What kinds of trees are there in China? What are their characteristics?

China is one of the countries with the richest plant resources in the world, with about 30,000 species of plants, ranking third in the world, second only to Malaysia and Brazil, which have the richest plants in the world. Among them, bryophytes have 106 families, accounting for 70% of the world's families; There are 2600 species of pteridophytes in 52 families, accounting for 80% and 26% of the world's families and species respectively. There are 8000 species of woody plants, including about 2000 species of trees. There are 750 species of gymnosperms *** 12 families and 7 1 genera in the world, and there are more than 240 species of gymnosperms in China. The total number of conifer species accounts for 37.8% of similar plants in the world. Angiosperms account for 54% and 24% of the total number of families and genera in the world respectively.

China has a vast territory, complex natural conditions, and many conditions for the survival and reproduction of trees. It has not been destroyed by the Quaternary continental ice age and is rich in endemic tree species resources. According to preliminary statistics, there are gymnosperms 10 families, 33 genera and more than 200 species. The endemic family is Ginkgo. There are six endemic genera: Ginkgo, Cathaysia, Dictyophora, Metasequoia, Metasequoia and Taxodium. All genera contain only 1 species. There are about 100 species endemic to gymnosperms, accounting for almost half of the total. Among the genera of Pinus, Taxodium and Cupressaceae, there are 1 1 species of Taxodium in the world, and 9 species are endemic to China. There are more than 50 species of Abies in the world, and there are 15 species endemic to China. Many endemic species are tertiary relict plant. For example, extinct

According to john hutchinson classification system, there are more than 180 families of angiosperms in China (including a few introduced families). There are about 1000 genera and more than 9,000 species, including about 2,000 species of trees. Among woody angiosperms, Eucommiaceae and Davidia involucrata, which are endemic to China, are both single genera and species. There are more than 60 endemic genera, including more than 20 arbor genera. For example, Manlietiastrum, Tsooniodendron, Cyclocarya paliurus, Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Camptotheca acuminata, Scutellaria barbata, Palmetto and Tapis. As for endemic species, almost every family has them. For example, there are 420 species of Lauraceae in China, including endemic species 192.

Endemic tree species first come from ancient remnants, and then from new endemic species. Its species are distributed in Hubei, Hunan and western Guangxi to Sichuan and western Yunnan south of the Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains. It decreases to the east, west and north, and there is no unique tree species in the northwest. The number of individuals and the distribution range of each endemic tree species vary from species to species. Some endemic species are widely distributed in several provinces and regions, with a large number of individuals. Other endemic tree species have a narrow distribution range and a small number of individuals, and some even have only a few plants in a certain place, which is in an endangered state. From the vertical distribution, it can be seen from the plain to the mountainous area. For example, Pinus tabulaeformis and Populus tomentosa can be distributed in the low mountain plains of North China, while giant cypress is distributed in Tibet at an altitude of about 3000 meters.

Development and utilization should first pay attention to the protection and development of endemic tree species. The endemic species with a large number of individuals and a wide distribution area can be harvested and utilized in a planned way, and the endemic species with a small number of individuals and a narrow distribution area can be updated in time, especially those endangered species, which should be recorded in the archives in strict accordance with the protection regulations, and logging is strictly prohibited. For those endemic tree species that have been widely introduced at home and abroad, such as Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Coral tree, Ginkgo biloba, oak tree, Ailanthus altissima, Schima superba, Holly, Platanus acerifolia, Ligustrum japonicum, Buxus macrophylla, Larix gmelinii, Black wattle, Pinus massoniana, Pinus kesiya var. yunnanensis, Pinus tabulaeformis, Korean pine, black walnut, lemon, Platanus acerifolia, Davidia involucrata, kapok, kapok and Java kapok.

Sabina vulgaris, Pinus bungeana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Platycladus orientalis, Ailanthus altissima, Cinnamomum camphora, Cedar, Betula alnoides, Oak, Prunus tomentosa, Tilia amurensis, Abies fargesii, Betula alnoides, Populus yunnanensis, Calligonum, Camellia oleifera, Orchid, Mulberry, weeping willow, Robinia pseudoacacia, Betula alnoides and coconut.

Orchid tree, cypress tree, linden tree, phoenix tree, banyan tree, betel nut tree, yellow coconut, begonia, Liriodendron, Aralia microphylla, blackboard tree, eucalyptus, cypress, linden tree, orange tree, linden tree, Chinese fir, maple tree and juniper tree.

Birch, Robinia pseudoacacia, beech, Castanopsis fargesii, oak, willow, Luan, beech and banyan.

Mulberry, pine, sandalwood, peach, oak, apricot, poplar, eucalyptus, camphor and oak.

, chestnut, welcome pine, cedar, coffee, gardenia, clove, jasmine, African jasmine, dog tooth flower, lantana, stubborn pine, ginkgo tree, Gongsun Shu, phoenix pine, cockscomb, popcorn, rose, smiling, giant pine, hibiscus, bougainvillea, Oriental Phoenix, Milan, Murraya, etc.

Shrubs: Hibiscus Hibiscus, bougainvillea bougainvillea/ Rhododendron, Oriental golden phoenix, Milan, Murraya murraya, Dragon Boat Flower, Hydrangea, Coffee, Gardenia, Lilac, Jasmine, African Jasmine, Dog Tooth Flower, Lantana, Yellow Cicadas, Nerium oleander, Egg Flower, Osmanthus fragrans, Ligustrum microphyllum and upside down Admiralty.

Trees: peach blossom, Davidia involucrata, kapok, Java kapok, bauhinia, bauhinia, rain tree, acacia, Erythrina, Magnolia grandiflora, cycad and Lagerstroemia indica.

At present, there are more than 500,000 kinds of plants (not trees) in the world, including trees, shrubs and herbs. China has more than 8,000 kinds of trees, ranking fourth in the world, followed by Brazil, Indonesia and Madagascar. All woody plants belong to the following two phyla: 1. There are about 800 species of gymnosperms in the world, belonging to 12 family 7 1 genus; There are 243 species of 1 1 family 4 1 genus in China, among which 1 family 8 genera 5 1 species has been introduced and cultivated from abroad.

Second, there are about 250 thousand species of angiosperms (not trees) in the world; There are about 25,000 species in China, including more than 8,000 woody plants. Angiosperms are divided into dicotyledons and monocotyledons.