From "Living in a Home" to "Livable": The Tenth Five-Year Service Plan of Seven Public Houses was released.
On June 65438+1October 1 1, the State Council held a press conference on the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Public Services (hereinafter referred to as the Plan). Ou Xiaoli, director of the Social Development Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the Plan has promoted the development of public services during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period and even longer.
Ou Xiaoli said that on the basis of implementing the national basic public service standards and continuously promoting the goal of equalization development, the plan first incorporated non-basic public services into the plan, put forward the inclusive development direction, and at the same time included life services into the planning scope, creating a reservoir for the further development and upgrading of future public services.
The Plan covers nine public service areas, of which housing is an important part, involving seven aspects: basic public services and inclusive non-basic public services.
Among them, basic public services emphasize housing security, involving public rental housing, shantytown renovation and rural dilapidated housing renovation, while inclusive non-basic public services emphasize actively promoting the improvement of housing conditions, including affordable rental housing, property housing, renovation of old urban communities and housing provident fund.
On the basis of the goal of people's livelihood security, the Plan proposes to gradually realize the inclusive non-basic public services of housing.
Three indicators and seven contents
Different from the two main development goals of basic public housing security services in the 13th Five-Year Plan (focusing on shantytown housing renovation and rural dilapidated housing renovation), this plan increases the main indicators in the housing field in the 14th Five-Year Plan to three, and subdivides them into two categories: binding indicators and anticipatory indicators.
Including 1 binding indicators, that is, by 2025, the guarantee rate of urban household registration and low-income families applying for public rental housing should be guaranteed; Two expected indicators, that is, by 2025, the housing security rate of eligible rural low-income groups should be guaranteed, and the goal of transforming about 210.9 million old urban areas should be achieved.
Li, chief researcher of Guangdong Housing Policy Research Center, told 2 1 Century Business Herald that public rental housing is the most basic part of China's housing security system and belongs to the government's housing security category. It is the unshirkable responsibility of local governments to solve the housing problems of urban housing and low-income families. Therefore, realizing the minimum household registration in cities and towns and the guarantee rate of low-income families applying for public rental housing are binding indicators.
Xu Xiaole, chief analyst of RealData, pointed out to the reporter of 2 1 Century Business Herald that the formulation of the three major goals is conducive to clarifying the boundaries of government powers and responsibilities and strengthening the government's responsibility for guaranteeing the bottom. The principle of the housing security goal of public rental housing and rural low-income groups is to ensure that everyone has a house to live in, so there is no specific quantitative goal. The number of old urban residential areas is determined according to the number of residential areas completed before the end of 2000, which is 2 1.9 million.
Pan Wei, director of the Housing Security Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, introduced at the press conference that by the end of 20021,more than 38 million needy people had lived in public rental housing and more than 22 million needy people had received rental subsidies. Urban low-income and low-income families with housing difficulties have basically achieved full insurance coverage, and the housing conditions of other families with housing difficulties and low-income families have been effectively improved.
The "Planning" makes it clear that during the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, we should continue to provide basic public services for housing security. In terms of public rental housing, it is necessary to do a good job in ensuring urban housing and public rental housing for families with income difficulties, pay equal attention to physical security and monetary subsidies, reasonably determine the number of public rental housing in kind, and guarantee all low-registered and low-income families with housing difficulties according to their applications.
In terms of shantytown renovation, we should steadily promote shantytown renovation, adhere to local conditions and do what we can, strictly control the scope and standards of shantytown renovation, scientifically determine the annual plan for shantytown renovation, focus on renovating messy shanty towns in the old city, strengthen supporting infrastructure construction and project quality and safety supervision, and speed up the project progress and resettlement.
In the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas, the housing safety of key targets such as eligible rural low-income groups should be guaranteed in combination with the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas.
The plan points out that in terms of inclusive non-basic public services, we will actively promote the improvement of housing conditions. Including in big cities with net population inflow, we should vigorously develop affordable rental housing; Develop * * * property housing according to local conditions in big cities with net population inflow; We will comprehensively promote the transformation of old urban communities, focus on improving community facilities and municipal infrastructure, and improve the level of public services such as community pension, child care and medical care.
The plan also proposes to expand the coverage of the housing provident fund system, take various measures to promote units to pay according to law, and encourage flexible employees to participate in the housing provident fund system. Optimize the use policy of housing provident fund, and guarantee the basic housing needs of depositors through rent and purchase.
