What do you mean by five words and seven laws?
Poetic meter
Five-character rhyme has eight sentences in each sentence, five words in each sentence and forty words in each sentence. Generally speaking, every sentence is bound with rhyme (the first sentence can be bound or not), and the rhyme is at the end and cannot be changed.
These four verses all have a specific name. The first couplet is called the first couplet, the second couplet is called the platoon couplet, the third couplet is called the neck couplet and the fourth couplet is called the tail couplet. Parallel couplets and neck couplets must be opposite, and the first couplet and the last couplet can be right or wrong. Different from the seven laws, the first couplet of the five laws uses antithesis, mainly because the first sentence of the five laws does not rhyme much, and the first sentence of the seven laws does not rhyme much. But this reason is not absolute. In the case that the first sentence rhymes, there are still examples of antithesis in the first couplet.
There are four basic sentence patterns in the Five Laws:
Flat and flat (up and down);
Flat and flat (flat and flat);
Flat and flat (flat and flat);
It is flat (flat and peaceful)
These four sentence patterns are the basis of the change of the flat and flat format of the rhythmic poem, and constitute the four basic formats of the five-character rhythmic poem.
The first format: the first sentence begins with rhyme (note: 0 means even number, even number; Rhyme needs to be flat. In the form of five-character rhyme, the first sentence does not rhyme, and it is common to pucker up. )
Very flat, very flat, very flat.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Example:
Inscription of Xu Hun's Autumn Tour Tongmen Inn in Tang Dynasty
Maple trees rustle in the autumn night; After a night at Tongguan Station, I got my own bouquet.
A few residual clouds gathered on the towering Huashan Mountain; Sparse autumn rain falls on Zhongtiaoshan Mountain range.
With the extension of Tongguan Mountain, remote viewing of tree colors; The Yellow River flows into the sea.
Tomorrow, we can reach the prosperous capital Chang 'an. I am still at ease with the dream of fisherman and woodcutter!
The second format: the first sentence doesn't rhyme.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Example:
Du Fu (Tang Dynasty)
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
The bald head has become shorter, and there is no room for hairpins.
The third format: the first sentence enters the rhyme level.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Example:
Li Shangyin in the Late Qing Dynasty (Tang Dynasty)
A person lives in seclusion, overlooking the city, spring is gone, summer is clear.
The grass was drowned by the rain and finally got the love of God. The rain was sunny.
Climbing on the high shelf, overlooking the distance, the sky is high and the afterglow of the sunset passes through the window lattice.
Birds' nests have been dried, and their bodies are light again.
The fourth format: the first sentence doesn't rhyme.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Example:
Autumn night in the mountains (Tang) Wang Wei
The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night.
The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.
The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe.
Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.
Seven-character poem is one of China's modern poems. The meter is very strict Shen Yue's new-style poems originated in the heyday of Qi Yongming in the Southern Dynasties, paying attention to rhythm and duality. They were further developed in Shen Quanqi and Song in the early Tang Dynasty and matured in Du Fu. Rhythm requires the unity of the number of words in poetry. Rhythm consists of eight sentences, and seven sentences are called seven-character verse. Each song has eight lines, seven words in each line, and every two lines are connected, which is divided into four parts: the first part, the parallel part, the neck part and the tail part.
Poetic meter
Eight sentences, seven words each, * * * 56 words. Generally speaking, every sentence is rhymed (the first sentence can be bet or not), and the rhyme remains unchanged at the end.
These four verses all have a specific name. The first couplet is called the first couplet, the second couplet is called the platoon couplet, the third couplet is called the neck couplet and the fourth couplet is called the tail couplet. According to the regulations, parallel couplets and neck couplets must be opposite, and the first couplet and the last couplet can be right or wrong.
There are four basic sentence patterns in the Seven Laws:
Flat and flat (the last word is flat and flat, called flat and flat feet);
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat;
Flat and flat (the last word is awkward, called awkward feet);
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
These four sentence patterns are the basis of the change of the flat and flat format of the regular poem, and constitute the four basic formats of the seven-character regular poem.
(Note: 0 means even number)
The first format
Change the first sentence to rhyme.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Example:
On Nanjing's Landing on Phoenix Terrace (Li Bai)
There used to be a phoenix on the phoenix platform, and the phoenix went to Taiwan, only Jiangdong returned.
Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine.
Three mountains and a half fall outside the blue sky, and Egret Island is wet.
There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it.
The second format
Stand up. The first sentence doesn't rhyme.
Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Example:
Enjoy Lotte Yangzhou (Liu Yuxi)
The mountains were desolate and silent for twenty-three years.
People come back. Like people in Michelle, I can only play the flute, and I am disappointed.
On one side of the boat, Qian Fan races; At the head of the sick tree, every year is a spring shower.
Today, listen to you sing a song, drink a glass of wine and cheer up.
The third format
Rhyme the first sentence.
Flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat flat.
Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain.
Example:
Shuxiang (Du Fu)
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister? It is in a deep pine forest near the Silk City.
The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves.
The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations.
But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats.
The fourth format
The first sentence doesn't rhyme
Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Plain, plain, plain.
Example:
The banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army (Du Fu)
The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
And loud my songs and deep my drinks, Qingshan is a good companion to go home.
That is, from the dam to Wuxia, from the south to the north-to my own town! .
Four lines and five words of ancient poetry
Abbreviation of Five Wonders is a kind of modern poetry that appeared in Han Dynasty and matured in Tang Dynasty. Four sentences, five words each. Five-sentence poem is considered as the most difficult genre to write in modern poetry at present, because it has the least number of words and cannot express too many meanings, so it should be concise.
Brief introduction of poetic style
Five-character quatrains are a kind of quatrains, which belong to the category of modern poetry. Quatrains, or truncated sentences, broken sentences, short sentences; Or think that the "half-cutting method" is sung for fun, and the explanation is inconsistent. The quatrains are composed of four sentences, which have strict metrical requirements. Common quatrains include five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains, while six-character quatrains are rare. A five-character four-sentence poem that conforms to the standard of metrical poetry is called a five-character quatrain, which is referred to as the five-character quatrains for short.
Judging from a five-character poem named Jueju written by Northern Zhou poet Yu Xin, the five-character Jueju was not created by the Tang Dynasty poet, but its stylistic form was at least formed at the end of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. "After years of travel, I have a lot of feelings. Recently, I learned Hengyang geese and crossed the river in the autumn equinox. " This is one of Yu Xin's "Three Masterpieces of He Kan". This poem is straightforward and completely in line with the rules of the Tang Dynasty. The second sentence rhymes with the fourth sentence, and the first sentence rhymes with the third sentence. The title of this poem is Jue. But before the Tang Dynasty, there were not many such neat five-character quatrains. It was not until the early Tang Dynasty that modern poetry was produced, and the five-character quatrains gradually improved and finalized. Previously, five-character poems were generally called "five-character ancient poems" or "five-character poems".
Due to the limitation of words, compared with other systems of poetry, five-character quatrains require more conciseness and generalization in language and expression, and are more difficult to create. Zhang Qianyi summed it up with the words "short and long, especially difficult to get into the wonderful". Therefore, the five-character quatrains have naturally become the most dazzling pearl in the poetry of the prosperous Tang Dynasty and the essence of Tang poetry.
The starting point of the Five Musts was relatively high in the early Tang Dynasty, such as "Four Masters in the Early Tang Dynasty" and Song Wenzhi. Among them, Wang Bo's Five Musts was praised by Shen Deqian as "the beginning of sound" because of his indecision. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, a large number of literati, such as Cui, Meng Haoran, Chu Guangxi and Zuyong, further promoted and improved the five-character poems. Among them, Wang Wei and Li Bai pushed the creation of five-character poems to the extreme, and the development of five-character poems reached the peak of prosperity.
Five-character quatrains, also known as five-character quatrains, have four common formats. (Ф means fairness or equality)
1, gouge out (that is, the first sentence gouge out without rhyme), such as:
〈〉〉〉
be plain and simple
Zero order, flatness and uniformity
It is flat.
Example:
At Heron Mountain Villa (Wang Zhihuan)
The white sun sets behind the mountain.
And oceans drain the golden river.
In order to take in everything at a glance
Walk up a flight of stairs
The so-called "threshold" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "late" belongs to a purr, and the last word "shun" is also a purr, which means "pucker up and close up" Two or four sentences rhyme. Generally speaking, it is common that the first sentence of five-character poems does not rhyme, and it is also common that the first sentence of seven-character poems rhymes.
