What do you think is the principle of turbocharging?

Built-in exhaust bypass valve (commonly known as actuator) is the most common pressure relief device in steam turbine system at present, also known as linkage exhaust pressure relief valve. The "actuator" is directly arranged on the turbine, and a connecting rod is used to control the valve in the exhaust of the turbine. Once the pressurization value at the compressed air end of the turbine reaches the limit level, the intake pressure will push the connecting rod of the "actuator" to open the bypass valve at the exhaust side of the turbine, and part of the exhaust gas will be directly discharged to the exhaust pipe without passing through the turbine wheel. In this way, the exhaust gas flow rate of "blowing" the turbine impeller is reduced, the rotating speed of the turbine impeller is reduced, and the rotating speed of the compressor impeller is reduced. Therefore, the "actuator" is not only a device to limit the maximum speed of the turbine, but also a device to keep the boost pressure at the inlet of the turbine at a stable value (not too high for a long time). External bypass valve External wastegate (commonly known as wastegate) is also called exhaust and pressure relief valve. Its function is basically the same as that of "actuator", but its structure and installation position are different.

Structurally, the wastegate eliminates the connecting rod and exhaust valve in the turbine. On the other hand, the wastegate is installed between the turbine and the exhaust pipe head in an independent way, instead of being attached to the turbocharger body like an actuator. Once the turbocharging value reaches the set upper limit, the "wastegate" will discharge the excess exhaust gas (which can be directly discharged into the atmosphere or led back to the exhaust pipe), reducing the exhaust gas flow that "blows" the turbine wheel, thus keeping the turbine at a stable turbocharging value. "Waste gate" has greater supercharging capacity (large spring) and sensitive response than "actuator", so it is more suitable for high horsepower or high supercharged turbine engines, especially for hybrid turbines with great differences, and it is a must-have item! The intercooler is located in the "cooling row" between the compressor outlet and the throttle valve. Its structure is a bit like a water tank, that is, many small flat aluminum tubes are used to divide the air, and then the cold air outside is used to blow the fins connected with the thin tubes to cool the compressed air, so that the intake temperature is close to normal temperature.