What are new energy materials?

Question 1: What are the materials for new energy? New energy and new materials are a new technological concept for the conservation and utilization of non-renewable resources triggered by the introduction of the environmental protection concept.

Characteristics of new energy and new materials: Some materials with superior performance have better performance than traditional materials.

Generally include:

Superconducting materials, solar cell materials, hydrogen storage materials, solid oxide battery materials, smart materials, magnetic materials, and nanomaterials.

Several new energy sources and new materials in the future

Wave energy: ocean wave energy. This is an inexhaustible, pollution-free renewable energy source. It is speculated that the electrical energy contained in ocean waves on Earth is as high as 9×104TW. In recent years, the use of wave energy has occupied a place in the new energy development plans of various countries. Although wave energy power generation is more expensive and needs further improvement, current progress has demonstrated the potential commercial value of this new energy source. An ocean wave energy power plant in Japan has been in operation for 8 years. Although the power generation cost of the power plant is higher than other power generation methods, for remote islands, it can save investment costs such as power transmission. At present, dozens of wave energy power stations have been built in the United States, Britain, India and other countries, and they are all operating well.

Combustible ice: This is a solid compound composed of methane and water. Its appearance is similar to ice, so it is called "combustible ice". Combustible ice is stable at low temperatures and high pressures, and the flammable gas released when the ice melts is equivalent to 100 times the volume of the original solid compound. It is estimated that there is more combustible ice than there is coal, oil and natural gas on the earth combined.

Coal bed methane: Due to the increase in temperature and pressure during the formation process of coal, it undergoes metamorphism and also releases flammable gases. From peat to lignite, each ton of coal produces 68m3 gas; from peat to fat coal, each ton of coal produces 130m3 gas; from peat to anthracite, each ton of coal produces 400m3 gas. Scientists estimate that the amount of coalbed methane on the earth can reach 2000Tm3.

Microbial fermentation: Many countries in the world are rich in sugar cane, sugar beet, cassava, etc. Using microbial fermentation, alcohol can be made. Alcohol has the characteristics of complete combustion, high efficiency, and no pollution. It can be used to dilute gasoline. "Ethanol gasoline" can be obtained, and the raw materials for making alcohol are abundant and the cost is low. According to reports, hundreds of thousands of cars in Brazil have been modified to use "ethanol gasoline" or alcohol as fuel, reducing air pollution. In addition, hydrogen can be produced using microorganisms to open up new ways of energy.

Fourth-generation nuclear energy: Today, scientists around the world have developed nuclear fusion using positive and antimatter to create new nuclear energy without any pollution. The atoms of matter and antimatter are destroyed at the moment they meet. At this time, high-yield shock waves and optical radiation energy will be generated. This powerful light radiation energy can be converted into thermal energy. If the intensity of the nuclear reaction of matter and antimatter can be controlled and used as a new energy source for mankind, it will be a great energy revolution in the history of human energy.

Question 2: What materials are mainly studied in new energy materials and environmental materials? New energy materials are materials directions mainly based on reducing carbon emissions, such as the research on metal materials. Environmental (protection) materials mainly refer to technical applications and research, such as ceramic water purification technical materials in sewage treatment.

Question 3: What are the most popular new energy materials today: fission reactor materials, fusion reactor materials, high-energy propellants, high-performance battery materials, hydrogen energy materials, superconductors Materials, photovoltaic (solar) cell materials

Question 4: What does the specialty of new energy materials and devices specifically do? New materials and material-related devices are the basis of new energy. For example, if the battery materials (positive electrode, negative electrode, and thin film material that isolates positive and negative electrodes) are not up to standard, new energy vehicles will not be able to drive.

Question 5: What major should I apply for in new energy and new materials? New energy majors include:

New energy science and engineering, energy economics, energy chemical engineering, resource recycling science and engineering, new energy materials and devices, building energy-saving technology and engineering, marine resource development technology, and marine engineering and technology, offshore oil and gas engineering, nuclear safety engineering, etc. The most representative major is new energy science and engineering.

Question 6: What are nano new energy materials? Nano is a scale. Nano science and technology is a complete system that integrates cutting-edge science and high technology. Its basic The meaning is to understand and transform nature within the nanometer scale, and to innovate substances through direct manipulation and arrangement of atoms and molecules. Nanotechnology mainly includes seven aspects: nanosystem physics, nanochemistry, nanomaterials, nanobiology, nanoelectronics, nanoprocessing, and nanomechanics.

Nanomaterials are the most dynamic branch of science with rich research connotations in the field of nanotechnology. The use of nanometers to name materials was introduced in the 1980s. Nanomaterials refer to solid materials composed of nanoparticles, where the size of nanoparticles does not exceed 100 nanometers at most. The preparation and synthesis technology of nanomaterials is the current main research direction. Although some progress has been made in the synthesis of samples, it is still not possible to prepare a large number of bulk samples. Therefore, studying the preparation of nanomaterials is crucial to their application. important role.

Question 7: What are the raw materials of new energy vehicles? New energy vehicles include: hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), pure electric vehicles (BEV), fuel cell vehicles (FCEV), hydrogen engine vehicles, gas vehicles, alcohol-ether vehicles, etc. Raw materials pure electric, hybrid and fuel cells