What are the traditional customs on the solstice this winter?
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The traditional custom of offering sacrifices to the sun in winter is the day of offering sacrifices to heaven and ancestors. On this day, the emperor will hold a worship ceremony in the suburbs, and the people will worship their parents on this day. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the emperor had a ceremony to worship the sky, which was called "the sky in the suburbs from winter to Japanese". There was a ceremony in the palace where hundreds of officials congratulated the emperor. They also threw thorns at each other to congratulate each other, just like the New Year.
He Dong's Book of the Later Han Dynasty Etiquette: "Before and after the Winter Solstice, a gentleman is safe in the world, and a hundred officials do nothing." We should also choose "able people", beat drums and sheng, and play "Huang Zhong Lv" to celebrate. Therefore, on this day, the imperial court will have a holiday and rest, and relatives and friends will give each other delicious food, visit each other and happily live a "quiet life" festival.
Pray for "Li Zhouguan's pure application": "With the arrival of winter, gods and ghosts." The purpose is to pray and eliminate the epidemic in the country and reduce famine and people's deaths.
Eat the jiaozi proverb: "1 October1day, when winter comes, every household eats jiaozi." This custom was left in memory of Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", who gave up medicine during the winter solstice. According to legend, when Zhang Zhongjing, a medical sage, retired to his hometown and returned to Nanyang, it was the snowy winter. He was very sad when he saw that many people's ears in Nanyang were frozen rotten. He asked his disciples to set up a medical shed in Guandong, Nanyang. They cooked mutton, pepper and some herbs for dispelling cold in a pot, took them out and chopped them up, imaged their ears with leather bags, and then put them down in the pot to make a medicine called "soup for dispelling cold and correcting ears" for people to eat. After eating, the villagers' ears were cured. Later, on the solstice of winter, people imitated cooking food, thus forming the custom of eating jiaozi.
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In the past, there was a proverb in old Beijing, "Eat solstice wonton in winter and solstice noodles in summer". According to legend, during the Han Dynasty, Xiongnu in the north often harassed the frontier, and the people were restless. At that time, there were two leaders of Xiongnu tribe and Tun tribe. They were very cruel. People hate it, so they wrap it in a corner with meat stuffing and call it "wonton" with the sound of "mud" and "tun" Hate eating, seek to calm the war and live a peaceful life. Because wonton was originally made on the winter solstice, every family eats wonton on the winter solstice.
It is said that the custom of eating mutton in winter began in the Han Dynasty. According to legend, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, ate mutton made in Fan Kuai on the solstice of winter, which was particularly delicious and full of praise. Since then, the custom of eating mutton from winter solstice has been formed among the people. Nowadays, people eat mutton and various nourishing foods one after another on the solstice of winter, so as to bring good omen for the coming year.
Tangyuan Tangyuan is a necessary food in winter solstice. This is a round dessert made of glutinous rice flour. "Round" means reunion and perfection, and jiaozi eaten in winter solstice is also called "jiaozi in winter solstice". The ancients had a poem saying: "Every family beats rice to make glutinous rice balls, which shows that it is the winter solstice of the Ming Dynasty." As the saying goes in southern China, "Winter Festival is as big as a year" and "Winter Festival has not returned to our ancestors". This means that people who go out must go home to worship their ancestors on the solstice in winter anyway, otherwise they will have no concept of ancestral home. Compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait attach great importance to the winter solstice and regard it as a festival of reunion.
Jiangnan rice is in Jiangnan water town. On the night of winter solstice, the family get together to eat red beans and glutinous rice. According to legend, the family members of Gonggong are all gifted scholars. However, the ghost of the epidemic is most afraid of red beans, so people cook red bean rice in winter solstice to resist the ghost of the epidemic and prevent diseases.
There is a proverb in Gusu area: "The solstice in winter is like the New Year". Traditional Gusu people will drink winter wine on the night of winter solstice. Winter wine is a kind of rice wine, which is brewed with osmanthus flowers and has a pleasant aroma. Gusu people will drink winter wine on the night of winter solstice, and also eat all kinds of braised beef and mutton. In the cold winter, winter brewing can not only drive away the cold, but also entrust the people of Gusu with their good wishes for life.
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Jiangxi Mazi Mazi is a specialty of Zhejiang and Jiangxi, a traditional snack of Fujian people, and a sacrifice of Fujian people. Hemp is suitable for steaming, frying, roasting and sand frying after being dried in the shade. The crispy rice is sweet and delicious, and it is resistant to hunger after eating. It has a sweet and smooth taste. It is soft, tough and a little icy. The finished product is bright white, smooth, tough and transparent.
Glutinous rice cakes in Taiwan Province Province and Taiwan Province Province in China Province still maintain the tradition of worshipping ancestors with nine-layer cakes. Glutinous rice flour is kneaded into chickens, ducks, turtles, pigs, cows, sheep and other animals symbolizing good luck, and then steamed in layers in a steamer to sacrifice ancestors to show that they will not forget them.
Giving shoes and hats on the solstice of winter, people have the custom of giving shoes. "China Ancient and Modern" said: "There were embroidered mandarin ducks and embroidered shoes in the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Zhao ordered his aunt to go to the winter solstice." With the passage of time, the custom of giving shoes to uncles and aunts has gradually evolved into giving shoes and hats to nephews and nephews. In ancient times, hand embroidery was for women. Most shoes are embroidered with flowers and birds, and most hats are made into phoenix shapes. For men, the embroidery on shoes is mostly a beast, and the hat is also a tiger.
Winter ice in Tibet is widely used for preservation and medicine. In the north, ice is usually stored around the winter solstice. People cut ice from the river with iron brazing, which is more than one foot wide and more than two feet long. It is called a square. On the solstice of winter, ice cubes will be stored in the cellar, sealed tightly, and all kinds of fresh fruits will be hidden. After spring, they will be taken out and sold in the market, and the color is just like that just picked from the tree. Residents along the southern coast are also used to repairing ice houses in winter and storing ice cubes to keep fish fresh when fishing in the coming year.
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