Where are the four ancient temples in China?
1, qixia temple
Qixia temple is located at the west foot of Qixia Mountain in Qixia District, Nanjing, surrounded by mountains on three sides and the Yangtze River in the north. It is one of the four famous temples in China, the birthplace of Buddhism "Sanlun Sect", and the Buddhist center of China in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which is as famous as Jiming Temple and Dingshan Temple in the Southern Dynasties.
Qixia temple was founded in the seventh year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (489), where Liang Sanglang made great contributions to the three religions and was called the ancestor of the three religions in the south of the Yangtze River. Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, the emperor of Sui Dynasty, built stupas in eighty-three states, with Jiangzhou qixia temple as the head.
In the Tang Dynasty, it was called Gongde Temple, with a large scale. It was also called the four largest jungles in the world together with Lingyan Temple in Changqing, dangyang city, yuquan temple, and Tiantai National Temple in Zhejiang.
1in April, 983, qixia temple was identified as a key Buddhist temple in the Han area of China, and Qixia Mountain Branch of China Buddhist College was established in the same year. 1988 1 month, listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.
2. Xiaoguo Temple
The Imperial Palace is located in Chengguan Town, Tiantai County, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province. Founded in the 18th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (598), it was originally named Tiantai Temple. Later, it was renamed Xiaoguo Temple. The temple covers an area of 73,000 square meters.
Zhi Yue, a monk in Sui Dynasty, founded Tiantai Sect in the National Assembly Temple, which is the birthplace of Tiantai Sect in China and has far-reaching influence at home and abroad. When Jian Zhen crossed to the East, he made a pilgrimage to the Parliament Temple.
Japanese monks studying abroad went to Tiantai Mountain to learn Buddhist scriptures and learn Buddhism from Taoism. After returning home, they built Liyan Temple in Hiei Mountain, Japan, founded Tiantai Sect in Japan, and later revered the National Assembly Temple in Tiantai Mountain, Zhejiang as their ancestral home.
The existing buildings of Xiaoguo Temple were rebuilt in the 12th year of Yongzheng (1734). Xiaoguo Temple in Tiantai, Zhejiang, Lingyan Temple in Jinan, qixia temple and dangyang yuquan temple in Nanjing are also called the four wonders of China Temple.
There are many eminent monks in the temple, including Master Tang and his party, Hanshan, Shide and Jigong, as well as Master Kong Hai, the founder of Kaizong in Tomi, Japan, and the most sincere master of Kaizong in Japan.
In 2006, the National Assembly Temple was approved by the State Council as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
3. Lingyan Temple
Lingyan Temple, located in Wande Town, Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, is located in the northwest of Mount Tai, and is now an important part of Mount Tai's world natural and cultural heritage.
Lingyan Temple was built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Xiao Ming in the Northern Wei Dynasty was rebuilt in the first year of Zhengxing, and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty. There are pagodas and thousands of Buddhist temples.
Lingyan Temple is rich in Buddhism. Since the Tang Dynasty, it has been known as the "Four Famous Temples" in the world together with qixia temple in Nanjing, Congress Temple in Tiantai, Zhejiang, and yuquan temple in Jiangling, Hubei. Tang Xuanzang once lived in a temple to translate scriptures. Since Tang Gaozong, emperors of all dynasties have visited Mount Tai for meditation, and many of them have also visited this temple.
1982 the State Council announced Lingyan Temple as the second batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
4. yuquan temple
Yuquan temple is located at the east foot of Yuquan Mountain, 1/2 km southwest of dangyang city City, Hubei Province, with a central scenic spot of 8.9 square kilometers. According to legend, during the Jian 'an period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, monk Putin built a house here to live. In the Southern Dynasties, Emperor Xuan Di named Yuquan "Fuchuan Mountain Temple".
The Sui Dynasty was changed to "yuquan temple". Yuquan temple Daxiong Hall is the largest ancient building in the south of China. In front of the hall, there are more than ten large-scale Sui iron cultural relics; On one side of the temple, there is a statue of Guanyin, which was written by Wu Daozi, a painter in the Tang Dynasty.
The existing Yuquan Pagoda is of great value to the study of China's ancient metallurgical casting, metal anticorrosion, French architecture, architectural mechanics, casting and carving art, and Buddhist history.
Yuquan temple is one of the ancestral halls of Tiantai Sect, a holy place of Buddhism. It was once known as the "Four Wonders of the World" and "Three Famous Mountains in Chu" together with the National Assembly Temple in Tiantai, Zhejiang, Lingyan Temple in Changqing, Shandong and qixia temple in Nanjing, Jiangsu. 1982, yuquan temple and pagoda were listed as national key cultural relics protection units.
