China Academy of Agricultural Sciences Breeding Technical Cooperation Special Breeding Scorpion Breeding Related Information

I. Overview

(1) Species and distribution of scorpions

Scorpion, also known as scorpion or scorpion, is one of the oldest known terrestrial arthropods. Scorpions like warm weather and are widely distributed in most parts of the world except the cold zone. As far as China is concerned, it is distributed from Hainan Island in the south to Heilongjiang in the north.

(B) the use value of scorpions

Scorpion is a valuable Chinese medicine in China. It has the effects of calming wind, relieving spasm, dredging channels and collaterals, relieving swelling and pain, attacking toxin and resolving hard mass. It can be used for treating menstrual convulsion, apoplexy, hemiplegia, facial distortion, tetanus, scrofula, and sores. At present, there are more than 100 kinds of scorpion decoctions, and there are more than 60 kinds of scorpion Chinese medicines. Such as Zaizao Pill, Dahuoluo Pill, Qizhen Pill, Zheng Qian Powder, Zhitong Powder, Zhongfeng Huichun Pill, etc. , all contain scorpions as the main component.

In addition to medicinal purposes, scorpions, as a famous dish, have already entered the dining tables of hotels, restaurants and even ordinary people. Regular consumption not only has good effects of removing chicken, detoxifying, relieving pain and dredging collaterals, but also has curative effects on digestive tract cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer and liver cancer. At present, scorpion products, as good nourishing and health food, are developing vigorously in the north and south of China.

(3) Scorpion venom

The pharmacological action of scorpion mainly depends on scorpion venom. According to scientists' determination, scorpion venom contains protein, hyaluronidase, biogenic amine and other components, and the toxin accounts for 60% ~ 70% of the total content.

Scorpion venom is mainly used in nervous system and cerebrovascular system, and has special curative effect on malignant tumor, stubborn virus and AIDS. At present, drugs mainly made of scorpion venom have been put into mass production in Japan and Singapore.

In agricultural production, scorpion venom is mainly used to make green pesticides. This pesticide contains no synthetic chemical components and is made of pure natural substances. It does not pollute the environment, is harmless to people and livestock, but has peculiar lethality to larvae, and is an ideal drug for producing green vegetables and fruits. At present, this pesticide is mainly used in Russia and other countries.

The research on scorpion venom in China started late, and the applied technology research was relatively backward, which attracted the attention of Chinese scientists. At present, scientific research departments in China are engaged in pharmacological analysis of scorpion venom. In-depth study of acquisition technology and application technology, and enter the trial production stage.

(4) Analysis of raising scorpions artificially.

1, a vast market

Due to people's long-term land reclamation, mineral resources development, large-scale use of pesticides and artificial capture, wild scorpion resources are exhausted or even endangered, which constitutes a very prominent contradiction between supply and demand with the expanding demand for scorpions in the market. Although the price of scorpions has been rising again and again, the output of scorpions in China can only meet the market demand by about 30%. This information tells us that scorpions have become a hot commodity in the market, and the soaring price is unparalleled. It can be said that buying at any time is the right choice, so many experts always hoard hundreds of kilograms or even tons of scorpions, and constantly gain considerable economic benefits brought about by soaring prices.

2. Mature technology

The research on artificial scorpion breeding technology in China began in the 1950s, and after more than forty years of tempering, it can be said that it has reached the point of perfection. Therefore, the State Science and Technology Commission has promoted artificial raising of scorpions as the focus of the "Spark Plan" during the Eighth Five-Year Plan, and the agricultural science and technology programs of CCTV have repeatedly broadcast practical technical information on raising scorpions. In order to further encourage people's enthusiasm for raising scorpions, the state has also introduced preferential policies such as long-term tax exemption for family scorpions. All these provide technical and policy support for people to raise scorpions.

3. Convenient conditions for raising scorpions artificially

First, the investment can be large or small; Second, the occupation of the ground is small, the labor intensity is low, and both urban and rural men and women can cultivate; Third, scorpions excrete less feces, have no peculiar smell and do not pollute the environment; Fourth, scorpions have strong vitality and strong disease resistance, and rarely get sick; Fifth, the eliminated scorpions can still be used as medicine, which does not affect the use value; Sixth, scorpions breed quickly and have a high birth rate.

