What are the goddesses in ancient legends of China?
First, Nu Wa
Nu Wa, the ancestor of human beings in myths and legends. Legend has it that when human beings were born, she married her younger brother Fu and her younger sister. Later, they banned brother and sister from getting married and had a wedding. The most popular ones are Nu Wa and Goddess of Mending Heaven.
After Pangu created the world, there were no human beings in the world. There is a great goddess, Nu Wa, wandering in an empty land and feeling very lonely. One day, she came to the bank of the Yellow River, and when her heart moved, she mixed the water of the Yellow River with the loess by the river, and invented a clay figurine according to her own shape, giving the clay figurine an immortal breath. The clay figurine became a little thing that could walk upright and talk, and Nu Wa called it a human being. Nu Wa wants this creature to spread all over the world. She keeps pinching, but it works too slowly. Nu Wa found some grass, woven it into ropes, and covered the bottom of the Yellow River with mud, shaking it around, and the splashed mud became a villain. In this way, human beings were created by the great god Nu Wa. Nu Wa is very happy that there are human beings on the earth, but she thinks that living is death, and people cannot live forever. What should I do after these people die? I can't recreate people one by one! After repeated thinking, Nu Wa decided to divide human beings into men and women. Let them cooperate to create their own offspring and raise their own children. Nu Wa established the marriage system for mankind. Nu Wa also invented a sheng-reed musical instrument for men and women to play when they get married, so as to increase people's peaceful atmosphere and happy relationship between men and women. Therefore, people respect Nu Wa as the matchmaker, the goddess of media and the god of marriage.
According to legend, Water God * * and Vulcan Zhu Rong fought for the world, and there was a war. The fighting was fierce. * * * lost to Zhu Rong, and he fled to the west. In a rage, his head hit Zhoushan, which was originally a pillar of indomitable spirit. I was hit by a worker, and the noise broke in two. The sky immediately tilted to the northwest, revealing a sky. Nu Wa was heartbroken. She has no extra time to punish the perpetrators, so she must find ways to save mankind from the brink of extinction. First, she must fill the big hole in the sky. Nu Wa chose many colorful stones from rivers, made a fire, melted them into colloidal liquid, and filled the big hole in the sky with this liquid. After the hole was filled, she thought that the sky without Tianzhu might tilt or collapse again. She killed a giant turtle, cut off its four feet and made a new Optimus Prime, standing around the earth and supporting the sky like a tent. After solving the disaster in the sky, Nu Wa turned her eyes to the world again. First, she killed the black dragon who made an insurrection in Jizhou, cut off the source of the flood, deterred other poisonous snakes and beasts, and hid in the depths of the jungle, afraid to hurt human beings again. Then, Nu Wa used plant ash to suck up all the floods deposited on the earth-according to legend, today's fertile North China Plain is made up of these plant ash. Because of this catastrophe, the land of China has been high in the west and low in the east since then, and the sky has always tilted to the northwest. The sun, the moon and the stars naturally go west, and all the rivers flow eastward. The Yellow River and the Yangtze River have become the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. Nu Wa became the ancestor of mankind and the greatest contributor of the Chinese nation.
In China, there are many ancestral temples, Huang temples and Niangniang temples. In Shaanxi, there are the famous Wanrong Houtu Temple and Huozhou Huang Yu Temple. Xue Cun Niangniang Temple is magnificent, simple and elegant. Every year on the twelfth day of the third lunar month, the children in the village wear hexagonal wreaths of straw around their necks and flock together. In high spirits, accompanied by adults at home, they held flower buns in their hands, sent cangue to Nu Wa Niangniang, kowtowed and burned incense, and scrambled to light up the lamp wall, showing a beautiful scenery of human peace. Every year, the 10th day of the seventh lunar month is the gathering day of Niangniang Temple in Xue Cun. On that day, centered on offering sacrifices to the gods, there were gongs and drums competitions, social fire performances, spurs juggling, mule and horse meetings, and more than 10,000 businessmen and tourists from all over the world.
Second, Rezu
Li, also known as the daughter of Lei Zu, Lei Zu, Lei Zu, Silkworm God and Xiling. It was first discovered that silkworms can spin silk, which can be used to spin silk, and the clothes made are light and smooth. Yan presented silk to the Yellow Emperor on behalf of Xiling family. Seeing that the girl was capable and beautiful, the Yellow Emperor married her. Lei Zu's achievement is that he not only invented the technology of sericulture and reeling, but also taught the world how to be a man and created a large number of etiquette norms to help the Yellow Emperor govern the world, so that people in the world not only dress appropriately, but also respect each other's comity and social stability and harmony. Lei Zu gave birth to two sons for the Yellow Emperor, the eldest son Xuantao and the second son Changyi, whose grandson's name was Zhuan Xu. Zhuan Xu later succeeded the Yellow Emperor and became the master of the world and one of the five emperors. China is a country of silk. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, it spread to the West and other countries in the world through the Silk Road in the Western Regions. This is also the contribution of Lei Zu. Folk also called silkworm god horsehead god or horsehead empress. In addition to Lei Zu, the Yellow Emperor had three concubines, one _, more than two, and three concubines, also called Mo Mu. Ai is a famous ugly girl in legend, but she is very virtuous and virtuous. The Yellow Emperor ordered her to manage the harem, and she was a model of the harem. The four Empresses gave birth to 25 children for the Yellow Emperor. Among them, 14 sons got 12 surnames, including Ji, You, Qi, Ji, Knee, Zang, Ren and Xun. This 14 person has also become the ancestor of people with these surnames.
