Why are the weather phenomena in the troposphere complicated and changeable?
atmosphere
The earth's atmosphere has four layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and outer atmosphere.
troposphere
It extends upward from the sea level by about 17 km, but it contains 75% of the air on the earth. It is the area where convection (hot air rises and cold air falls) is the most vigorous, and it is also the place where weather phenomena occur. About 80% of the water vapor in the atmosphere exists in the troposphere, and the closer to the ground, the higher the water vapor content. The efficiency of absorbing sunlight in the atmosphere is not high. About 50% of sunlight is absorbed through the ground and released into the air.
Stratosphere (ozone layer)
The second layer of the atmosphere, which is 0/7 ~ 48km away from the ground, is called the stratosphere. The stratosphere is characterized by the increase of temperature with height, so the air is particularly stable and the atmospheric movement is mostly horizontal, so it is called stratosphere. At the bottom of the stratosphere, there is a layer of ozone gas, which can filter most harmful ultraviolet radiation in sunlight and make life on the surface of terrestrial and aquatic systems survive.
Intermediate gas layer
After entering this layer, the temperature decreases with the increase of height, reaching the top of the intermediate gas layer at a height of about 80 kilometers, and the temperature has dropped to -90℃.
Underground temperature rising zone
Above the middle layer is a warm layer. Because the atmosphere here absorbs the X-rays and γ-rays of the sun and carries out photochemical dissociation reaction, the closer it is to the sun, the hotter it gets. Therefore, it is called the warm layer. The middle layer ranges from 50 to 80 kilometers, and the temperature generally decreases upward until it reaches the middle layer and stops, and the temperature drops to about -95 degrees or lower. from
Ionosphere (below the warm layer)
The gas is thinner than the middle layer, which can absorb the ultraviolet rays of the sun, and the temperature becomes very high (up to several thousand degrees). The temperature change here is closely related to the activity of sunspots. In addition, due to the constant explosion of cosmic rays and air particles, this layer has only atomic form and no molecular form.
The magnetosphere of the earth and the magnetosphere of the sun.
Above the ionosphere is the magnetosphere. There is no clear boundary between the ionosphere and magnetosphere. The difference between ionosphere and magnetosphere lies in the number of neutral particles. There are many neutral particles in the ionosphere, which will affect the motion of charged particles. In the magnetosphere, there are few neutral particles, which can be considered as completely free gas.
Simply put:
Weather changes-sunny and cloudy with occasional showers, mainly due to the presence of water vapor in the atmosphere. The change of water vapor plays the most important role in the process of weather change. Water vapor is mainly concentrated in the troposphere, so. . . . .