Why does marine ecosystem play an important role in regulating global climate?

Compared with land, marine ecosystem regulates the global water cycle through evaporation, water vapor transport and precipitation, and promotes convenient water balance. The marine ecosystem can adjust the temperature, and the ocean can adjust the global atmospheric temperature by absorbing and releasing a lot of heat.

The ocean is the regulator of the earth's climate.

The climate on the earth is ever-changing, mainly due to the heating conditions of the atmosphere and the amount of water vapor contained in the atmosphere. We say that the heat on the earth comes from the sun, which is fundamentally correct. However, it must influence the temperature of the earth through the ocean as a "regulator".

Solar radiation is a kind of short wave radiation. When it passes through the atmosphere, only a small part is directly absorbed by the atmosphere, and most of it shines on the earth's surface, warming the earth's surface. When the earth's surface warms, it will emit radiation continuously. This radiation is different from the short-wave radiation of the sun. It doesn't shine, it only heats up. It belongs to long-wave radiation, also called thermal radiation. This radiant heat is easily absorbed by the atmosphere, so the temperature of the atmosphere rises. It can be seen that atmospheric warming starts from the bottom.

The ocean accounts for 7 1% of the earth's surface and is the main provider of atmospheric heat. At the same time, the heat capacity of seawater is much greater than that of air. The heat released when the seawater temperature decreases 1℃ can raise the air temperature above 3000 cubic centimeters 1℃. Seawater is a transparent fluid, and solar radiation can spread to deeper places, so that a fairly thick water layer stores heat. If the global surface seawater with a thickness of 100 m cools 1℃, the released heat can raise the global atmosphere by 60℃. Therefore, a large amount of heat energy accumulated in the ocean for a long time is a huge "boiler", which can continuously affect the weather and climate changes through energy transfer.

The water vapor in the atmosphere mainly comes from the ocean. This is because when seawater evaporates, it will bring a lot of water vapor from the ocean into the atmosphere, and the evaporation of the ocean accounts for about 84% of the total evaporation of the land surface. About 100 cm of water layer in the ocean is converted into steam every year, that is to say, 3.6 trillion cubic meters of water in the ocean is converted into steam every year.

As mentioned above, it is not difficult to see that the ocean is the main supplier of heat and water vapor in the earth's atmosphere. The thermal state and evaporation of the ocean directly affect the content and distribution of heat and water vapor in the atmosphere. So the ocean is the "regulator" of the earth's climate.