What etiquette education is embodied in the design of the China Pavilion of the World Expo?
Theme of the exhibition hall: crown of the East, prosperous China, granary of the world, enriching the people and strengthening the country.
Modeling Highlights: Sculpture modeling theme symbolizing the spirit of China.
Building area: three floors,15000m2.
Starting time: 65438+February 2007 65438+August.
Completion time: 2065438+00 February 8th.
Designer: He Jingtang, a native of Dongguan, Guangdong Province, is a first-class registered architect, chief architect and senior architect chartered by the state, and is known as the "father of China Pavilion".
basic document
Location: East of Expo Axis, Pudong Area A of Expo Park. National Pavilion Day flag-raising ceremony was held in China Pavilion (6 pieces). Modeling Highlights: Sculpture modeling theme symbolizing the spirit of China. Theme: China Wisdom in Urban Development. Area: The total construction area is about 16.05438+00000 square meters. National Pavilion Day: 20 1 01June 01Follow-up Utilization: China National Pavilion will be kept as the permanent theme pavilion of the World Expo, and China Regional Pavilion will be used as the venue for holding various exhibitions and activities. Commencement time: 65438+February 65438, 2007+February 8, 2007 Completion time: 2065438+February 8, 2000 Status: officially electrified on June 22, 2009.
China Pavilion is divided into two parts: National Pavilion and Regional Pavilion. The main shape of the national pavilion is vigorous and powerful, just like the towering canopy and the granary in the world; The stylobate of the regional pavilion gathers crowds, which means that the society is prosperous and extending in all directions in China. The overall layout of the national and regional pavilions is a metaphor for the China National Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo under construction.
Everything in Thailand is salty. China Pavilion takes red as the main element, which fully embodies China's concept of taking red as the theme since ancient times, and also reflects the festive atmosphere, which makes tourists marvel. [ 1]
design concept
The crown of the east, prosperous China, the granary of the world, enriching the world.
Subject concept
The architectural appearance of China Pavilion expresses the spirit and temperament of China culture with the concept of "the crown of the East". The "Dou Guan" shape of the National Pavilion incorporates the cultural elements of China traditional architecture, and the design of the regional pavilion is also full of Chinese charm, drawing lessons from many traditional elements in ancient China. The regional museum uses "overlapping seal script" to convey the geographical information of China's human history. On the facade of the wonderful (17) circular corridor of the National Pavilion on the outermost side of the regional pavilion, 34 characters of the names of China traditional dynasties will be printed in overlapping seal characters, symbolizing the long history and culture of China; On the surface of the facilities for tourists to stay and rest in the circular corridor, the names of provinces, cities and districts with 34 words will be engraved, symbolizing China's vast territory, rich resources and unity and enterprising.
Chinese element
1) the red appearance and shape of the national image of the "China Red" exhibit-China Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo is the "China Red" dedicated to the history of the 159 World Expo by China's 5,000-year-old civilization and the "China Red" presented to the world by China, which insists on reform and opening up. "We call her' China Red'." Every time I meet a foreign guest, Xu Hubin, director of China Pavilion, will proudly say, "This is collected from the construction rules of ancient buildings in China, especially the red color of the Forbidden City. 2) The "Crown of the Orient" with China characteristics is the China National Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo.
The theme of China Pavilion is "China Wisdom in Urban Development". Because it looks like an old hat, it is named "Crown of the East". 3) 24 solar terms with seal script on it not only highlights the simplicity of "Guan", but also makes people recognize these 48 characters with great interest. 4) Roof Garden: "New Jiuzhou Qingyan" appeared. Kyushu Qingyan was originally a landscape design in Yuanmingyuan, and the designer "transplanted" it around the National Pavilion to become the landscape of the National Pavilion. The newly redesigned "Kyushu Qing Banquet"-fields, rivers, fishing boats, ridges, forests, meadows, gullies and deserts-surrounds the "Oriental Crown" (forever) in a half-moon shape, which integrates the urban landscape with the natural landscape and is well worth visiting.
Cultural connotation
China Pavilion combines the ancient architectural principles of China with modern design concepts, interprets the oriental philosophy of "harmony between man and nature", and shows the beauty of art, strength, tradition and modernity, which is the best expression of China culture.
Inheritance and Translation of Traditional Culture
The "Oriental Crown" is located in a prominent position at the main entrance of the Pudong area of the Expo Park, in the visual center where the north-south axis and the east-west axis meet, with a total construction area of China National Pavilion.
