Looking at the "Zhang Gufeng" and "Nomenkan" wars from the casualty data, in fact, the Japanese army played well

Zhanggufeng Event Zhang Gufeng is located on the east bank of the Tumen River estuary, more than 20 kilometers upstream. This is a highland with an altitude of only about 1000 meters. Standing on the top of the mountain, you can clearly see the Boschet Plain of the Soviet Union. When the weather is clear, you can also overlook near Vladivostok. Shacao Peak is a rising mountain, which is located more than two kilometers north of Zhang Gufeng, and its height is slightly lower than that of Zhang Gufeng.

Zhang Gufeng's position

Historically, Zhang Gufeng belonged to China. In 1886, the border of Hunchun Treaty passed through eastern Zhang Gufeng, and Zhang Gufeng belonged to China. In191/kloc-0, the map drawn by the Russian General Staff also showed that Zhang Gufeng belonged to China. However, the Soviet side insists that Zhang Gufeng belongs to the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union's motive is mainly to prevent Zhang Gufeng from becoming an important stronghold for Japanese defense and attack as a commanding height in the region, and secondly to prevent Japanese troops from spying on the military movements of the Soviet Pacific Fleet in Vladivostok through Zhang Gufeng.

On July 9, 1938, the Soviet army began to build fortifications in Zhang Gufeng, and its troops were increasing. /kloc-in July of 0/5, Japan asked the Soviet Union to withdraw from Zhang Gufeng, and the Soviet Union rejected Japan's request on the grounds that Zhang Gufeng was Soviet territory. On 20th, Shigemitsu Mamoru, the Japanese ambassador to the Soviet Union, again asked for withdrawal, but was rejected. In addition to diplomatic efforts, the Japanese army also began to prepare for battle.

In fact, Japan is unwilling and afraid to expand the incident. Surprisingly, the orders of the Japanese base camp and the Korean Army Command were not carried out. Conflicts often occurred between the Soviet Union and Manchuria, and both sides often exercised restraint to avoid escalating the situation. On July 30th, the Japanese army began to attack the Soviet troops in Zhang Gufeng. On March1day, the Japanese army occupied Zhang Gufeng and Shacao Peak.

On August 6th, the Soviet army stormed the Japanese troops stationed in Zhang Gufeng, which lasted until the armistice agreement was signed on August 6th, 10, and the Japanese troops still occupied Zhang Gufeng. Both sides paid a heavy price of casualties. The Soviet army suffered about 4,500 casualties, lost 96 tanks, 16 infantry guns, and three planes were shot down. Japanese casualties 1440.

Judging from the casualties, it can be said that Japan has won the military action against the Soviet Union. But it was the Nomenkan incident that happened a year later that made Japan completely change its policy toward the Soviet Union.

Nomenkan Event Nomenkan is located in Zuo Qi, Xinbaerhu, about 200 kilometers southwest of Hailar, Hulunbeier City, Inner Mongolia. Since 1938, there have been many conflicts between Manchuria and Mongolia.

Nomenkan position

The first stage:

On May 1939 and 12, about 60 foreign Mongolian cavalry entered the east coast to engage with the "Puppet Manchukuo" guard. The next day, Lieutenant General Komatsubara Taro, the 23rd division commander stationed in Hailar, immediately ordered the dispatch of troops, determined to annihilate the cross-border outer Mongolian army, so as to achieve the role of strategic deterrence and reduce bilateral cross-border conflicts. On May 15, under the strong offensive of the Japanese army, the outer Mongolian troops retreated to the west of the Halaha River, and the Japanese army withdrew to Hailar on May 17.

However, this does not mean the end of the incident. On the contrary, after learning of the conflict, the Soviet Union immediately accelerated its military construction. The outer Mongolian army also re-entered the east coast after the Japanese army retreated. 2 1 day, the Japanese army dispatched again. On the 27th, the 64th United Front of the Japanese army fought with Su Mengjun, and the Japanese army suffered heavy casualties, with about 2,000 people in the whole team and 743 casualties. Due to the huge losses, the division chief ordered the troops to retreat, and at this point, the first phase of the Nomenkan incident ended.

The second stage:

Since then, the two sides continued to * * * troops, and the Soviet Union appointed zhukov as the commander-in-chief of the Soviet Union. By the end of June, the Soviet Union had assembled a tank brigade, two armored brigades, an infantry division and a heavy artillery battalion, and 65,438+000 soldiers. The Japanese side did not transfer the Kwantung Army from other areas to Nomenkan area because it underestimated the Soviet combat strength and logistics support capability. It was not until June 19 that the Soviet Air Force bombed Ganjul Temple and Gulang area in A Mu that the Japanese army began to transfer some air forces to this area.

On June 2 1 day, the two sides launched a fierce battle for air superiority, in which the Soviet Union got the latest fighter, the Il -36. Until June 27th, when the Japanese bombed Tamsk, both sides won and lost. On July 2, the 23rd Division of the Japanese Army began to cross the border and the main battlefield turned back to the ground again.

Because the Japanese army did not have heavy weapons and equipment, it was violently attacked by the Soviet Union and Mongolia mechanized troops at night. Finally, on the 5th, the 23rd Division was all defeated on the east coast. After the Soviet army defeated the Japanese army, it continued to attack the Japanese army on the east coast. The two sides were deadlocked, and the 23 rd Division began to build positions on August 3, preparing for a long-term tug-of-war.

The third stage:

From the beginning of the conflict to the general attack in August, the Soviet army successively dispatched eight motorized infantry divisions, four armored vehicle brigades, four tank brigades, two heavy artillery regiments, 1 paratroopers brigade, eight anti-aircraft artillery brigades and six flying regiments from the distant Ural Military Region and the Outer Baikal Military Region. And in a very short time, it has completed the reserve of more than 50,000 tons of military materials. The Soviet army's powerful logistical support capability completely surprised Japan. On August 20, the Soviet army launched a general attack on the Japanese army with more than twice as many troops. By 3 1, the Japanese army was completely defeated. /kloc-in September of 0/6, the two sides signed an armistice agreement to stop all combat operations. The total number of Japanese soldiers participating in the war was15,975, with casualties12,220, including 4,786 killed, 5,455 injured, 639 missing and 1340 sick. Soviet casualties are also around 15000.

To sum it up

On the occasion of the Armageddon between Japan and the Soviet Union, 1939, on August 23rd, Germany and the Soviet Union signed the Non-aggression Treaty between the Soviet Union and Germany, which put Japan in an extremely passive position. With the occurrence of two incidents, Japan gradually changed from active to passive in Japan-Soviet diplomacy and had to strengthen its vigilance against the Soviet Union. In the Nomenkan incident, the Soviet army was far superior to the Japanese army in military quality and equipment. Especially the ground chariots and tanks, the gap between Japan and the Soviet Union is obvious. The powerful firepower of the Soviet army in ground operations made the Japanese army at a loss. It is precisely because of the Soviet Union's resolute attack on the Japanese army and the Soviet Union's own strong fighting capacity that the Japanese army finally gave up "northward advance" and implemented "southward advance".

Japan (95) Soviet Union (36) Japanese Army (47)