4. Considerable economic benefits

With the increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of scorpions, the price of scorpions has also increased year by year, and the highest price of live scorpions has climbed to more than 600 yuan. Therefore, raising scorpions artificially is an ideal family sideline, and it is the first choice for laid-off workers and farmers to become rich and well-off.

Second, the external characteristics and living habits of scorpions

(A) the external characteristics of scorpions

1, the external characteristics of scorpions

The adult scorpion of Buthus martensii is generally 4 ~ 0.6 cm long (female scorpion is about 5.2 cm long and male scorpion is about 4.8 cm long). The back of the trunk, the end of the tail and the end of the poison needle are grayish brown and purple brown, and the rest are yellow and orange. The body is divided into three parts: head and chest, front abdomen and back abdomen. The head, chest and front abdomen are collectively called trunk, flat and oblong, and the back abdomen is tail-shaped, commonly known as tail. Actually, it is not a tail, because there is no digestive tract in the tail. The whole body is like a pipa.

2. The difference between male and female scorpions

Scorpions are hermaphroditic, and adult scorpions have obvious gender differences, mainly in the following aspects:

(1), body length and body width are different. The male scorpion is 4 ~ 4.5cm long and 0.7 ~ 1cm wide. The male scorpion is 5 ~ 6 cm long and 1 ~ 1.5 cm wide.

(2) The pincers of horn whiskers are different. The pincers with long horns of male scorpions are relatively thick and short, while those with long horns of female scorpions are relatively slender.

(3) The ratio of trunk width to rear abdomen width is different. The ratio of male scorpion to female scorpion is less than 2, while female scorpion is more than 2.5.

(4) The width under the chest plate is different. The lower side of the chest plate of male scorpion is narrower, while the lower side of the chest plate of female scorpion is wider.

(2) Life habits of scorpions

The artificial breeding of scorpions must create a good ecological environment suitable for the survival, growth and development of scorpions, so we should have a deep understanding and comprehensive understanding of scorpions' living habits.

1, human settlements

Scorpions like to live in dark and humid places, often lurking between gravel, holes and cracks. I like quiet, clean and warm environment and have a negative tendency to sound. The slightest sound can make scorpions panic and flee. Scorpions like cleaning. They will avoid irritating smells such as pesticides, fertilizers and quicklime.

2. Law of Activity

Scorpions have the habit of hibernating at room temperature. They were stung around beginning of winter and around Qingming the following year. The dormant period of the whole year is about half a year. When scorpions hibernate, most of them lurk in their nests in piles, closing their appendages and rolling up their tails. They can't eat or move.

During the growing period, scorpions lie down during the day, come out at night, hide under stones or crevices during the day, and rarely come out for activities. They usually come out at dusk and return to their nests at 2-3 am.

3. Predatory habits

Scorpions are carnivores, mainly preying on spiders, worms, mosquitoes and flies. The insects that scorpions like to eat have the following characteristics: fresh and juicy, moderate in size, rich in protein and fat, and without special smell.

Scorpion's eyesight is very poor, and it basically has no ability to search, track, chase and find targets from a long distance. It mainly finds the target by sensing the air vibration caused by the activities of small insects around it, so it has a strong predation ability for houseflies and is very agile, and its predation ability for slow-moving mice and girls is relatively poor.

Scorpions have low predation ability and have developed the habit of eating a lot when they are hungry. Scorpions can live for 8-9 months without eating or drinking in the presence of water and weathered soil. Hungry scorpions can eat food about their own weight at a time.

Step 4: Moisture

The growth and development of scorpions are inseparable from water, and lack of water will affect the smooth progress of physical activities.

The water in scorpions is constantly being consumed. There are three ways of consumption: one is to discharge water from the body surface, the other is to discharge water through feces; The third is to lose water through breathing. Therefore, scorpions need to constantly get proper water from the outside to maintain the balance of body fluids. Scorpions get water in the following ways: first, they get a lot of water by eating; Second, they absorb water from the soil and air in the range of activities through the skin; Third, under very dry conditions, scorpions will also drink water directly. Among them, the first two are the main water sources of scorpions, so scorpions don't need to drink water when the environmental humidity is normal and the food supply is sufficient.

