Why does the World Meteorological Organization say that extreme hot weather will become more and more common in the future and will last for a long time?

In this area, the high temperature and humidity in summer have approached or even reached the limit that human beings can tolerate. We all have the experience that temperature is not the only factor that determines whether the weather is hot or not. At the same temperature, the humidity in the air is higher.

Tall, we will feel more bored. This is because when the air humidity is high, the evaporation process on the body surface will slow down and may even stop.

Stop. If the heat can't be emitted, it will naturally be more uncomfortable and the possibility of health risks is higher. ?

High temperature is undoubtedly the key word of this summer. Since the beginning of summer, a large area of China has suffered from continuous high temperature, and the highest temperature of meteorological stations in more than 60 countries has reached or exceeded the historical extreme. When we are "roasted" by the scorching sun, the question may arise: will the future summer be hotter and more difficult? Many studies have revealed the fact that under the background of climate change, the global temperature will continue to rise and extreme weather events will become more frequent. In our impression, those high temperatures beyond the range of human survival are still far away from us, at least decades later.

1. So combining air humidity with air temperature, a concept that can better reflect human feelings appears: wet bulb temperature. Simply put, the wet bulb temperature

Centigrade indicates the lowest temperature that can only be reached by evaporation of water. When the air humidity is high, it is difficult to evaporate and dissipate heat, so the wet bulb temperature

The degree is also higher.

When the wet bulb temperature reaches 32℃, no matter how strong people are, they can't move normally outdoors. The wet bulb temperature of 35℃ is considered as a human theory.

Survival limit in the world: at this temperature, the human body will not be able to sweat, and the core body temperature will exceed the survival range, leading to organ failure. this

Sometimes, even if people hide in the shade and drink enough water, people will die within a few hours.

The answer of previous model research is the second half of this century. However, the research team of this "Science Progress" paper noticed that these

Studies often collect the average temperature and humidity values of an area over a period of time (at least several hours). If you mention it further.

With the improvement of temporal and spatial resolution, will there be more extreme high temperature and high humidity weather?

Therefore, this study analyzes the hourly temperature and humidity records of 7877 weather stations around the world. These data span from 79 years to 20 years, so they can reflect the extreme weather changes in the past 40 years.

Second, the results are shocking. When these data are observed under a microscope, more details of extreme weather can be revealed. Since 1979,

The frequency of wet bulb temperature exceeding 30℃ has doubled. In the previous meteorological records, the only events in which the wet bulb temperature exceeded 33℃ during this period were

Several times; But this study found that more than 250 events exceeded 33℃.

What is even more worrying is that it was thought that the extreme situation of wet bulb temperature exceeding 35℃ would happen in the second half of this century, but this study

It tells us that in some parts of the Middle East, the weather beyond the limit of human survival has appeared twice. Although the duration of each time is only 1~2

Hours, but this has shown that this kind of weather that is enough to kill people is around us.

By analyzing the distribution of these extreme weather with high temperature and high humidity, it is found that these events are mostly concentrated in coastal areas due to seawater evaporation.

Hair will bring higher humidity. However, some inland areas are not immune: monsoon with steam and crop irrigation can also be used.

This result is partly caused. ?

3. Specifically, the Middle East along the Persian Gulf suffers from extremely hot and humid weather most frequently, affecting more than 3 million people. in the south

In Asia, northwestern Australia, the Red Sea and the Gulf Coast, such weather also occurs repeatedly; In addition, Southeast Asia, Africa, Galle

Bihai and southern China were also affected.

As the author said, the critical point of human survival limit may be closer than we expected. We don't know what the next summer will be.

It is hot, but it is foreseeable that extreme weather is gradually becoming the normal state that all mankind must face.

Climate change is not just about heat. Its destructive power may be higher than that of World War I and World War II combined, and it needs everyone's high weight.

See.

More than 1000 people have died in Spain and Portugal this year, and it is not the hottest time yet, so the following figures will be more.

It's amazing.

Even in developed areas, so many people died, and even more people died in underdeveloped equatorial countries like India and Sudan, not to mention Africa.

Some poor countries, but this information can't be news. ?

Fourth, if it is simply heat, it will not have a great impact on human beings. Worst of all, it also brought droughts, hurricanes and floods. These are all true.

It was a disaster.

In addition to the most emission reduction measures that can be used now, water conservancy construction is also an extremely important part, but this kind of super work.

Cheng is out of reach for most people, so it is ignored.

Water conservancy construction can not only solve the problem of water use, but also improve surface cooling and heat transfer, accelerate the thermal cycle of the atmosphere and reduce heat accumulation.

gathering

But from the situation in the United States, we can see how terrible it is to ignore water conservancy construction.

Due to the lack of water conservancy construction in the United States for many years, it is now

Many rivers and lakes have gone to the end, and it will be hotter in the future. The U.S. government estimates that if water conservancy projects are started now,

In other words, it will take 50 years for a project to start, so it can be predicted that its inland areas will gradually appear.

Now it is completely without water, and even directly desertification. Judging from the current construction speed, high temperature will inevitably compress the living space of human beings, and cities and villages will be abandoned because there is no water.

There will be a great migration of population, and after more people squeeze into the same area to live, contradictions will naturally accumulate and escalate, and conflicts will be difficult.

Free of charge. ?

Without timely and effective measures, many people may die in the next 50 years. They were either killed by heat, starved to death, or killed by each other.

Killed, the death toll may exceed 100 million, until human civilization is seriously retrogressed, and the heat production of industry and life is greatly reduced.

The current climate change is inseparable from the development of human civilization. It is impossible for human beings to throw away the pot. If they want to continue to develop civilization, they will

We must find a way to overcome it, otherwise everyone will pay the corresponding price and it is impossible to stay out of it.

Climate change is related to human survival, and everyone has the obligation to participate. At the same time, only everyone can participate, human beings.

To find a solution.