Ten wonders of China

Guiguzi can be said to be a well-known legend, even the first strange man in the history of China. Not only is he famous, but even his disciples, Su Qin, Zhang Yi, Sun Bin and Pang Juan, are quite famous figures in history. It is said that they stirred up the Seven Heroes of the Warring States at that time, and their ability was definitely one of the best.

Guiguzi, a famous Taoist priest in the Warring States period, is the work of Wang Xu, the originator of military strategists. "Guiguzi", also known as "the strategy of making love". It is said that it was compiled by scholars after Mr. Guigu according to Mr. Guigu's remarks. This book focuses on tactics and debating skills. There are fourteen guiguzi, thirteen of which have been lost. Military strategists' philosophy (represented by Guiguzi) is deeply influenced by Laozi's philosophy.

The Taoist thoughts of strategists are embodied in their social activities of "peace"; Under the guidance of Taoist thought, strategists strive to "change yin and yang" in order to achieve the goal of "defeating the strong with the weak". As a summary of the lobbying experience of strategists, Gui Guzi combines the essence of his lifelong academic research, and its value is self-evident. As a masterpiece of strategists, this book provides many references for future generations to understand the thoughts of strategists and Taoists.

2. Confucius

Confucius (September 28, 55 BC1year-April 479 BC 1 1 year), surnamed Kong, was born in Qufu, Shandong Province, and his ancestral home was Li Yi (now Xiayi, Henan Province). He was a famous thinker and educator in China. Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and was the founder of Confucian school.

Educated by Laozi, Confucius led some disciples around the world for fourteen years. In his later years, he studied six classics: Poetry, Shu, Li, Yue, Yi and Chunqiu. According to legend, he has 3,000 disciples, including 72 sages. After the death of Confucius, his disciples and their re-disciples recorded the words and deeds, quotations and thoughts of Confucius and his disciples, and compiled the Confucian classic The Analects.

In ancient times, Confucius was regarded as a "saint of heaven" and a "muduo of heaven". He was one of the most knowledgeable scholars in the society at that time, and was honored by the rulers of later generations as the saint, the most holy and the most holy teacher of Confucius, the master of Wang Xuan and the teacher of all ages. His Confucianism has a far-reaching influence on China and the world, and Confucius is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World". Confucius is regarded as the ancestor of Confucianism (non-Confucianism). With the expansion of Confucius' influence, Confucius' sacrifice once became a "great sacrifice" at the same level as the ancestor of God and country.

3. Jiang Ziya

Jiang Ziya (about1156-about10/7), a famous historical figure in China, was born in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty. Jiang's surname, Lu's surname, Shang, Ming Yi, Ziya, or Shan Huya, alias flying bear, was sealed in Lu because his ancestors assisted Da Yuping in water and soil, so he took Lu as his surname, also known as Lu Shang.

According to legend, when Jiang Ziya was 72 years old, he fished in Panxi River on the bank of Weihe River. He got to know Zhou Wenwang, who was thirsty for talents, and was named as a "Taishi" (the name of the military attache), known as "King Taigong", commonly known as Taigong, and was honored as a "Taishi Shangfu" by Zhou Wuwang. Jiang Ziya assisted King Wu in cutting the Zhou Dynasty and established the Zhou Dynasty for 800 years.

He was the founder of Qi, a businessman, the chief strategist and commander-in-chief of the King of Wu, the founding father of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the founder of Qi culture, and an outstanding strategist, strategist and politician with far-reaching influence in ancient China.

4. Sean

Sean (about 250 BC-65438 BC +086 BC), the duke of Yingchuan, was an outstanding counselor and minister in the late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty, and was also called "three outstanding heroes of early han dynasty" with Han Xin and Xiao He.

He knows the way of Huang Lao and doesn't want to stay in power. In his later years, he is said to have traveled with red pine. After Sean's death, he was named Wen Chenghou. Shi Hou specially recorded his life.