China has 200 million flexible employees. Last year, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development launched a pilot program for flexible employees to participate in the housing provident fund system in six cities, including Chongqing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Suzhou and Changzhou, to guide and encourage flexible employees to participate in the housing provident fund system and enjoy the corresponding rights and interests. Pan Wei said that from the pilot situation, the pilot operation of the housing provident fund system for flexible employees is stable.
Xu Xiaole said that encouraging flexible employees to participate in the housing provident fund system is conducive to expanding the coverage of public housing provident fund services, providing necessary support for this group when renting or buying a house, and helping them find employment in cities. In Xu Xiaole's view, by linking the payment period of housing provident fund for flexible employees with the application for affordable housing, linking the provident fund with various community services, and creating rich financial products, the participation enthusiasm of flexible employees may be improved.
The proportion of new affordable rental housing in 40 cities will exceed 1/4.
Affordable rental housing is the focus of housing construction during the tenth five-year plan period. The plan is clear again, and vigorously develop affordable rental housing in big cities with net population inflow, mainly to solve the housing difficulties of eligible new citizens, youth and other groups. Affordable rental housing is mainly small-sized units with a construction area of not more than 70 square meters, and the rent is lower than that of rental housing in the same location and the same quality market.
In June, 20021,the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Affordable Rental Housing, and then all localities accelerated the development of affordable rental housing, effectively increasing the supply of affordable rental housing.
Pan Wei introduced that the construction of affordable rental housing has achieved initial results.
First, it eased the housing difficulties of new citizens and young people and solved the outstanding housing problems in big cities. 40 key cities 202 1 raised 936,000 sets of affordable rental housing, which is expected to help more than 2 million new citizens and young people alleviate their housing difficulties.
The second is to adjust the supply structure of the real estate market, promote the healthy development and virtuous circle of the real estate industry, and promote the establishment of a housing system with both rent and purchase. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen plan to add 400,000 sets, 470,000 sets, 600,000 sets and 400,000 sets of affordable rental housing respectively, accounting for about 45% of the total new housing supply; The proportion of newly built affordable rental housing in 40 key cities to the total new housing supply is about 26%.
Third, provide support for the city to attract talents and industrial development. Many cities such as Shanghai and Xi have laid out affordable housing in new towns or industrial clusters, attracting new citizens and young people to work in cities and enhancing their competitiveness.
Huang Hui, a senior analyst of RealData, told the reporter of 265438+20th Century Business Herald that affordable rental housing is a key way to actively promote the improvement of housing conditions during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, which will help alleviate the housing difficulties of new citizens, young people and other groups. It takes a process from the formulation and implementation of policies to the appearance of landing effects. Generally speaking, the development trend of affordable rental housing in China is improving, and the policy support is strong. The detailed rules are formulated according to the principle of scientific sustainability.
Huang Hui pointed out that since July, 20021,more than 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have issued policies or drafts for soliciting opinions on affordable rental housing, which further clarified the detailed rules for the preparation and implementation of urban affordable rental housing. With the construction of affordable rental housing, more implementation rules will be issued one after another to ensure that new citizens, young people and other groups live and live. Huang Hui added that in the process of promoting the construction of affordable rental housing, all localities should consider the participation enthusiasm of market participants, and consider the conditions such as rent level in combination with reality, so as to promote the formation of a benign operation mode of long-term sustainable development and sustainable operation of market participants.
When expounding the key work of affordable housing in the 14th Five-Year Plan, Pan Wei mentioned that it is necessary to further improve the policy system and gradually make rental housing enjoy equal rights in enjoying public services.
Huang Hui believes that the right to rent, purchase and purchase public services focuses on settlement and children's education. Specifically, local practices mainly involve three aspects: first, relax the conditions for settlement and promote the settlement of points; The second is to implement residence permit management, and link renting with obtaining residence permit or household registration; The third is to introduce residence permits or points for admission, and all kinds of people will enter the school nearby according to the overall arrangement.
In Huang Hui's view, the breakthrough of public service equality policy focuses on optimizing the allocation of public resources, especially gradually narrowing the "rent-purchase differentiation" in settlement and children's education. Specifically, we can start from the following two aspects: first, gradually weaken or even cancel the influence of housing property rights on the priority of children's educational opportunities, and adopt more fair and reasonable ways such as probability lottery, living distance and actual living length to allocate and sort; The second is to increase the effective allocation of public resources, balance regional resource differences, and increase financial support for the education of the population flowing into cities.