Third, Chang 'e.
Chang 'e, also known as Chang 'e, is the wife of a hero who shot at the sun in myths and legends. There is light in the sky and Guanghan Palace on the moon. There lived a fairy named Chang 'e in Guanghan Palace. Why does she live in Leng Yue World Guanghan Palace?
Chang 'e's husband injured Hebo, the god of the Yellow River, in the left eye with an arrow. Hebo complained to the Emperor of Heaven. Easy to be condemned by the jade emperor, not allowed to return to heaven. His wife Chang 'e had to stay on earth with Yi. Chang 'e is very dissatisfied with this matter, and Yi regrets his behavior. He thinks that people's life is limited and he knows nothing. The Queen Mother of the West was a fairy who lived on Kunlun Mountain and later married Dong. She is a kind and kind old lady. Her behavior touched the queen mother and gave her two pills. Yi returned home happily and planned to find an auspicious day to take the elixir of life with his wife Chang 'e, but Chang 'e missed the sky so much that she gave herself two pills, so she became lighter and slowly floated into the sky. Chang 'e was afraid that the gods in the sky would blame herself, abandoned her husband and dared not return to heaven. She went to the Guanghan Palace on the moon and changed from a beautiful woman to a toad, a toad on the moon. In the lonely and calm Guanghan Palace, only a Jade Rabbit and a guilty WU GANG were sent to the Moon Palace to cut down osmanthus trees. It is her own fault that Chang 'e stole the elixir. It's destiny takes a hand, it's not pathetic at all. Sadly, the hero went through all kinds of hardships to get the elixir, but he was heartbroken and separated.
Fourth, women are good.
A good woman, later called a good woman. Mother Xin, stepmother Xin. The first queen of Wu Ding, King of Shang Dynasty. The first female military strategist in the history of China.
When Fu Hao married Wu Ding, the northern frontier was invaded by foreign enemies. The generals and troops sent by Wuding lost one after another. The newly-married woman volunteered to lead the army to conquer. Wu Ding hesitated. Fighting on the battlefield is always a man's business. How can he let his new wife lead the troops to fight? But there is no effective assistant. Wu Ding used hexagrams to calculate divination, and the result of divination was good luck. Finally, he decided to let the queen and his wife go to war. Sure enough, Fu Hao took the lead in dispatching and commanding at the front line and quickly defeated the enemy. Wu Ding from now on to his wife sit up and take notice, named the woman as the commander-in-chief of the three armies of Shang Dynasty, leading the national military operations. Later, Fu Hao led the army to fight in the north and defeated the Turkish side and the ghost face in the north. Foreign countries in the south and Pakistan. He made immortal contributions to the expansion of the territory of the Shang Dynasty. In the battle with the ghost side, 13000 troops took advantage of the mountain situation to ambush, personally fought with the ghost leader, pretended to be defeated and fled, led all the other sides into the ambush circle, and then surrounded and killed all the enemies. This is the earliest recorded ambush in China's military history. It was directed by a woman. My wife died young at 33. Wu Ding was heartbroken, so he was reburied and built a memorial hall. 1976, the government of China discovered Fu Hao's tomb and unearthed 1928 funerary objects. Among them, there are 440 bronzes and 590 jades. There are inscriptions of women on bronzes. As a queen, Fu Hao may not be the most famous one in history, but as a queen and a military commander, Fu Hao is the first person in history.
Five, the legendary another goddess
1, Queen Mother of the West: also known as Golden Mother, Empress Dowager, Old Lady of the West and Queen Mother of the West. In Shan Hai Jing, she is a monster with a leopard tail and tiger teeth and a nice voice. Mu's story is an elegant and peaceful woman who can sing and dance well. There is a goddess in Hanwu Biography who is about thirty years old and looks peerless. In the miraculous legend, it is said that her spouse Dong meets once a year. In the play, she is called Yao Chi Jin Niang. When the flat peach is ripe, there will be a big birthday party, and all kinds of immortals will celebrate her birthday. In the old society, people regarded the Queen Mother of the West as a symbol of immortality.
2. Sun God and: The wife of human ancestors gave birth to ten suns, which is called the sun god. Yao ordered the archer Houyi to shoot down nine suns, leaving only one in the sky. People in Xiangling area of Pingyang county call the sun a crow's nest to commemorate the achievements of Emperor Yao.
