What is a weather ship?
The Development Course of China Unmanned Meteorological Ship
A "yacht face" and "heart" are global positioning systems. .......
The elephant hull has been installed, and advanced instruments are in place this week. When completed next month, the ship will sail into the sea area of Qingdao 2008 Olympic Sailing Competition and officially "go to work".
Yang Yuqiang, deputy director of Qingdao Meteorological Bureau, said that it filled the blank of marine meteorological observation in China's meteorological history.
In fact, just three years ago, this shipyard came to Shanghai to choose a site, and the result was unsuccessful.
Phoenix Island sailed out of the weather ship.
"Wipe it gently and wipe it clean."
"Remember to bring your shoe covers when you board the ship." Have the compass and radar arrived at the warehouse? "
/kloc-on the morning of 0/4, in the workshop of Matsumoto Shipyard at An Zi Wharf in Xuejiadao, Qingdao, 36-year-old Chen Rujun repeatedly talked about these problems while arranging three workers to clean the hull carefully. It can be seen that he attaches importance to the ship.
Xuejiadao is a provincial-level tourist resort approved by Shandong Provincial People's Government on 1995. The island is long and narrow in the northeast and southwest, with a coastline of 54 kilometers. The northeast is mountainous, the middle is plain, and the southwest is hilly, just like a phoenix spreading its wings and lying on the shore of the Yellow Sea.
This year, the School of Creative Media of Beijing Film Academy settled in Xuejia Island. One of the descriptions of the latter is "Phoenix Island" in Hollywood style. Now it takes only 10 minutes to take a high-speed speedboat from the center of Qingdao. You can see 10 late autumn sunshine, sea, beach and splashing waves all the way.
Comfortable!
Chen Rujun is the director of Qingdao Matsumoto Shipyard. This mysterious ship is the first weather ship in China made by this factory.
In the coming week, this China native with 12 years shipbuilding experience needs to complete the assembly of meteorological observation equipment such as Japanese engine, electronic compass and advanced radar.
In the next year, what this weather ship needs to do is: sail into the sea area of Qingdao 2008 Olympic Sailing Competition, observe the weather on the spot, send back data, and make the most accurate sea forecast.
Therefore, in the autumn of 2004, Chen Rujun was very nervous!
"yacht face" and "flying heart"
"At present, there is a deviation in the schematic diagram of the weather ship published by the outside media." Yu Yan, deputy general manager of the shipyard, said that after the ship was completed, the captain 10.6 meters and the height was less than 4 meters. This ship type is more suitable for observation in wind and waves than the rumored18m length and 4m height.
"Weather ship is not mysterious. It looks like a yacht and can accommodate 65,438+00 workers. " Yu Yan is outspoken.
Indeed, the lounge on the ship is equivalent to a small bedroom with a roof of more than 3 square meters. "The advantage of this is that the weather in the South China Sea is conducive to the installation of radars and antennas. In addition, meteorologists can make full preparations for fishing during the break." Yu Yan walked around the boat for a week, pointed to the locker under the bench seat and the flat and open back deck that could accommodate five anglers, and said with a smile.
Compared with ordinary yachts, the unique skill of weather ships lies in their equipment. The first is the "Pentium Heart". There is a Japanese original Suzuki engine with a blue shell hidden under the back deck, weighing 670 kilograms and 380 horses. "Even in the international market, this kind of engine is advanced. Compared with similar domestic engines, it is 250kg lighter. It is very important to reduce the burden on the ship when observing at sea. "
Yu Yan said that this "heart" is worth 400,000 yuan, accounting for nearly half of the whole ship's cost. "With it, the speed of the weather ship can reach 30 knots, and it takes less than 5 minutes to run from Qingdao to Xuejia Island."
Secondly, the "Clairvoyance" and "Clairvoyance" will be equipped with an electronic compass, a radar and a computer with wireless Internet access on one side of the cab, which can basically ensure that the live data at sea can be transmitted back to Qingdao Meteorological Observatory synchronously; Antenna will be installed above the cab, and GPS will be used to improve the accuracy of data.
Finally, it is solid. The previous wave 1.5m remained stable.
"How big is the wave of 1.5m?"
"For example, the Olympic sailing competition will be cancelled if it encounters a wave of 0.5 meters. In the sea area of Qingdao, 1.5 meters is a huge wave. " Yu Yan patted the weather ship with a white shell and looked very proud.
"Yacht" refused to "visit here"
10 June 6th afternoon 13, Fulongshan, Qingdao, Municipal Meteorological Bureau.
At this time, Deputy Director Yang Yuqiang had just finished the annual meeting of the Chinese Meteorological Society this year and was exhausted.
Speaking of this weather ship, Yang Yuqiang, who has worked for 2 1 year, is very excited. He has always stressed: first of all, it can help athletes, and more importantly, it can make up for a gap in maritime mobile meteorological observation in China's meteorological history.
What's the function of this weather ship?