5. Temperature

Scorpion is a cold-blooded animal, and its growth and life activities are completely controlled by temperature.

Scorpions can live at -2 ~ 42℃. But at -2 ~ 0℃ and 40 ~ 42℃, scorpions can only survive for about 5 hours.

Scorpions hibernate at a temperature of 2 ~ 7 degrees. When the temperature is higher than 7℃ for a long time, scorpions hibernate uneasily, their metabolism is accelerated, and they are prone to premature aging, making it impossible to overwinter safely.

Scorpions begin to move above 12℃. When the temperature is 12 ~ 24℃, the scorpion has a short activity time, a small range and a slow growth. When the temperature reaches 25 ~ 39℃, scorpion mating and seed production can be carried out, and the growth and development are in a good state. Scorpions are at a high temperature above 42℃, and their activities are rapidly abnormal, and then they are comatose and dehydrated for about half an hour.

6. Humidity

Scorpions also have certain requirements for humidity, and the environmental temperature has a great influence on the life of scorpions.

Humidity here has two meanings:

(1) Soil moisture. Soil moisture refers to the water content of the soil in the scorpion nest. Normal humidity is about 15%.

(2) Atmospheric humidity. Atmospheric humidity, also known as relative humidity, refers to the atmospheric humidity of the surrounding environment, and the normal humidity is about 70%. Low or high atmospheric humidity will affect the contact of scorpions with water.

Generally speaking, the place where scorpions live is wet, and the nest where scorpions live is dry.

7. Intraspecific competition

Intraspecific competition is a reflection of the law of survival of the fittest in nature, which is conducive to maintaining ecological balance, species continuation and evolution. The intra-species competition of scorpions is mainly manifested in mutual attacks between scorpions, such as attacking the small, attacking the weak, and attacking without molting is molting.

Intraspecific competition of scorpions has its inducement, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects: (1) serious food and water shortage; (2) serious mutual interference; (3) the deterioration of ecological factors such as temperature and humidity; (4) competing for space; (5) Competing for spouses. We have made it clear that if these problems are handled properly, the intra-species competition of scorpions can be completely avoided.

(3) the life history of scorpions

At room temperature, it takes three years for a scorpion to grow from a young scorpion to an adult scorpion. The breeding period of scorpions is 4-5 years, and one child is born every year, with a life span of 7-8 years.

Scorpion eggs develop in the ovary for about a year. After the scorpion is mated and fertilized, the fertilized egg completes the embryonic development in the body for about 40 days and gives birth to young scorpions. The delivery time is usually from July to August.

After giving birth, the little scorpion will climb on the back of the mother scorpion. Young scorpions do not eat, but rely on the residual yolk in their bodies to obtain nutrition and maintain their growth and development. The young scorpion is about 1 cm long, milky white, fat, short appendages and weak mobility. Generally, the head is outward, and a mound is clustered on the back of the female scorpion. Scorpion yield 1 year. Scorpions shed their skins six times at the age of seven.

Under suitable conditions, scorpions shed their skin for the first time on the back of female scorpions on the 5th day after birth, and enter the 2nd instar. After peeling, the little scorpion will fall beside the mother scorpion, but it will soon climb on the back of the mother scorpion. The two-year-old scorpion turned light brown, gained weight and became slender. After 5 ~ 7 days, the young scorpion will leave the back of the mother scorpion and live independently. At this time, the mobility of the young scorpion will be enhanced, and the tail needle can stab a little venom. It has the ability to prey on insects and starts to move around at night to catch food.

Young scorpions can shed their skin for the second time in September and become 3-year-old scorpions. Their body length is more than 2 cm and their weight has also increased. About 40 days, the third-year-old scorpions eat fertilizer, store enough nutrition and prepare for winter. 65438+ 10 entered hibernation in late October and stung around Qingming the following year. After May, with the temperature rising, the young scorpions reached a feeding peak again. In June, the third molting became a four-year-old scorpion, and at the end of August, the fourth molting became a five-year-old scorpion, and then went into hibernation. In June and August of the third year, they shed their skin once and became 7-year-old scorpions.

Sexual maturity was achieved at the end of the third year, and reproduction began in the summer of the following year.

Scorpions keep eating after molting every time, and their weight and body length increase by leaps and bounds.