3. Chang 'e, Moon God: Chang 'e, also known as Chang 'e. The second wife of Di Ku, the ancestor of mankind, gave birth to twelve moons, called Luna and Luna. Changyi is famous for taking advantage of the moon's yin, new moon, chord and gaze. The story of Chang 'e later came from the story of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon.
4. Nine Days Xuan Nv: Also known as Xuan Nv, the Queen of Nine Days. The ancient Taoist goddess, with a bird's head and body, was a disciple of the Virgin Yuan Jun and a teacher of the Yellow Emperor, who helped him defeat Chiyou.
5. On the goddess show: Yan, on the show. The daughter of the Yellow Emperor, as long as she appears, will cause a great drought in the world. Her appearance is no different from that of ordinary women, but she has no hair on her head, which is why she is bald-naked. She helped her father, Huangdi, defeat Chiyou and Ying Long, and made great achievements. But because she took part in the battle, she could never go back to heaven. It hasn't rained where she lives for years. But how can the world tolerate this goddess of drought? People hate her and drive her away. The Yellow Emperor had to put her in the desert area north of Chishui and forbid her to run around.
6. Jiumu: an ancient superstition legend, the goddess who can bless the son of life. On April 8, Changsha's fairy dream was upgraded. There are nine mothers in the temple pavilion. Those who have no children in Japanese shops burn incense and kowtow, and offer pancakes to beg their children.
7. Jingwei Reclamation: According to legend, Emperor Yan had a daughter named Nuwa, whom Emperor Yan loved very much. One day, the girl went to the East China Sea to play and unfortunately fell into the sea and was killed. Because she hated the sea for taking her life, her soul turned into a bird, and from then on, she kept filling the East China Sea with stones and leaves, and she also gave a cry of Jingwei, so people called this bird Jingwei. Later generations have jingwei to fill the sea, and they are happy to dance in the fields, and their aspirations will last forever. Celebrate their courage, ambition and strength.
8. Maya: Buddha Sakyamuni's biological mother, transliteration: Maya. Free translation is a great illusion and a great skill. Daughter of sensible elders of Sakyamuni people in Tianbei City. Marry king suddhodana, become a queen, and die on the seventh day after giving birth to Buddha. When the Buddha died, Mrs. Moyev specially rushed to the crematorium from heaven. When the Buddha heard that his mother was coming, he sat up from the golden coffin and spoke for her as a sign of filial piety.
9. Three girls: Xiao Yun, Xiao Qiong and Bixiao. Three sisters in Sanxian Island. Marshal's three sisters are brothers and sisters with Jiang Ziya and Shen. After the death of the three sisters, Jiang Ziya made them gods of the three girls, and they blended with each other, that is, the net fight between the human beings. All births between mortals are from now on. Many villages in our country have Sangu Niangniang Temple.
10, Deer Fairy: Tang Yao's wife. According to legend, in the fairy cave of Gushe Mountain, west of Pingyang, there is a bridal chamber where Yao and Lu Xian got married, and the night of flowers and candles in the bridal chamber has been passed down to this day, which is talked about by people.
E Huang and Nv Ying: two beautiful daughters of Tang Yao and Lu Xian. At the same time, the two sisters married Yu Shun as their concubine, then traveled to Shun Di and died in Cangwu. They rushed to the south, heartbroken and died between Jiang and Xiang. Mrs. Hexiang in Qu Yuan's Nine Songs refers to these two sisters. When mourning, the two sisters shed tears on the bamboo, leaving a beautiful variety of torreya grandis. Later, the two sisters were called the goddess of ringing water. According to legend, E Huang and Nv Ying visited the beautiful Jiuse Spring in Xue Cun before their marriage. Seeing the clear spring in Xue Cun irrigating the fields and enriching the people, they built E Huang Spring for neighboring Jingcun and Nv Ying Spring for xiyang village. I knew from an early age that I would benefit my hometown, Ziqi, which is the merit of the education of Yao Wang and Deer Fairy.
12, Yi: Empress, the mother of Qi, also known as Taiyi, was a good wife and mother in ancient China.
Yu Xia is the ancestor of water control in the history of China. Dayu has been running around in recent years to control floods, and their families have made great sacrifices for this. Dayu married Tushan's wife. Just three days after marriage, she left the bride in charge of the water. He ran around all day and didn't enter the house three times in nine years. His wife wants to see her husband day after day and year after year, but he is not sad in Qian Fan after all. But he was in tears and touched countless people, so people set up a stone in the river, Chongqing Chaotianmen Foreign Minister. Si gave birth to a son for Dayu, named Qi, which means to open. Xiangxiangfujiaozi was a good wife and mother in ancient China. Yuchuan is located in Boyi. After Qi grew up, Boyi was replaced by Xia, the first dynasty in China history. The abdication system was replaced by the hereditary system. Qi Jian is the capital of Xia, which is now Anyi, Xia County, Shanxi Province.