What is the substitute farmland system?
In the last years of Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to increase agricultural production, Zhao Guo was appointed as a captain of Sousu. Zhao Guo summed up and popularized the method of substituting farmland created by farmers during the check, that is, the cultivated land was divided into furrows (the same furrow, a small furrow in the field) and ridges, and the furrows alternated, and the furrows were one foot wide (about .694 feet in Chinese today), one foot deep and one foot wide. One acre is custom-made and six feet wide, which can accommodate three rows and three rows. Seeds sown at the bottom of the crop can be protected from the wind, which can protect the business. When the seedlings grow in the crop, they can also get and keep more water and grow healthily. During each intertillage and weeding, the soil on the ridge is hoed into the furrow together with the grass to cultivate the roots of the seedlings. In summer, the soil on the ridge is leveled and the furrows are flush, which makes the roots of crops deep, which can not only withstand drought, but also resist wind and prevent lodging. In the second year of farming, it was changed, with the original ridge as ridge and the original ridge as ridge, so that the land of the same plot was used in rotation along the ridge to restore soil fertility.
In the process of popularizing the land substitution method, Zhao Guo first ordered the divorced soldiers to experiment in the open space on the inner side of the outer wall of the palace. As a result, the yield of the land cultivated by the traditional method is generally more than one stone per Han mu (large mu, about .69 mu), and the good one can increase by two stones. Later, Zhao Guo ordered the senior agricultural workers to organize skillful slaves to make a large number of improved farm tools-coupled plows and plows, and also made the county magistrate, three elders, Litian and Li's elders in Guanzhong area understand the use of agricultural technology to improve farm tools, and learn the farming and seedling raising methods of the substitution field method, so as to promote it. In the process of promotion, it was found that some farmers could not farm in time due to lack of cattle, so Zhao Guo accepted the suggestion of former Pingdu Lingguang, so that farmers could organize themselves to pull plows by manpower by changing jobs or paying wages. Using this method, the group with more people can plough 3 mu a day, and the group with fewer people can plough 13 mu a day. Compared with the old method, the efficiency is greatly improved and more land is reclaimed. Later, the method of substituting farmland was not only used in Sanfu area, but also extended to Hedong, Hongnong, Northwest Border County and even Juyan, which all achieved the effect of improving labor productivity and increasing production.
the effect of land substitution method: "You get Gu Duo with less effort".