Creating a constant temperature condition can partially change the living habits of scorpions. Scorpions can grow and develop all year round, and the interval between molting is obviously shortened, from young scorpions to adults only takes about 250 days.

Third, scorpion breeding technology without hibernation

At room temperature, the growth cycle of scorpions is three years, which is extremely long. The reason is that temperature is the first factor that restricts the growth and development of scorpions. In most parts of China, the average daily temperature is about 30℃ for only about 100 days, and the suitable temperature for scorpion growth and development is between 25℃ and 39℃. Although it takes six months for scorpions to enter the sting, due to the low external temperature, the growth and development of scorpions are basically at a standstill after the sting 1 month and before the sting 1 month. Accumulated, the actual growth and development time of the three-year growth period is only about 1 1 month. If we can artificially change the hibernation habit of scorpions, it means shortening the growth cycle of scorpions and greatly improving economic benefits.

Here are two non-hibernating reproduction techniques.

& ltI > solar energy culture

Speaking of solar energy is not a new term, solar cells and solar water heaters have already entered thousands of households. In the cold winter, the tomatoes and cucumbers we eat every day, the gifts and flowers for our relatives and friends all come from the solar greenhouse. The solar scorpion breeding we introduced is also based on the principle of solar greenhouse. Under the guidance of science, through long-term production practice and numerous improvements, we have gradually explored a set of new technology for sun scorpion breeding.

1. Construction of Solar Scorpion Pool

The construction of solar scorpion pool needs to choose the place with the lee and the sun, so as to better fully accept the sun. Taking the scorpion pond of1.2x0.4 as an example, this paper introduces the concrete construction method of the solar scorpion pond.

Choose a good site, dig a cuboid pit with a depth of 40 cm 1.2X2 m, and evenly distribute two wells with a diameter of 45 cm at the bottom of the cuboid pit with a depth of 30 cm to 50 cm. Then build a single brick around the pit to the ground level. Fill with bricks, stones, etc. , and covered with precast cement cover plate. Small holes for scorpions to enter and exit are reserved in advance on the cover plate. At this point, the lower part of the scorpion pool is completed.

A single brick wall is built around the cement cover plate, and glass strips with a spacing of 15cm are stuck around to prevent scorpions from escaping. Windows are set on the north slope of the scorpion pond to facilitate ventilation and feeding. The south slope of the scorpion pond is sealed with plastic film (not covered in summer), and the built-in tiles are hillside-shaped. The whole solar scorpion pool has been built. The shape of the whole scorpion pool looks like a solar plastic greenhouse for farmers to grow vegetables, but it is much smaller.

2. The life rules of scorpions in the Sun Scorpions Pool.

From mid-June to mid-September, the weather is hot, which is the best growth area for wild scorpions. During this time, the plastic film on the scorpion pool should be uncovered. At night, when the temperature in the upper part of the scorpion pond is high, scorpions move from the lower part to the upper part to feed. After midnight, the weather turned cold and the temperature dropped, so the scorpion moved down and lived under the concrete slab. The next day, with the rising of the sun, the temperature outside gradually increased, and the scorpion quietly moved up and landed on the back of the upper tile, fully accepting the radiant heat of the sun. At noon, when the upper temperature rises above 38℃, scorpions quietly descend to the back of the cement cover. In the afternoon, the direct sunlight temperature on the upper part increased by more than 45℃, and the temperature on the back of the cement cover plate also exceeded 38℃, and the scorpion continued to move down. The temperature at the bottom of the scorpion pool is about 27℃. In the evening, when the sun goes down, the temperature of the scorpion pool gradually drops, and the scorpion moves upward to the upper part of the cement cover plate to feed.

From early March to mid-June, the temperature rose and wild scorpions began to grow. From mid-September to the end of 1 1, the temperature gradually dropped, and wild scorpions began to hibernate after eating fat. Scorpions grow slowly in these two periods. At this time, we cover the scorpion pool with plastic film. Under the sunlight, the maximum temperature of the Sun Scorpion Pool can reach 42℃, and the minimum temperature is not lower than 18℃. Scorpions always live in the most suitable temperature environment through the movement of the upper and lower floors, which extends the best growth time of scorpions from about 3 months to about 9 months a year.