With a total area of 6.5438+0.6 million square meters, it consists of two parts: the national pavilion and the regional pavilion. The National Pavilion stands out in the middle and looks like a crown, overlapping to form a bucket arch. It has four thick square columns supporting the barrel-shaped main building. The bucket arches are orderly, and the more they hold, the tighter they get. The seemingly fragmentary parts have incalculable bearing capacity and can hold up the weight of the Millennium. The biggest advantage is that the structural mechanism is "grand, dignified and magnificent". Four big pillars support a "bucket crown", which is made up of 56 beams (symbolizing 56 nationalities) in accordance with the principle of small under the bucket arch. It symbolizes the ideological theme of the people of China that "as long as we are United, nothing is impossible". Bucket arch is a symbolic image that can arouse sporadic thinking. I think China people are willing to give it such a meaning. At the same time, foreigners who come to the Expo will know that it belongs to China. There are three major architectural systems in the world, and only the ancient buildings in China have wisely adopted the bucket arch. Bucket arch is a unique component in the traditional wooden structure of China, which appeared as early as the 5th century BC. It overhangs the eaves and overlaps them layer by layer, transferring the stress of the eaves evenly to the columns, with the aim of enlarging the eaves and making them beautiful. This form has been applied in Beijing Tiananmen Square, Shaanxi Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, xi Bell and Drum Tower and other buildings. Bucket arch is not only a load-bearing component, but also an artistic component. Its application makes architecture form a trend of "flying like a bird". In traditional architecture, the structure of "tenons and tenons interspersed and layers protruding" has become the cultural expression of the architectural form of China Pavilion. Academician He Jingtang, the chief designer of China Pavilion, said: "China culture has a long history. It is difficult to express the essence of culture with a specific image, and it must be refined from the overall image." In order to choose a reasonable shape, every cultural symbol seems to be a part of China culture, from China's paintings to sculptures, from unearthed cultural relics to Jiangnan gardens, from hieroglyphics to Peking Opera masks, but it seems that every symbol can't reach their ideal state. After careful consideration, the bucket arch in China's traditional architecture inspired the architects greatly, so I decided to start with it and finally succeeded. In ancient architecture, the bucket arch can protrude from the eaves by up to 4 meters, while in modern architecture, steel structure and concrete can play a greater role. During the construction process, the China Pavilion made a pioneering interpretation of traditional elements and made bold innovations, straightening the traditional curves and projecting them layer by layer. The shortest part of the bucket arch reaches 45 meters, and the most inclined part reaches 49 meters, which makes the main shape show the strength and structural beauty of modern engineering technology. These simple decorative lines naturally complete the contemporary expression of traditional architecture. If we look down at the design of China Pavilion, we will find that its top surface is a grid structure with clear latitude and longitude. This design is inspired by the chessboard layout of ancient cities in China, which is the so-called "Jiugongge" structure, echoing the Chang 'an City, the Imperial City and the Forbidden City in the Tang Dynasty. Its cultural connotation comes from the theory of the shape of the king city in the Zhou Dynasty. "Zhou Li takes an examination of Gong Ji" says: "The craftsman governs the country, and the nine miles, three doors, nine classics and nine tracks are in the middle." The designer discovered bronzes, pottery, etc. In the rich mines of China culture, and draw inspiration from the Jiugongge of traditional buildings in China. Finally, they refined the traditional building component, the Dougong, and designed it with "China's Instrument", which was later named "The Crown of the East". China's philosophical thoughts have been integrated into the building itself, such as "harmony between man and nature", "harmonious life" and "Taoism is natural". The overall layout of the National Pavilion and the Regional Pavilion symbolizes the desire of "harmony between heaven and earth, harmony between everything" and shows the vision of an ideal social environment for human settlement, which is consistent with the slogan of this World Expo. The construction of China Pavilion not only absorbs the nutrition of traditional culture, but also develops and innovates, making it vigorous and powerful, like an indomitable canopy, with modern consciousness and in line with the contemporary international advanced aesthetic trend.
The embodiment and expression of China characteristics
China Pavilion "The Crown of the East" has obvious China characteristics. It combines many China elements, and integrates, refines and forms them by modern methods. China National Pavilion.