Liu Bang, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, commented on him in Nangong, Luoyang, saying, "My husband won a hundred battles thousands of miles away, and I am not as good as an ovary." It shows Sean's witty planning and literary skills. Later generations respected him for his excellent strategy and called him "seeking holiness"

5. Fan Li

Fan Li (536 BC-448 BC) was born in Wandi (now Taohe Township, Xichuan County, Henan Province) in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was a Huaxia nationality. A famous politician, strategist, economist and Taoist scholar at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. He made suggestions to help Gou Jian, the King of Yue, restore the country, and then disappeared. He is the author of two articles "Fan Li", both of which look terrible now.

Fan Li was an early Taoist scholar and one of the pioneers of Chu studies. Later generations honored him as "Shang Saint" and one of the "Five Saints of Nanyang". Although he was born in poverty, he was well-read and knowledgeable, and had a deep understanding and intersection of Chu Wanling's style of writing. Dissatisfied with the political darkness of Chu at that time, non-nobles were not allowed to enter the official, and they went to Yue to assist Gou Jian. Legend has it that he helped Gou Jian prosper the State of Yue and destroy the State of Wu. After his success, he retired under the pen name Yan Yizi Pi, roaming between the seventy-two peaks.

Later settled in Dingtao (now Dingtao District, Heze City, Shandong Province). During this period, he became rich in business for three times and dispersed his wealth, so he became Tao Zhugong. The reputation of the world: "loyalty is the country; Wisdom protects the body; Famous for being rich. " Many merchants in later generations dedicated his statue, called the God of Wealth. He is the great-grandson of Fan Wuzi, the ancestor of Fan's surname, and is regarded as the ancestor of Fan.

6. Zhuge Liang

Zhuge Liang, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, is well known. He is a strategist, strategizing and winning thousands of miles. He is resourceful and resourceful. For example, in the middle of the dragon, taking advantage of the east wind, Battle of Red Cliffs, taking four counties, attacking Jingzhou, leaving Qishan in six places, and capturing Meng Huo in seven places all flashed wisdom.

Zhuge Liang is also a politician who manages the country and keeps the country safe. As a great general, he insisted on the rule of law, helped Liu Bei to appease the people, showed his manners, appointed officials, followed the system of power, was sincere, acted fairly, paid equal attention to morality and prestige, and used Confucianism and law, which made immortal contributions to the establishment and consolidation of the Shu-Han regime.

Zhuge Liang is the representative of loyal ministers and wise men in China traditional culture. He devoted himself to his life and died.

7. Li Mi

Li Bi was a special figure in the middle Tang Dynasty. He experienced four dynasties: Xuanzong, Suzong, Daizong and Dezong, and was also a consultant to Suzong, Daizong and Dezong. During the Anshi Rebellion and subsequent turbulent years, he was far-sighted, took care of the overall situation, avoided disasters, and did a lot of work for the country to solve financial difficulties and stabilize the marginal areas, thus ensuring the stability and development of the Tang Dynasty. He is an outstanding strategist.

8. Zhao Pu

Zhao Pu, a good minister of Zuo Guo in the Northern Song Dynasty, moved Zhao Kuangyin with filial piety, and directed the drama "The Yellow Robe Joins the Body" with keen observation and bold resilience. He urged Taizu to go out in person and quickly put down many separatist regimes.

From the tumultuous disputes since the end of the Tang Dynasty, he clearly realized the danger of the buffer region and the addiction brought by the militaristic tactics, and put forward a series of improvement measures to the point, among which the right to release troops with a glass of wine is the best footnote. The third degree is the phase. It influenced the rule of the Song Dynasty for 300 years.

9. Liu Bowen

Liu Ji (1311July1375 May 16), a native of Nantian Township, qingtian county (now wencheng county, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province), was named Liu Qingtian. Ming Hongwu three years (1370), the name is Chengbo, so it is also called. In the ninth year, Wu Zongzheng granted a surname posthumously, posthumous title Wencheng, who was later called He Wencheng Gong.

From Yuan Dynasty to Shun Dynasty, scholars were promoted. Broaden the history of classics, especially the study of longitude and latitude, and people are better than Zhuge Liang. In the 19th year of Zheng Zheng (1359), Zhu Yuanzhang heard the names of Liu Ji and Song Lian and invited them. He wrote a book which expounded 18 current affairs strategies and was highly praised. Participate in planning and pacifying Zhang Shicheng, Chen Youliang and the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains. In the first year of Wu (1367), it was ordered by the official of Taishi and entered Wu Shen Dali. Please customize legislation to stop indiscriminate killing.

After Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor, he called for the establishment of a military defense law and invited Sue and his party. Try to remonstrate and build Fengyang as the capital. In the third year of Hongwu (1370), he was named Cheng Yibo in November, aged 240 stone. Four years, giving back. Liu Ji's hometown is out of sight, but he drinks and plays chess, and his words are not words. Looking for the old and regretting being entrusted by the left prime minister Hu,

He went to Beijing to apologize and stayed in Beijing, afraid to go back. He made a fuss and sent a doctor to visit him. In eight years, he sent envoys to protect his family and died in January. Liu Ji is proficient in astronomy, art of war and mathematics, especially in poetry. Poetry is simple and vigorous, and there are many works that attack the rulers' decay and sympathize with the people's sufferings. All the works are included in the Collection of Sincere Works.

Liu Jizuo and Zhu Yuanzhang are equal to the world. On the security of the world, righteousness lies in color. In case of emergency, he has the courage to work hard, and his plan has been made, which is beyond measure. Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly called Liu Ji: "My ovary is also." In the history of literature, Liu Ji, Song Lian and Gao Qi are called "the great poets in the third day of Ming Dynasty". China folk widely circulated that "the world is divided into three parts, and Liu Bowen is unified; Zhuge Liang, a former strategist, and Liu Bowen, a later strategist. He is famous for his clever calculation and strategizing.

10, Fan Wencheng

Fan Wencheng, who was born in Daming at first, was sworn by Nurhachi to return to the south and became a slave. When Huang Taiji ascended the throne, Fan Wencheng realized life, which was very insightful for politicians. Abide by Zunhua, break through the battle, and achieve remarkable results; It is essential to do the opposite; Persuading Xiang Mingjun is the first achievement. Later, he was reused by Huang Taiji and became the Minister of Brachial Joint.

Persuade the world, plan to take the Central Plains, prohibit foot soldiers from robbing the people, in order to collect the people's hearts, abolish the increase of land tax, accelerate the people's hearts, strive for the obedience and cooperation of Han ministers, and govern the people's hearts. Fan Wencheng, who fought for the Qing Dynasty, played an important role, not as good as Sean in Asiana and Liu Ji in Ming Dynasty.

In the fifth year of Kangxi (1666), Fan Wencheng died at the age of 70. Kangxi personally wrote a eulogy and was buried in Luohongshan, Huairou County. Emperor Kangxi personally wrote the words "Fu Yuan Peak" as his highest evaluation.

Extended data

1, China is a multi-ethnic country with Chinese civilization as its source, Chinese culture as its foundation and Han nationality as its main ethnic group. Commonly used Chinese and Chinese characters. The Han nationality and ethnic minorities are collectively referred to as the "Chinese nation", and they also call themselves descendants of the Yellow Emperor and dragons.

2. China is one of the four ancient civilizations in the world with a long history. About 5000 years ago, settlement organizations centered on the Central Plains began to appear, and thus a country was formed. After many ethnic blending and dynasty changes, a multi-ethnic country has been formed. After the Revolution of 1911 in the early 20th century, the imperial system withdrew from the historical stage, and the * * * and political power were established.

3. 1949 After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the people's congress system was established in Chinese mainland.

China has a vast territory and many nationalities. The Chinese nation in the pre-Qin period thrived in the Central Plains. In the Han Dynasty, the Han nationality was formally formed through cultural blending, which laid the foundation for the main ethnic group in China. Later, through blending with neighboring nationalities, the situation of a unified multi-ethnic country was gradually formed, and the population was also rising. The population of China in Song Dynasty exceeded 1 100 million, and that in Qing Dynasty exceeded 400 million. By 2005, the population of China has exceeded1300 million.

4. China's culture has a long history, profound and colorful. It is the cultural suzerain of East Asian cultural circle and occupies an important position in the world cultural system. Due to the differences in geographical location and natural conditions, humanities and economy also have their own characteristics. Traditional cultural and artistic forms include poetry, opera, calligraphy and Chinese painting, among which Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival are important traditional festivals in China.

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