165438+1From the end of October to the end of February of the following year, the outside temperature dropped, and the temperature in the sun scorpion pool could not meet the needs of its growth and development. This is to cover the scorpion pool with a straw curtain and let the scorpions hibernate.

(2) raising scorpions at constant temperature

Although solar energy has many advantages, it also has some disadvantages, such as not being able to raise scorpions in layers and low space utilization. Therefore, many unemployed young people and laid-off workers in cities and towns generally adopt constant temperature feeding method.

Most scorpions are kept on constant temperature shelves. According to the height of the room, the shelf can be divided into three layers and four layers. Generally, the bottom layer is used to feed insects, and the other layers are used to feed scorpions. The reasonable interlayer height is 30cm at the bottom and 60cm at the rest. Smooth materials such as glass strips or plastic films are stuck on the inside of each layer to prevent scorpions from escaping. This kind of feeding rack is suitable for farmers with tight living conditions.

The heating equipment of greenhouse can be stove, kang, fire wall, fire channel, heating, etc. , in line with the principle of economy and practicality, reasonable selection according to its actual situation.

Fourth, raise scorpions.

< 1 > the source of scorpions.

It is best for farmers to introduce scorpions from artificial scorpion breeding units or choose them themselves.

1, Introduction

When introducing breeding scorpions, it is necessary to have a detailed understanding of the introduced scorpions, such as the species of breeding scorpions, the age of scorpions, and whether the female scorpions are pregnant. Choose a large scorpion with a body length of more than 4.8 cm, no missing limbs, strong and agile, curled abdomen at rest, fat front abdomen and shiny skin.

Pay attention to the ratio of male and female scorpions when selecting seeds. It is wrong for some farmers to choose females instead of males in order to get scorpions. Because after the female scorpion is fertilized, although the sperm can be stored in the seminal vesicle for a long time for lifelong reproduction, the reproductive rate is decreasing year by year, and the young scorpion is weak and the survival rate is low. In order to improve the number of female scorpions and the quality of young scorpions, breeding scorpions need to mate every year, so an appropriate amount of male scorpions must be introduced when introducing breeding scorpions. According to years of breeding experience, the ratio of male to female can be matched as 3: 1.

The introduction time can be carried out at any time except the late pregnancy and puerperium of scorpions.

Scorpions need an adaptation process when they enter a new environment. Some scorpions that have just been thrown into the pond will not eat for 2-3 days, so don't throw them into a large number of feed insects. It is necessary to check whether the escape prevention measures of the scorpion pool are perfect and remedy the problems in time.

Step 2 feed

Farmers can not only buy scorpions from artificial breeding units, but also carry out independent breeding.

(2) Purification and rejuvenation of scorpions

Choose a large, shiny, healthy, lively and adaptable individual pool from 4-5-year-old scorpions and raise it carefully. After these scorpions mate and give birth, the female scorpions with strong body, early delivery and high birth rate are selected and put into a special pool, and then a proper amount of excellent Cheng Xiong scorpions are added for mating and reproduction. This work should be carried out frequently to preserve and develop the fine traits of breeding scorpions.

V. Scorpion feeding management

(1) Feeding density

In order to reduce the mutual interference between scorpions, the breeding density of scorpions must be appropriate. According to years of breeding experience, the suitable breeding density per square meter of scorpion pond is: 2-3 years old scorpions 10000, 4-5 years old scorpions 6000, 6-year-old scorpions 4000, adult scorpions 2000 and pregnant scorpions 500.

(2) Ecological factors

The ecological development of scorpions is the result of the comprehensive action of surrounding environmental conditions. The key to the success of raising scorpions lies in whether the ecological environment you create is suitable and conducive to the growth and development of scorpions.

The main ecological factors affecting the growth and development of scorpions are temperature, humidity and food.

1, temperature. Scorpion is a cold-blooded animal, and the temperature has the most obvious influence on it. A series of life activities such as scorpion growth, mating and reproduction are completely controlled by temperature.

The suitable temperature for scorpion growth and development is between 32℃ and 38℃.

2. humidity. Humidity has a great influence on the growth and development of scorpions. The moisture content of scorpion nest soil is 10%-20% > the optimum soil moisture content is between 15%- 18%. Atmospheric humidity is between 60% and 85%, which can be measured by dry and wet thermometer.

