naked in front of his father's bed and lets mosquitoes bite him, instead of driving him away, for fear that mosquitoes will leave him to bite his father. 20 seize the tiger to save his father Yang Xiang in the Jin Dynasty. When I was fourteen, my father and I went to the field to cut rice. Suddenly, a tiger came running, threw his father down and took him away. Yang Xiang is unarmed. In order to save his father, regardless of his own safety, he quickly rushed forward and grabbed the tiger's throat with all his strength. The tiger finally put down his father and ran away. 2 1 crying bamboo shoots Meng zong, a native of Jiangxia, Three Kingdoms. His father died when he was a teenager, and his mother was seriously ill. The doctor asked him to make soup with fresh bamboo shoots. It was winter and there were no fresh bamboo shoots. Meng Zong had nothing to do, so he ran to the bamboo forest alone and held the bamboo to cry. After a while, he suddenly heard a crack on the ground and saw some tender bamboo shoots growing on the ground. Meng Zong was overjoyed and picked it back to make soup. After drinking it, his mother really recovered. Later, he became an official. 22. Gao Shi of Nanqi, also appointed as the magistrate of Yiling County. Less than ten days after taking office, I suddenly felt scared and sweaty. I had a premonition that something had happened at home, so I immediately resigned and returned to China. When I got home, I realized that my father had been seriously ill for two days. The doctor said, "To know the condition, just taste the patient's feces. It is bitter." Qian Lou went to taste his father's excrement and found it very sweet. He is very worried. At night, he bowed down to the Big Dipper and begged to die for his father. A few days later, his father died, and Qian Lou buried his father and raised him there for three years. 23 Zhu Shouchang, who abandoned his official position to find his mother, was born in the Song Dynasty. At the age of seven, his biological mother Liu was jealous of his first mother (his father's wife) and had to remarry. For fifty years, the mother and son have been out of touch with each other. During the reign of God, Zhu Shouchang was an official in North Korea. He used to write the Diamond Sutra and look for his birth mother everywhere. After getting the clue, he decided to give up his official position and go to Shaanxi to find his birth mother, vowing never to come back until he saw her. I finally met my biological mother and two younger brothers in Shaanxi. Mother and son get together and come back together. At this time, my mother was over 70 years old. Huang Tingjian, a famous poet and calligrapher, was born in Fenning (now Xiushui, Jiangxi) in the Northern Song Dynasty. Although he is in a high position, he still tries his best to serve his mother. He personally washes the drowning device (toilet) for his mother every night, and forgets his son's duties every day. & lt