Why is winter greater than Chinese New Year? Is there any basis?

"Celebrating the New Year in Winter" does not mean that it is more important than "Nian", nor is it a grand celebration of "Nian", but a winter festival, a warm-up festival before the Spring Festival, a dragon solstice festival and a sub-Nian festival. In ancient times, it was said that people who ate the winter solstice dinner would be one year older. The Annals of Xin 'an County (Shen Zhou was called Xin 'an County in ancient times) compiled in the 24th year of Qing Jiaqing said, "Everything will be fine from the winter solstice in November". During the busy farming season, from winter solstice to Spring Festival, most crops have been harvested. When people, livestock, fields and land are fallow, people have the custom of celebrating the harvest and preparing for the next year in this fallow season. Therefore, people who eat from winter to day and night are called "adding years". When Qingdao visited Lu Road, it was recorded that "winter is greater than years". Zhou Zundao's "The Leopard Hidden Mistakes" also said: "Wu customs attach importance to winter festivals, saying that winter is fat and the year is thin, and festivals are given to each other." The solstice in winter is called the four major folk festivals together with the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. Winter festivals can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,700 years ago. The winter solstice was determined in the ancient calendar of our country, which is the earliest festival among the 24 solar terms in a year. On the day of winter solstice, the northern hemisphere has the shortest day and the longest night. In addition, this day is the day when the sun germinates first, and winter is the day when spring ends. The ancients called it "winter solstice". In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, November is the first month, and the winter solstice is the beginning of the year. It used to be a lively period and was called "New Year's Day". The Qin dynasty followed its system, and the solstice in winter was also regarded as a small year. In the Han Dynasty, the solstice of winter was designated as the "Winter Festival", and the official held a congratulatory ceremony called "He Dong". This is a routine festival, and officials and people can go home thousands of miles to reunite and offer sacrifices to congratulate each other. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the solstice in winter was the day of offering sacrifices to heaven and ancestors. On this day, people thank God and ancestors for their protection, get a bumper harvest and a prosperous population, and pray for good weather and good years in the coming year. Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, once wrote a poem for the winter solstice: "When the weather is right, people will be urged every day, and the winter solstice will be sunny, and spring will come again." After thousands of years of development, winter solstice has formed a unique seasonal culture. The ancestors of Guangfu, Hakka and Chaoshan, who live in Shenzhen, are all from the Central Plains, so they have brought down the custom of the winter solstice festival, which has been passed down for hundreds of years: "Celebrate the New Year in winter". During the winter solstice in Shenzhen, the local people spread the custom of offering sacrifices to their ancestors. In addition to offering sacrifices, fruits and liquid medicine to every household, there are also ancestral temples and ancestral houses in villages with economic foundations, and the troupe is invited to set up a stage to perform for the gods. Xin 'an County Records written by Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. Custom ""On the solstice in winter, the ancestor worship must be to slaughter ducks, and the grave sweeping in Chongyang and Tomb-Sweeping Day are roughly the same as those in Jingchu. "In the past, people in Shenzhen slaughtered ducks on the solstice in winter, which was mainly caused by the production environment and living conditions at that time. Every year, when the summer harvest is sown, the villagers will go to the market to buy ducklings. When they were working in the fields, they came to the rice fields with farm tools on one side and dozens of ducklings in bamboo duck cages on the other. They go to the fields at sunrise and gather ducklings at sunset. After more than a hundred days, the duckling has grown into a big duck. " Ducks in the field eat cockroaches in spring and summer and rice in autumn, which makes them easy to get fat. There are many domestic animals and ducks in my hometown. "A Qing dynasty Qu Dajun, in the" Guangdong New Talk "made such a vivid description. Use fat duck, tender chicken and rice to make cakes and burn incense paper to worship ancestors. People pay homage to their ancestors through the winter solstice ceremony with the fruits of a year's labor. There is a local Hakka slang: "Spring sheep summer dog autumn duck winter chicken. "The grass is fresh and tender in spring, and