Temperature and humidity interact. Generally speaking, the higher the temperature, the faster the water evaporates and the lower the humidity. After sprinkling water indoors, the humidity increases, while the temperature decreases as the water evaporates and absorbs heat continuously. It can be seen that temperature and humidity are contradictory.

The contradiction between temperature and humidity often leads to four results: low temperature and high humidity, low temperature and low humidity, high temperature and low humidity, and high temperature and high humidity. The first three are not conducive to the growth and development of scorpions, while the latter has large activity, fast molting and good development. Therefore, high temperature and high humidity are the ecological environment we pursue.

3. food. Scorpion's choice of food must conform to the following principles: first, scorpion likes to eat, which can promote its growth and development; Second, the supply is abundant, the price is low, and it can be supplied in large quantities; Third, you can get along with scorpions for a long time without polluting the environment.

According to the above principles, we recommend Tenebrio molitor, Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga and Sage as food for scorpions.

Eupolyphaga and Rat Girl not only provide comprehensive and rich nutrition for scorpions, but also play the role of voluntary cleaners in the scorpion pool.

The above factors are closely related, * * * affects the growth and development of scorpions, and problems in any link will adversely affect the growth and development of scorpions. Therefore, in the process of feeding management, we should do everything, not everything.

(3) Scorpion molting

Scorpions need specific molting conditions:

1, adequate nutrition and physical strength; 2. The ecological environment such as temperature and humidity should be suitable; This place should be quiet and hidden.

Because the newly molted scorpion is soft, it often becomes the target of other scorpions without food. Scorpions who have just molted have a big appetite, so all scorpions should be fed before and after molting.

(4) Scorpion mating

Under the condition of not hibernating, scorpions with normal development tend to mature in about 8 months and can mate under appropriate circumstances.

1 Male scorpions can mate with two female scorpions in a short time, while extremely strong male scorpions can only mate with three female scorpions at most. It takes three months for the male scorpion to mate with the female scorpion again after mating.

After mating and fertilization, sperm may be stored in seminal vesicle for a long time, so scorpions can reproduce for life once mating, but the reproduction rate decreases year by year.

The key to the management of scorpion mating period is to create suitable external conditions so that male and female scorpions can mate successfully in a good external environment.

These conditions are: 1, and the temperature is between 28 and 39℃. In this range, the higher the temperature, the higher the mating success rate. 2. Avoid strong light. Strong light will prolong or interrupt the mating process of scorpions, and weak light will induce them to mate. 3. Scorpions are afraid of the wind, and windless and breezy weather is good for scorpions to mate. 4. The ground is flat and solid, and there is a certain friction force, which is conducive to fixing the fine pliers and ensuring the smooth mating of scorpions. Scorpions are timid and afraid of being disturbed, so we should create a hidden and quiet mating environment for them.

(5) scorpion nest

Scorpions are viviparous. Under the condition of not hibernating, the fertilized egg can complete the embryonic development in the female scorpion for about 40 days.

A few days before labor, pregnant scorpions have labor pains due to contraction of reproductive pores, so they show anxiety, eat little or nothing, don't like activities, and just go out slowly to find a place to give birth at night. During labor, the 1 and 2 pairs of feet of the female scorpion embrace each other and their joints droop, while the 3 rd and 4 th pairs of feet support the ground. The front abdomen leans forward, the contact limbs stretch forward and droop, the back abdomen bends upward, and the back lines are obvious.

1. Isolate pregnant scorpions in childbirth. It is forbidden to mix pregnant scorpions during childbirth for the following reasons: first, when the newborn scorpions are disturbed by other scorpions, it is difficult for them to climb on their own backs, and scorpions who will not climb on their mothers' backs cannot survive; Secondly, the newborn female scorpion will be agitated and crawl back and forth when disturbed by other scorpions, thus reducing the survival rate of young scorpions; Third, the surviving young scorpions are in danger of being bitten by other scorpions. Therefore, it is necessary to set a reasonable delivery room for pregnant scorpions.

2. Delivery room. Common delivery rooms are adobe delivery room, cement board delivery room, wooden board nest delivery room and can bottle delivery room.

