Fengchu Pang Tong, who is as famous as Wolong, what is his life profile?
Pang Tong (179-214), named Shiyuan and Fengchu, was born in Xiangyang, Jingzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei Province) during the Han Dynasty.
Pang Tong was a simple man when he was a child, but he didn't look smart on the surface. At that time, Sima Hui of Yingchuan was an elegant man and good at recognizing people. When Pang Tong was twenty years old, he went to visit him.
Sima Hui sat on a mulberry tree picking mulberries, while Pang Tong sat under the tree. The two talked to each other from day to night. Sima Hui was very surprised by Pang Tong, saying that there was no one among the scholars in Nanzhou. Can be compared with Pang Tong. With Sima Hui's words, Pang Tong gradually became known.
At that time, Pang De in Xiangyang called Pang Tong "Feng Chu", Zhuge Liang was Wolong, and Sima Decao was Shuijing.
Xu Shu once said to Liu Bei, "If you have a sleeping dragon and a phoenix, you can bring peace to the world!" Pang Tong once evaluated the quality of people with Lu Ji and Gu Shao of the Eastern Wu Dynasty, claiming that he had the ability to assist the emperor.
In the 14th year of Jian'an (209), Zhou Yu fought for Nanjun. After defeating Cao Ren, he occupied Nanjun and became the governor. Pang Tong served as the governor of Zhou Yunan County and served as a meritorious official. After Zhou Yu died of illness, Pang Tong went to Jiangdong to mourn, and met the famous Lu Ji, Gu Shao, Quan Cong, etc. who came there. Pang Tong thought that Quan Cong: "You like to give and admire the wise, a bit like Fan Zizhao from Runan.
Although he is not very intelligent, he is still a good story for a while." He also thought: "Lu Ji has a pack horse. Gu Shao has the ability to carry a heavy load for a long distance." Someone asked: "As you can see, Lu is better?" Pang Tong explained: "Although the pack horse is powerful, it can only carry one person. A pack ox can travel three hundred miles in a day, and the burden is more than one person!" So Gu Shao invited Pang Tong to stay overnight and asked, "You have evaluated so many celebrities, how do you and I compare?" He said: "I am not as good as you in cultivating the secular world and identifying people; but in discussing the emperor's secret strategies and recruiting the most important ones, I seem to have a long time. The essence of embracing, leaning, and lying is more advantageous to me)"
Everyone was very satisfied with Pang Tong's comments, and even became friends with him, saying: "When the world is in peace, I will definitely be with you. Talk about all the people from all over the world."
After Liu Bei took charge of Jingzhou, he appointed Pang Tong as the commander of Leiyang. However, he was unable to perform his duties well during his term and was dismissed. Lu Su sent a letter to Liu Bei to recommend Pang Tong and said: "Pang Shiyuan is not a person who manages a hundred miles of land. Only by appointing him to the post of governing the middle and not driving can he show his outstanding talent." Zhuge Liang also recommended, Liu Bei was asked to appoint him again and work in Zhizhong. His treatment was similar to that of Zhuge Liang, and he was later promoted to military advisor Zhonglang General.
Chapter 57 of the historical novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" describes that Pang Tong was appointed magistrate of Leiyang County. During Zhang Fei's surveillance, Pang Tong handled all the official affairs accumulated in more than a hundred days. The blueprint of this incident is He Zhi in "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, the Eleventh Annals of the Shu, the Biography of Yang Hong" quoted by Chen Shou in another work "Yi Bu Qi Jiu Biography".
Afterwards, he followed Liu Bei into Sichuan and Shu, and proposed a plan to directly kill Liu Zhang and conquer Sichuan and Shu with an army, but Liu Bei refused. Later, Liu Bei and Liu Zhang broke up, and Pang Tong proposed three strategies: upper, middle, and lower to capture Shu:
The upper strategy: "Immediately secretly select elite soldiers and generals, travel day and night non-stop, and raid the capital Chengdu; Liu Zhang does not understand military affairs , and there is no preparation at ordinary times. If the army suddenly arrives, it can be defeated in one fell swoop. This is the best strategy."
The middle strategy: "Baishui Pass is the throat to Chengdu and the only way back to Jingzhou. This pass. It was guarded by Yang Huai and Gao Pei. Yang Huai and Gao Pei were famous generals under Liu Zhang. They each held strong troops and guarded the passes and valleys. I heard that they had written several times to persuade Liu Zhang, hoping to return the general to Jingzhou.
