Russian Meteorological Center warns: On Defender of the Fatherland Day, the weather in Moscow is the coldest in 65 years. Why is it cold in Russia?
Russian "Viewpoint" reported on the 22nd that Tishkovits, chief expert of the Russian Phobos Meteorological Center, said on the 21st that on the Defenders of the Motherland Day on the 23rd, the weather in the Moscow region will be extremely cold.
It is expected that from the evening of the 22nd to the early morning of the 23rd, the night temperature in Moscow will be minus 25 to minus 27 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in some parts of the east will be as low as minus 33 degrees Celsius. The highest daytime temperature in Moscow ranges from minus 14 to minus 16 degrees Celsius. These indicators are all 13 to 15 degrees Celsius below the norm for many years.
The temperature on Defender of the Fatherland Day in Moscow in 1956 was minus 27.1 degrees Celsius, which was similar to the temperature of this cold wave. In the entire history of temperature observation, the coldest record for this day was minus 30.5 degrees Celsius in 1945. The Moscow City Government advises residents not to go out as much as possible to avoid frostbite.
Regarding the recent sudden cooling and blizzards in parts of Russia, Europe and the United States, Chernokulisky, an expert from the Russian Institute of Atmospheric Physics, said that the smaller the temperature difference between the earth's equator and the poles, the smaller the temperature difference between the earth's equator and the poles. The easier it is to develop this unusually cold pattern. Why is Russia so cold?
Most of Russia is located in the north temperate zone with diverse climates, dominated by temperate continental climate, but north of the Arctic Circle is a frigid climate. The temperature difference is generally large, with the average temperature in January ranging from -18°C to -10°C and the average temperature in July ranging from 11-27°C. The average temperature in Russia throughout the year is -1℃ ~ 7℃
The average temperature during the day is 7℃, and the average temperature at night is -1℃. The village of Oymyakon, located in northeastern Russia, is one of the coldest settlements in the world, with an average temperature of -50°C in January and a record low of -71 and 2°C. ?
The cold weather in Oymyakon Village is the result of the simultaneous action of multiple factors:
1. High latitude
High latitude, This will result in less solar radiation per unit area. The approximate location of Oymyakon is 63°N, 143°E, which is geographically a relatively northerly region. On the winter solstice, the day length at this latitude is only 3 hours. From December to January of the following year, Oymyakon has the shortest sunshine period. This is also the period when the polar night appears in the Arctic Circle. Because of its geographical location close to the Arctic Circle, the sunshine hours there are not much longer than in the Arctic.
2. Basin terrain
Oymyakon is located in a valley surrounded by the Chersky Mountains and the Verkhoyansk Mountains to the east, west and south. terrain. The warm air from the south is blocked out, while the cold air from the north can drive straight in and stagnate and accumulate in the valley. Surrounded by the surrounding mountains, the cold air flows down the slopes to the bottom of the basin, making the bottom of the basin even colder.
3. Deep inland
The Arctic is mostly ocean. Although there is sea ice covering the Arctic Ocean, heat is still transferred from under the ice to the low-level air above the ice. Oymyakon is located deep in the interior of Eastern Siberia. The land cools faster than the ocean in winter, which also results in the local temperature being lower than the Arctic in winter.