Why is Tao Yuanming a gentleman?

Tao Yuanming spent his boyhood in the countryside of Chaisang. "There are no improper customs, and their sexual love is autumn mountains" (the first part of Guiyuan) and "Young people are poor, and they are good at swimming six classics" (the sixteenth part of drinking) are the portrayal of life at that time. He often said that he had to be an official to make a living because his family was poor. This is true, but it cannot be ruled out that ordinary scholars have the motivation to make contributions. "I am eager to escape from all over the world, and I love Philip Burkart" (the fifth part of the miscellaneous poem) revealed the news. At the age of 29, Tao Yuanming served as a wine offering ceremony in Jiangzhou and resigned soon. Later, Jiangzhou was called the master book, but he did not take office.

In 398 AD, in the second year of Emperor Long 'an of Jin 'an, Tao Yuanming went to Jiangling and entered Jingzhou and Jiangzhou to secretariat Huan Xuan. At that time, Huan Xuan held the military and political power in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and he was ambitious to usurp gold. Tao Yuanming had the idea of seclusion again. The book Xin Chou returned to Jiangling for a night outing after a vacation in July, written in the fifth year of Longan (40 1), said: "Poetry and calligraphy are well painted, and the garden has no secular feelings. How to go as far as Xijing! " This winter, because Meng's mother died, I went back to Yang to offer my condolences. Great changes have taken place in the political situation since then. In the first year of Yuanxing (402), Huan Xuan entered Beijing in the name of a minister, making Sima Yuan Xian. In the second year of Yuan Xing (403), Huan Xuan usurped the throne and changed his country name to Chu. In the third year of Yuan Xing (404), Emperor Wu of Song set out to crusade against Huan Xuan, entered Jiankang and became the general of Zhenjun. He mastered the state power and brought a glimmer of hope to the rulers. So Tao Yuanming joined the army and became a general of the town army, Emperor Wu of Song. On the way to his post, he wrote "Initiating the Town Army to Join the Army with Qu Zuo". His mood is ambivalent. On the one hand, he feels that the time has come, and he wants to do something: "I will meet you when the time has come." On the other hand, I am attached to rural life: "Change with change and finally return to work." At this time, Liu concentrated on crusade against Huan Xuan and its remnants, and Tao Yuanming was afraid that it would be difficult to make a difference under the curtain of Emperor Wu of Song. In the second year of the first year of Andi (405), he joined the army as general Jianwei and served as Jiangzhou secretariat Liu. In August this year, he requested the removal of Pengze county magistrate. After more than 80 days in office, he resigned and retired on 1 1 month. The direct reason for resigning from the county magistrate this time is recorded in Song Shuzhuan: "The county sent Du You to the county, and the county official Bai said,' I should be bound to see him.' Qian sighed and said,' I can't bend over to the villagers for five buckets of rice! I was relieved of my post today. When he resigned, he put forward a deeper reason: "Go home, come to Xi, please leave me to travel, the world is against me, I can't ask for it any more!" "Tao Yuanming thoroughly realized that secularism was contrary to his nature of advocating nature, and he could not change his nature to adapt to secularism. Coupled with his disappointment with the political situation, he resolutely resigned and lived in seclusion.

After Tao Yuanming lived in seclusion, he never entered the DPRK again and has been living in seclusion in the countryside. Later generations praised his solar terms and called him a gentleman.