[2] The shape of the National Pavilion also draws lessons from the concept of Ding Qi culture in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. A tripod has four legs for support. As a landmark building in the national ceremony, it is not enough to have the shape of a bucket arch, but also to convey a sense of output and authority. This requires four groups of giant columns, like giant four-legged tripod, to lift the China Pavilion above the head, showing a kind of unrestrained momentum, and at the same time to get rid of the sense of oppression of this huge building. These four groups of giant columns are all 18.6 m× 18.6 m, which lifts the upper exhibition hall to form a huge structural space with a clear height of 2 1 m, giving people a "stimulating" visual effect, and the selected inclined bucket arch can better convey a sense of "strength". Through the ingenious combination of giant columns and bucket arches, the stress is reasonably distributed, making the whole building safe, atmospheric, spectacular and full of Chinese style. At the same time, the forward-leaning inverted trapezoidal structure is another challenge to mechanics by modern architecture. The scientific application of traditional building components is another creation of China people, which conveys the idea of the rise of a great country to the world and also shows the cultural confidence of China people to the world. The shape of China Pavilion has the characteristics of iconic, regional and unique, and what color is its appearance is another issue that people pay attention to. So, what color best represents the characteristics of China? Designers will naturally think of "China Red", a color representing joy and inspiration, an atmospheric, steady and classic color. However, red is difficult to use in large buildings. Because of the strong wavelength and glare, jumping may have the feeling of floating and affect the overall image. In fact, China Red is a fuzzy color. Red couplets, red lanterns and red Chinese knots are all called China Red. However, in different historical time and space environments, it presents a variety of aesthetic expressions. For example, there are five kinds of "red" displayed in the Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City. How to use "China Red" in modern architecture? Therefore, the designer specially invited experts from China Academy of Fine Arts. Through repeated experiments, on-the-spot observation and physical comparison, it was finally agreed that China Pavilion could not use one red color, but borrowed the color of the Forbidden City and adopted various gradations. As a result, China Pavilion has four "faded" red gradations from top to bottom and from deep to shallow, which are traditional and fashionable, enriching the connotation of China Red and making the whole building feel layered and spatial, full of vitality and vigor. Covered with "China Red", China Pavilion conveys festive, auspicious, joyful and harmonious feelings and displays the national character of "enthusiasm, forge ahead and unity". This is another best interpretation of the characteristics of China. The crown of the East, towering into the sky, symbolizes the prosperity of China. The regional pavilion lying flat under the national pavilion has formed a deep supporting state, providing a heavy and solid platform for people's activities. Its layout draws lessons from Gong Yu's territorial generalization, namely "Kyushu" theory. This is also reflected in Yuanmingyuan, and the cultural roots of its cultural concept and spatial awareness can be traced back to Zhouyi. The ingenious layout of national pavilions and regional pavilions, in order of priority, symbolizes the spirit of national unity and implies social prosperity. The air veranda, terrace and garden sketch around the regional pavilion are perfectly connected with each other. The exterior of the building is engraved with overlapping seal characters, and the names of Chinese historical dynasties are printed on the facade outside the corridor, which symbolizes the long history of China culture. On the sketch surface of the circular corridor, the names of provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China are also engraved, which symbolizes the unity and cooperation of China with a vast territory and rich resources. All these fully and meticulously reflect the characteristics of China.
Highlight and carry forward the spirit of the times
The absolute height of the majestic China Pavilion is 63m, which is equivalent to the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi (64m). It has great shock and visual impact. It is shaped like a tripod and a huge glass. It is held high and warmly welcomes friends from all over the world. At the same time, it spreads its wings like a Dapeng, which indicates that China will take off in Wan Li and dominate the world. China Pavilion keeps pace with the times and conforms to the development trend of the times. Facing the upcoming China World Expo, the China Pavilion submitted a "Declaration of the Times" in the form of architecture. China Pavilion shows the world a vibrant, harmonious and modern China through the interpretation and creation of China elements by modern technology. The national pavilion where the crown is located is completely empty at the lower part of 33 meters. These central symmetrical spaces and the plane extension space of the regional exhibition hall provide people with enough open space for leisure communication. Specifically, there are four communication platforms, which embody the important concepts of modern international architectural design, namely openness and publicity, and embody the spirit of the times. 2 1 century today, environmental and energy problems are realistic problems in the process of urbanization, and the construction of China Pavilion reveals the information of environmental protection and energy conservation everywhere. The exterior wall material adopts non-radioactive and pollution-free green products; All pipes and subway vents are cleverly hidden in the building; The landscape platform on the top floor of the National Pavilion uses the most advanced solar panels to store sunlight and convert it into electricity, which can realize the self-sufficiency of lighting in China Pavilion. At the same time, there is also a rainwater collection and treatment system, which is used to wash toilets and vehicles after purification; The skin of the regional pavilion is also designed with a climate buffer zone, and the roof adopts eco-agricultural landscape technology. Soil layer covering 1.5m can realize effective heat insulation and save energy by more than 10%. Small-scale constructed wetland technology is introduced into the large-step water landscape on the south side of the regional pavilion and the garden design on the south side to provide ecological landscape for local cities without occupying a lot of land. The majestic China Pavilion of the World Expo interprets the unique architectural aesthetics of China, embodies the profound China culture, expresses the open feelings of hundreds of millions of people in China, and shows the China wisdom of urban development. Oriental crown, China tradition, China characteristics, China spirit.