General, you can send someone to greet them, saying that there is an emergency military service in Jingzhou, and you want to return the army to rescue them, and pretend to pack up and leave Sichuan; these two people will not only serve your honor, but also serve you. I guess they must have come to see you on light cavalry. You can use this to capture them, seize their soldiers, and attack Chengdu. This is the middle strategy."
The next strategy: "Stop taking Shu for the time being. , immediately returned to Baidi City, joined forces with the Jingzhou army, Xu Tu advanced, and slowly eliminated Liu Zhang. This was the last resort.
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He even thought: “If we still hesitate and do not take action, the army will be trapped and cannot wait any longer.” "Liu Bei thought that the first strategy was too hasty and the next strategy was too slow, so he adopted the middle strategy. He first killed Yang Huai and Gao Pei, captured Baishui Pass to ensure a smooth road back to Jingzhou, then advanced to Fucheng, and then attacked Chengdu. He was invincible.
When the army passed through Fucheng, Liu Bei held a banquet for everyone, drank and had fun, and said to Pang Tong: "Today's banquet is really a pleasure. But Pang Tong scolded: "Invading other people's territory while still drinking and having fun. This is not the art of war for a benevolent person." "To expose Liu Bei's ambition, Liu Bei, who was drunk at the time, said angrily: "Back then, King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty conquered Yin by singing and dancing. Wasn't he a benevolent person? What you said is inappropriate, leave quickly! " So Pang Tong left the table and retired.
Later, Liu Bei felt regretful and asked Pang Tong to return the table, and Pang Tong returned to his seat. However, Pang Tong did not thank Liu Bei for inviting him back, but he was eating and drinking himself, looking calm. Liu Bei asked him: "Whose fault do you think was at that time? Pang Tong replied: "Both the emperor and the minister were wrong." "Liu Bei laughed and continued the feast.
When Liu Bei attacked Luocheng, Pang led his army to attack the city and was shot by the defenders' arrows and died at the age of 36. Liu Bei lamented and shed tears. , Zhuge Liang also went to pay homage in person, and promoted his father to the posthumous title of Guan Neihou. In September 260, he was posthumously named Jinghou.
Extended information:
Pang Tong Temple in Luofengpo
Pang Tong Temple, also known as Longfeng Temple, is located on the side of Baima Pass in Luojiang County, Deyang City, Sichuan. It was built by Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of the Shu Han Dynasty. When Wang Pingfan rebelled against Shu, the tomb and the temple were destroyed. In the 30th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1691), the main gate, main hall, pavilions on both sides, Qifeng Hall, and Pang Tong's tomb were existing.
Thousands of pines and cypresses surround the temple and the tomb, which is lush and picturesque. There are two large cypress trees in the courtyard of the temple. It is said that they were planted by Zhang Fei. There are couplets and plaques engraved on the main entrance and the side door: "Ming Zhi Luo." Feng Cun, the late Emperor, was willing to let Wo Long be an old minister. "The stone wall behind the main hall is engraved with the biography of Pang Jinghou written by Chen Shou of the Jin Dynasty. The two horse pavilions are built on both sides, one is the white horse pavilion and the other is the rouge pavilion. The two pavilions symbolize the exchange of horses between Liu Bei and Pang Tong.
Pang Tong Ancestral Tomb is located next to Laoshan Road, only about 15 kilometers away from Deyang. It has a three-in-four layout and a stone and wood structure (stone walls, stone pillars, stone mantels, stone column corridors, stone windows), which is simple, honest, solemn and solemn. .
In order, there are the mountain gate, the "Dragon and Phoenix" Second Division Hall, the "Qifeng" Hall, and Pang Tong's mausoleum. There are a large number of precious cultural relics and historical materials such as Pang Tong and Zhuge Liang's sculptures, plaques, inscriptions, calligraphy and paintings from past dynasties. The ancestral tomb is surrounded by towering ancient cypresses and lush greenery, forming a self-contained square formation. Next to the ancestral tomb is a deeply rutted, moss-covered ancient post road, a general platform where Zhuge Liang’s eldest son Zhuge Zhan fought bloody battles with the Wei army Deng Ai, strange stone ravines, caves and mountain springs. It can be called one of the unique relics of the Shu Han Dynasty
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