2, flat (that is, the first sentence is flat into the rhyme) such as:
It is flat.
be plain and simple
Zero order, flatness and uniformity
It is flat.
Example:
Sai Qu Xia (Lulun)
Dark Woods and grass frightened by the wind
At dusk, the general drew his bow.
Looking for white feathers at dawn
The arrow sank into a crack in the flint.
The so-called "flat income" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "dark" is flat sound, and the last word "wind" is flat sound, which means "flat". One, two and four sentences rhyme.
3, flat tone (that is, the first single tone without rhyme) such as:
Zero order, flatness and uniformity
It is flat.
〈〉〉〉
be plain and simple
Example:
Yeshan Temple (Li Bai)
Its tower is one hundred feet high.
Hands can pick stars.
Not sensitive to talking loudly.
In case we disturb the people above.
The so-called "flat set" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "floor" is flat sound, and the last word "ruler" is flat sound, which means "opening and closing" Two or four sentences rhyme.
4, flat (that is, the first sentence rhymes with flat), such as:
be plain and simple
It is flat.
〈〉〉〉
Flat and light.
Example:
Listen to the drums (Li Shangyin)
The sound of overlapping bones on the head of the city
Qingjiang river in the sunset.
Want to invite Yu Yang to mix?
When you are unfair.
The so-called "flat income" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "head" is a flat sound, and the last word "sound" is also a flat sound, which means "upper level and lower level". One, two and four sentences rhyme.
Seven-character quatrains, also known as seven-character quatrains, are a kind of quatrains and belong to the category of modern poetry. The quatrains are composed of four sentences, and the metrical requirements are strict, with seven words in each sentence.
Generally speaking, the first two or four sentences are homophonic; The third sentence rhymes differently. The penultimate word in the second sentence is usually a conjunction; The whole poem has lofty artistic conception, elegant language and profound meaning.
There are four common formats of seven-character quatrains.
1, flat and even (that is, the first flat and even rhymes), such as:
Zero order, zero order
Just plain, just plain.
Flat and uniform
Zero order, zero order
Example:
Baidicheng (Li Bai) was released in advance.
At dawn, I left the White King City which stood in colorful clouds.
Down the river again, a thousand miles a day to Jiangling.
The screams of monkeys on both sides of the strait
When my boat left behind ten thousand mountains.
The so-called "flat income" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. "Word" belongs to Pingsheng, and the last word "sword" is also Pingsheng, in order to "flatten out". One, two and four sentences rhyme. Generally speaking, it is common that the first sentence of five-character poems does not rhyme, and it is also common that the first sentence of seven-character poems rhymes.
2, flat and clear (that is, the first sentence flat and flat does not rhyme) such as:
Pingping pingping
Just plain, just plain.
be plain and simple
Zero order, zero order
Example:
Reading Fan Zhineng at night (Lu You)
Gongqing has a platoon in Zongze.
Nobody uses Yue Fei.
Old people should not know this hatred.
Take off your clothes on history day, too
The so-called "flat set" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "Qing" belongs to the flat tone, and the last word "Xu" was also an entering tone in ancient times, belonging to a Xu tone, in order to "balance and collect" Two or four sentences rhyme.
3, flat and even (that is, the first sentence is flat and even into the rhyme), such as:
Just plain, just plain.
Zero order, zero order
Pingping pingping
Just plain, just plain.
Example:
Tai Su Gu Lan (Li Bai)
Yang Liuxin Huangtai Old Garden
Soul songs can't be sung in spring.
Today, there is only Xijiangyue.
According to people in the martial arts palace,
The so-called "flat income" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "Yuan" is a flat tone, and the last word "Xin" is a flat tone, which means "flat and flat". One, two and four sentences rhyme.
4. If the beginning and the end (that is, the first sentence does not rhyme), such as:
Flat and uniform
Zero order, zero order
Pingping pingping
Just plain, just plain.
Example:
Jueju (Du Fu)
Two orioles are singing on the green willow.
Egrets line up into the sky.
My window framed the snow-covered western hills.
My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
The so-called "threshold" refers to the first sentence. Because the first word of the first sentence is not limited to the level, but also the level of the second word. The word "Ge" belongs to the sound of puckering, and the last word "Liu" also belongs to the sound of puckering, which means "puckering". Two or four sentences rhyme.