the mutton is particularly fat and tender." Dogs are eaten all over the mountain in summer solstice. "Dog meat supplements the body and strengthens the waist, and no matter how far the mountain road is, it will not be afraid. Ducks in autumn and fat chickens in winter are particularly fat and delicious. In many places in the north, people are used to eating dog meat and mutton in parks on the solstice of winter. There are no sheep in Shenzhen and few people eat mutton, but dog meat is common, especially in Longgang, Baoan, Luohu and Nanshan. In the lunar calendar, "September 19th" in cold weather starts from winter solstice and ends in winter after 998 1 day. Eating dog meat often can cure diseases such as spleen deficiency, stomach cold, abdominal cold pain, knee and waist pain, enuresis and nocturnal emission. When the local custom says "selling quilts to eat dog meat", it certainly means that you can ignore the consequences of eating dog meat without a quilt cover. At the same time, you also think that eating dog meat can keep warm, and you don't need to cover the quilt when it is cold. It is said that the custom of eating dog meat on the solstice began in the Han Dynasty. According to legend, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, ate dog meat cooked by Fan Kuai on the solstice in winter, which was particularly delicious and full of praise. Since then, the custom of eating dog meat from winter solstice has been formed among the people. China has a vast territory and many ethnic groups, and its customs from winter to Japanese are diverse. In most places, whether rich or poor, jiaozi is an indispensable holiday feast from winter to Sunday every year. As the saying goes: "On 10/day, when the solstice of winter comes, every family will eat jiaozi. He also said, "We eat solstice wonton in winter and solstice noodles in summer." . "According to legend, during the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu in the north often harassed the frontier, including two leaders, Xiongnu and Tun. They are very cruel and hated by the people, so they wrapped them with meat stuffing, took the voice of Huns and village officials and called them "wonton" to eat, in order to quell the war. Because the day when wonton was originally made happened to be the solstice of winter, it formed that every household ate wonton on the solstice of winter. Hakkas in Shenzhen grow rice in the south, and eat rice instead of wheat flour, while jiaozi eats less wonton. However, grinding soybeans, making tofu, chopping meat and "making tofu" still celebrate the winter solstice like eating jiaozi wonton. In South Australia, Dapeng, Kwai Chung, Yantian to Shekou, Xixiang, Fuyong, Shajing, Songgang and other coastal villages and towns, there is still the custom of eating glutinous rice balls and red bean porridge from winter to the future. The folk song sings: "Every family makes dumplings knowing that it is the winter solstice of the Ming Dynasty. "In Jiangnan water town, there is a custom that the whole family get together to eat red beans and glutinous rice on the night of winter solstice. According to legend, there was a man named Gong whose son died in the winter of the solstice and became a plague after his death. But this kind of epidemic ghost is most afraid of red beans, so people cook red beans and glutinous rice in winter solstice to prevent disasters and get rid of diseases. I believe many people don't know the origin of eating red bean glutinous rice, and they don't know that there is a worker. However, people still keep eating red beans and glutinous rice porridge for nourishing the body and benefiting qi. In winter solstice, adults will be busy killing ducks, chickens, making cakes and offering sacrifices to gods. As children, our happiest thing is to "bake sweet potatoes" in rice fields. In winter, around the day, the rice fields harvested early are "ploughed in winter", and the dry north wind in winter also dries the ploughed adobe. Each of our peasant children brought a dozen sweet potatoes from home, went to the rice field and built a stove and kiln with several large baked bricks, then collected firewood and dried straw respectively, lit the baked bricks in the stove and kiln to make them red, then burned them into frost, raked out the burnt firewood in the kiln, put a dozen sweet potatoes into the kiln, and then stabbed the high-temperature mud bricks into the kiln to seal the sweet potatoes tightly. Everyone tells stories, jokes and sings folk songs around the sweet potato kiln. Ten or twenty minutes later, the sweet potato was baked and stewed. Everyone carefully peeled off the clods with branches, dug out the fragrant cooked sweet potatoes, peeled off the potatoes, and revealed golden yellow, soft and delicious sweet potatoes. Follow the saliva flowing out, "I was told the rate. "With one or two sweet potatoes, everyone took the ox and firewood and went home triumphantly. Then they wait for dinner, cook the winter solstice and have a big meal with their families.

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