Why did it snow in June 1816, and the climate changed greatly?

In 1816, the twenty-first year of Qing Jiaqing. In this year's lunar calendar in June and July, snowflakes floated on the day that should have been very hot, and the wind was cold. What is the reason?

The winter of p>1815 is almost over, and the busy spring ploughing season is coming soon. It should have been a scene full of spring. However, the weather has changed a little. It is reasonable to say that the weather should have started to pick up in February and March of the lunar calendar in 1816, but the cold winter seems to have no meaning in the past. The river is still frozen and the snow has not melted. This situation has been going on for a long time, and it has not improved in June and July.

people often say? In June, it snowed. Dou E was wronged? The ancients didn't understand why the climate was so abnormal, they just thought that God was going to punish them again.

Today, advanced science can reveal the answer for us. No matter how long that event is, as long as there are some clues, it is possible to restore the scene at that time.

According to historical records from all over the world, China, North America and Europe were also faced with severe climate change that year, and the cause of all this was the eruption of Mount Tambora in 1815.

Tambora volcano is located in the north of Sumbawa Island, east of Java Island, Indonesia. It is a compound volcano. The original height of the mountain was 4,1 meters. After the eruption, the mountain was cut to 2,85 meters, showing the explosive power. This explosion lasted from April 1815 to July of that year. It lasted for three months, and its explosive power was equivalent to 5, times that of Hiroshima atomic bomb. * * * spewed out 14 billion tons of magma, and a large amount of volcanic ash was carried high in the air and scattered in other places with the flow of the atmosphere.

Why does volcanic eruption affect the climate so much? Let's first understand the relationship between volcanic eruption and climate: the impact of super volcanic eruption:

Volcanic eruption makes a large amount of volcanic ash enter the stratosphere to form a volcanic dust curtain, which prevents the short-wave radiation of the sun from reaching the earth's surface, so the heat received by the surface decreases rapidly. Moreover, the long-wave radiation reflected from the surface is also absorbed by the volcanic dust curtain, and the stratosphere temperature increases and the surface temperature decreases. This is different from the so-called? Nuclear winter? Similar.

The hazards of volcanic eruption can be divided into two types: primary disasters and secondary disasters. The primary disasters refer to the direct injuries caused by volcanic eruption, with heavy casualties. It is understood that the eruption of Tambora volcano in 1815 killed about 7, people, which is a primary disaster, while the secondary disasters mainly refer to the impact of volcanic ash on the climate. The volcanic eruption in 1815 affected the lives of hundreds of thousands of people around the world and even lost their lives.

In fact, the large amount of carbon dioxide and other gases emitted by the volcano is not the main hazard, but a large amount of solid suspended particles, aerosols and sulfur dioxide gas formed during the volcanic eruption, which will lead to the stratosphere? Parasol effect? , which is what I mentioned just now? Dust curtain? It will make the surface temperature drop sharply and bring great threat to people's lives, especially in ancient times, when the grain production is reduced or never harvested due to climate change, many people may starve to death because of lack of food.

The eruption of Mount Tambora in p>1815 was the most powerful one in recent centuries, and it also had the largest influence. There is a bigger volcano in North America, which is in danger of erupting at any time. It is the Yellowstone super volcano in the United States. If it breaks out, it will bring global harm, and the United States will be directly hit hard, because a large number of volcanic ash will cover the local area for several months, and a large number of animals and plants will die, and crops are no exception. Scientists are paying close attention to the situation of Huangshi super volcano group.