Adobe delivery room and cement board delivery room occupy a small area and have certain moisture absorption capacity, which can meet the requirements of scorpions for environmental temperature and humidity. However, due to the communication between delivery rooms, it is easy to produce the phenomenon of "cascade rooms" and it is difficult to control mutual interference. The wooden nest delivery room and jar delivery room can overcome the problem of mutual interference between pregnant scorpions. The pregnant scorpions are quiet in these two delivery rooms and can give birth smoothly. This can greatly improve the survival rate of pregnant scorpions, but it is more troublesome to make a wooden delivery room, so it is best to use cans and bottles for delivery.

Fill the prepared pollution-free fine soil into a bottle about 1 cm deep and tamp it, and put 4 ~ 6 feed worms into it for the next nest.

3. The birth of scorpions. When pregnant scorpions show signs of labor, they should be put into the delivery room for labor, and it is appropriate to put one pregnant scorpion in each delivery room.

When scorpions give birth, their feet are twisted to support the ground, their foreheads are raised high, and the reproductive holes are opened, resulting in oval white balls with rice grains inside. This is a scorpion. Pregnant scorpions need a rest every time they give birth to 4-5 scorpions. The average number of nests is about 25, ranging from 10 to 30 ~ 40, and some nests are more than 60.

The newborn scorpion is tender and white, and its color changes after a few days. It molts for the first time on the back of the female scorpion in about 5 days, and then turns light brown. 10 days later, it can leave the back of the female scorpion and live independently.

(6) Scorpions are raised in different places.

1, separation of mother and child. When the second-year-old scorpion leaves the back of the mother scorpion, it should be separated in time. This is because: first, the female scorpion is physically exhausted, loses a lot of body fluids, is weak, and is in urgent need of feeding. If not separated, the mother will attack the young scorpion in the case of lack of water and food; Second, the size is different, and young scorpions will be injured when they become scorpions; Third, the yolk brought by the young scorpion from the mother has been exhausted, so feeding separately is beneficial to the young scorpion to eat and supplement nutrition; Fourthly, young and adult scorpions have different requirements for feed insects, so it is easier to manage them separately.

2. Feed the little scorpions. Scorpions aged 2-4 years are called young scorpions, and the feeding requirements in this period are as follows: first, pregnant scorpions should prepare enough small feed worms with good palatability for young scorpions when they enter the delivery period; Second, young scorpions are in the fastest growing stage in their lives, so it is necessary to do a good job of feeding, mainly feeding Tenebrio molitor and Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga in turn to avoid single feeding; Third, the young scorpion has strong climbing ability and quick action, so pay attention to prevent the young scorpion from escaping; Fourth, with the growth of young scorpions, the size gradually becomes larger, and the density of scorpion pools unconsciously becomes higher. Attention should be paid to feeding in separate ponds to reduce the density of scorpion ponds.

3. Breeding of young scorpions. Scorpions aged 5-6 are young scorpions. This time, in addition to providing fresh, clean and nutritious food, we must seize the opportunity to breed, purify and rejuvenate scorpions, laying a good foundation for the next generation.

4. Feeding of adult scorpions. Adult scorpions are mature and have the ability to mate and reproduce. In the meantime, we should pay attention to the following points: First, increase the frequency of feeding feed worms and adhere to the principle of "feeding more and feeding less". Especially during the feeding peak of scorpions at 8- 1 1 in the evening, they should be released every hour. Second, reasonably control the ambient temperature and humidity to create a good ecological environment; Third, strengthen the management of breeding scorpions. Excellent adult scorpions can be used as seed scorpions.

5. Management of raising scorpions. The management of breeding scorpions is of great significance, so we should pay attention to the following points: 1. Prepare a sufficient number of excellent breeding scorpions on time, and the ratio of male scorpions to female scorpions is 1: 3, and carefully raise them in special ponds; Second, create suitable mating conditions so that every female scorpion can get pregnant; Third, prepare a suitable delivery room before the birth of the pregnant scorpion, and do a good job of preparation before the birth of the pregnant scorpion; Fourthly, after the young scorpions fall into the soil, the mother and son scorpions should be raised separately at the right time; Fifth, save your strength. After the female scorpion's physique is restored, the male scorpion can be put into mating in time to lay the foundation for the next reproduction.