Brief introduction of sunken cave dwelling

In the north of China, there is the largest loess plateau in the world, and the famous caves in China are distributed in this large area, forming a number of adobe buildings with northern characteristics. Adobe buildings are buildings with adobe materials as the main structure, or caves dug in undisturbed soil, or various buildings covered with adobe and sand. It began in the era of artificial caves and semi-caves and has a long history. The adobe buildings mentioned here are limited to the shallow surface, not including the underground buildings in the deep underground. Its characteristics are that it can use local materials, easy to construct, easy to build itself, low in cost, warm in winter and cool in summer, energy-saving and occupying land; Conducive to ecological balance, sound insulation and pollution reduction. Sinking cave dwelling is the origin of China's geomantic theory. Mayao Cave in Qianhaizi Village, Mengjin County, Luoyang City, Henan Province, based on the theory of geomantic omen, produced the design rules of quadrangle architecture, that is, the enclosed surrounding building space has patio to view the sky and water to meet the bottom. Its closed, patio-like architectural model blocks the entry of outdoor pollution, thus keeping the indoor air clean. An open yard can introduce sunlight, rain, fresh air and long-wave radiation. The upper part of the yard faces the sky and the lower part is based on the ground, which can keep the yard and the rooms around the yard have a good climate environment.