Who was the first scientist in the world to grade the wind in the Tang Dynasty?

Biography of Li in Old Tang Dynasty: Li was born in Yong (now Qishan Town, Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province) in the second year of Sui Renshou (AD 602). His father Li Bo was a county official in the Sui Dynasty. Because of his low rank, he abandoned his official position and became a scholar. His name is Huang Guanzi, and he notes Laozi. Therefore, under the influence of his father Li, he was known as a "prodigy" from an early age, especially fond of astronomy, geography, Taoism and the study of Yin and Yang. At the age of 9, he went to Jingyun Temple in Nantuo Mountain, Henan Province to worship Yuan Daochang as a teacher. /kloc-when he was 0/7 years old, he returned to his hometown, was recommended by Li Shimin's good friend Liu Wenjing, became a counselor in Li Shimin, and took part in the uprising against Sui and Xing Tang Dynasties. In 6 18, Li Yuan proclaimed himself King of Qin, and Li Wei, Minister of Qin, joined the army.

In the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627), Li took the assistant minister directly to Taishi Museum. In the Taishi Museum, which is in charge of astronomy, geography, calendar, and history revision, Li has made a series of achievements that make the historical stars shine for 40 years.

1. He improved the astronomical armillary sphere invented by Luo in Han Dynasty, and added the three rings of ecliptic, equator and white road (called the instrument in ancient times) to make astronomical observation more convenient and accurate. It was the most advanced astronomical observation instrument in the world at that time. All the weapons made after the Tang Dynasty are modeled after this structure, and now the ancient weapons copied by Nanjing Purple Mountain Observatory are also modeled after this structure.

2. Zhou Pian Jing and Gu Shi Jing, presided over by Zhao and annotated by Dr. Guo Xue and Wang Zhenru, assistant professor of imperial academy, were awarded national textbooks, which were the earliest mathematics textbooks in the world and had a great and far-reaching influence on oriental mathematics in later generations. China, Japan, Korea, Viet Nam and other countries have been used until modern times. Dr Needham called it "the greatest annotation of mathematical works in the whole history of China".

At the age of 3.25, he wrote to improve Wu Yinyuan's ceremony, and Emperor Taizong personally presided over the expert review, and finally adopted Li's seven suggestions.

4. When compiling Jin Shu Tian, he summed up that the tail of a comet "refers to the east in the evening, and refers to the west in the morning", which often turns away from the sun, more than 900 years earlier than the west. Known as "the treasure house of astronomical knowledge" by Needham, it has a far-reaching influence on the development of astronomy in later generations.

He collected nearly 40 years of astronomical observation and calculation results and compiled the Linde Calendar, which became his masterpiece in Taishi Bureau, and the artist called it Precision.

6. During his seclusion in Feng Chun Village, he observed the wind with his own "three-legged chicken weathervane", which was rated as Grade 8, thus becoming the first ancient scientist in the world to classify the wind. After 65,438+0,000 years, European talents refined it into 13 wind on the basis of the 8-level wind set by Li. Li has not only made outstanding achievements in scientific practice, but also made great achievements in writing books:

(1) At the age of 25, he wrote seven volumes of Faxiang Zhi, which was used for astronomical observation and calendar calculation.

(2) He compiled notes by imperial edict, such as The Book of Jin, Sui Shu and History of the Five Dynasties.

(3) he wrote "Yao Bo" and "play qi Yao Min book", etc.

(4) Co-authored TuiBei Map with Yuan Tiangang, which predicted historical events such as "Taiping Heavenly Kingdom", "Qing soldiers entering Shanhaiguan" and "Japanese invasion of China", and was praised as a wonderful work of ancient oriental prophecy;

(5) He was honored as a master of Feng Shui because of his book "The Book of Houses";

(6) Because of the book Liu Renyin Yang Jing, he was honored as the founder of Liu Ren;

(7) He compiled Yi Sizhan, the first astrological masterpiece in ancient China, which is known as the ancient astrological encyclopedia of China. It is a monograph on ancient meteorology, which has important cultural and scientific value.

(8) He became a Taoist classic and a Taoist celebrity in the Tang Dynasty because of his writing of "Golden Lock and Flowing Beads" and "Notes on the Three Seal Characters of Taishang Chiwen Cave God".

Therefore, in the Ming Dynasty, Yang Weizhen pointed out: "Those who know ancient and modern astronomical calendars should recommend Li first".

Because of Li's outstanding achievements and contributions, he was highly valued and promoted by san huang, Li Yuan, Li Zhi in the early Tang Dynasty.

He spent 48 years in court,