Extended data:
Architectural mode:
1, qixia temple
Qixia temple covers an area of more than 40 mu, with Pilu Hall and Tibetan Scripture Building, which serve the Third Hospital, rising step by step along the mountain, and the pattern is neat and beautiful. In front of qixia temple is an open green lawn, with a mirror-like lake and a crescent-shaped white lotus pond, surrounded by lush trees and flowers, and winding peaks in the distance. The air is fresh and the scenery is quiet and beautiful.
The main buildings in the temple are the mountain gate, Maitreya Buddha Hall, Pilubao Hall, Dharma Hall, Buddhist Hall, Buddhist Scripture Building, Jian Zhen Memorial Hall and the stupa. There is a monument to Amin Hui Jun in front of the temple, and there are many places of interest behind the temple, such as Thousand Buddha Rock.
2. Xiaoguo Temple
Congress Temple is an official building built in the early Qing Dynasty. Maitreya Hall and Yuhua Hall rest on the top of the mountain with a single eaves, and Daxiong Hall rests on the top of the mountain with a double eaves. Three temples, Luohan Hall and Zen Hall are typical southern hall buildings, while Miaofa Hall, abbot building and welcome tower are a combination of Chinese and western.
Kokuseiji is located on the mountain, one level high. More than 600 ancient buildings are arranged according to four north-south axes and divided into five longitudinal axes. From south to north, the main axis is Maitreya Hall, Yuhua Hall, Daxiong Hall, Pharmacist Hall and Guanyin Hall.
There are also the Release Pond, the Bell and Drum Tower, the Juxian Hall, the abbot building, three temples, the Miaofa Hall (the one above is the Sutra Hall), the Galati Hall, the Luohan Hall and the Cultural Relics Room. There is a bronze statue of Sakyamuni in the Ming Dynasty in the center of the Ursa Major Hall.
On the west axis are Anyang Hall, Sansheng Temple, Luohan Hall (Cultural Relics Room) and Miaofa Hall (upstairs is the Sutra Pavilion). The east axis is Juxian Hall, Abbot Building and Welcome Tower. East second axis is like a hall, a big church and a beautiful bamboo pavilion.
Behind the back wall of the statue, there is a group of Ci Hang Pudu sculptures centered on Guanyin statue, and there are 18 arhats carved by Nanmu in Yuan Dynasty on both sides of the hall. The buildings outside the mountain gate-Sui Pagoda, Pavilion, Zhaobi, which always holds the concept of education, Zhaobi, the ancient temple of Sui Dynasty, and the entrance of Xiaogu Temple, are all arranged along the terrain, and none of them are parallel or vertical, so they are naturally scattered everywhere, but they are very harmonious.
As soon as you enter the east-facing mountain gate, turn into the middle aisle. On both sides of the corridor are yellow low walls, the height is only 1.7 meters, and behind the low walls are dense bamboo forests. It constitutes an ancient architectural complex with a building area of 28,000 square meters, reaching 73,000 square meters and more than 8,000 houses.
3. Lingyan Temple
The temple is backed by mountains, which is called Xuanwu. The stream in front of the mountain can be called Suzaku, and the double bridge on the stream can play the role of gathering gas and stopping it. The whole temple is surrounded by mountains and waters, and yin and yang are negative, forming a pattern of four spirits and beasts consistent with the astronomical phenomena.
There is a cold current in the northwest of the temple, facing the stream, accepting the cool wind in the southeast, and the mountain gate faces east, with good light. The eight-character mountain range raised behind the temple eased the threat of mountain torrents to the temple.
4. yuquan temple
Yuquan temple Temple has cornices, arches and colorful paintings. In front of the temple, there are1500kg Sui iron pot, Yuan iron pot and Zhong, as well as the Guanyin stone statue painted by Wu Daozi, a painter in the Tang Dynasty.
There are cypress, ginkgo and osmanthus trees planted in the temple, which are fragrant all the year round. The spring in front of the temple is jingling and the sound is pleasant. On the left side of yuquan temple, there is Yuquan Tower, which was cast in the Northern Song Dynasty and all made of pig iron. It is the oldest tower in China.
Baidu encyclopedia-four famous temples
Baidu Encyclopedia-qixia temple
Baidu encyclopedia -kokuseiji
Baidu encyclopedia-lingyan temple
Baidu Encyclopedia-yuquan temple