Yang Yuqiang said that the ship is a mobile weather station, which can carry out on-site observation in the designated sea area, and the weather in Huadu can transmit the collected meteorological parameters to the ground in time through the wireless network. According to these data, meteorologists analyze and issue weather forecasts.
"In the past, we only observed the wind, direction and speed at sea on land." Yang Yuqiang said that now that there is a weather ship, it is finally possible to stop talking on paper.
The short-term goal of the weather ship is to station in Huiquan Bay during the 2008 Olympic Sailing Competition, and provide weather forecasts such as wind speed, wind direction, humidity, temperature, air pressure, rainfall and visibility for the competition.
Yang Yuqiang's longer-term vision is that because Qingdao has built several fixed weather stations on nearby islands, the number of these weather stations is small, and the observation instruments are at the top of the mountain, and the meteorological data collected are different from the sea surface. Meteorological ships sailing at sea can quickly obtain the meteorological data of the designated sea area, and make a comprehensive analysis with the observation data of the island meteorological station, so as to make the maritime meteorological forecast more accurate.
"What metaphor do you think the weather ship has?"
"The first maritime mobile weather station or observation station will do." Yang Yuqiang said with a smile.
Although there is a "yacht face", it is indeed made by a yacht manufacturing company. Yang Yuqiang said that he would never "enliven" tourists to visit here. "The ship is full of professional and advanced observation equipment. If it is broken, it will not be worth the loss. "
The shipyard missed Shanghai three years ago.
"In fact, our shipyard came to Shanghai for site selection three years ago, but finally settled in Qingdao." Mr Matsumoto Takeshi, who wears glasses, said when he visited the shipyard.
"Do you know how much this weather ship can sell in Japan?" "A total of 2 million, double the current price." Matsumoto Takeshi said that he attaches great importance to the local environment of Xuejia Island. Matsumoto Takeshi said that three years ago, he visited Shanghai for more than two months, but he didn't find a suitable place to test the ship. In the end, he can only invest $2 million in Qingdao. "It's a pity to miss Shanghai. With Shanghai's technical ability, it should be no problem to build a weather ship. "
When he said this, Matsumoto Takeshi was behind the rippling island water, and the downtown area of Qingdao was faintly visible. A group of seabirds passed over his head.
At the same time, Yang Yuqiang, 42 years old and slightly bald, is even more proud. "The first weather ship in China was in Qingdao."
Of course, he also has "ambitions". In Yang Yuqiang's view, only one weather ship is absolutely not enough. "If the test results are good, we will consider building more. Let's just say that at present it is at least a weather ship. "
He said that there are at least three weather ships, drawing on the experience of Athens, Greece. In the future, the ship's significance is not only to provide services for the Olympic Games, but also to provide services for future marine meteorological observation in East China and even the whole country. Therefore, it is not enough for Qingdao to have a boat. "It is best to have similar points all over the country and establish a testing system."
Yang Yuqiang said that Shanghai, as a coastal city, is also very short of meteorological data at sea, and it would be very helpful to have a meteorological ship. "I also believe that Shanghai will go faster than anyone else."
: Alternative function of weather ship
break the code
In the Atlantic War, there was an invisible battle, Lianjiang weather, which was the competition between the two sides in radio decoding. Nazi Germany conducted a strict reliability test on the "Enigma" cipher machine, thinking that it was easy to carry and use, so from the German high command to the army, navy and air force, "Enigma" was used as the standard cipher machine.
194 1 in the spring, password analyst Harry? HarryHinsley realized that German and German naval weather ships and supply ships used the same enigma system. On May 7 of that year, the German meteorological ship "Minkern" was captured, and the German code name in June was captured. On June 28th, the German weather ship "Fort Lauenburg" was captured, and the German cipher table was seized in July. Until the end of the war, Britain could accurately decipher the German navy code every day.
save sb's life
In World War II, the German Bismarck sank into the Atlantic Ocean forever, and hundreds of sailors at sea struggled to be rescued. Out of humanitarianism, the British "Dorset County" dropped the rope and rescued about 80 German sailors, and the "Maori" also rescued 25 people. But at the beginning of the rescue work, German submarines were discovered, and the Dorset and Maori were immediately discovered.
Of the hundreds of German sailors struggling in the sea, only five were finally rescued by the German weather ship "Saxon Wald" and a submarine.
Help decision-making
1June 4, 944, Normandy landing is just around the corner. At this critical moment, weather ships and weather planes in the Atlantic sent a message: In the next three days, the English Channel will be controlled by a trough with low pressure, and it is very dangerous for ships to sail. The "D" day launched by the landing campaign also needs three natural factors: meteorology, astronomy and tides. Staag, a meteorologist and head of the Allied Joint Meteorological Group, immediately predicted that there was a cold front moving towards the English Channel, and there might be a good weather after the cold front and before the trough of low pressure arrived.
Eisenhower thought for a moment and decided to take action decisively. The timely meteorological information provided by meteorological ships made great contributions to the success of Normandy landing.
The unmanned weather probe ship serving the Olympic Games passed the sea trial.