What is the identity of Xie An, a famous hermit in the Eastern Jin Dynasty?
Xie Ansheng was in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was a famous hermit, politician and strategist at that time, all of whom were proficient in Wen Tao's martial arts. He didn't become an official until he was 40. After that, he joined the court for more than 20 years. It can be said that his life has truly achieved self-cultivation and family, and ruled the country.
Xie' an portrait
Xie An was praised mainly for his political and military achievements. He is called "a great statesman with tolerance and courage in the history of China". During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the country was divided internally, and there were five lakes and sixteen countries in the north. Political turmoil and constant wars. When Xie An became an official, he tried his best to assist the young emperor and constantly eased the contradiction between the DPRK and China. Preventing Huan Wen from usurping the throne and directing the battle of Surabaya was Xie An's most important political and military achievement, which won decades of peace and stability for the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Compared with being an official in politics, Xie An spent more of his 66 years in seclusion. Xie An was born in a noble family and had a good reputation since he was a child, but his ambition was not in officialdom, so he always evaded the recruitment of the imperial court by seclusion. Xie An has been living in seclusion in Dongshan, Huiji. The friends he plays with are celebrities and monks, and the most famous one is Wang Xizhi. In addition, Xie An is also versatile. Zeng studied running script from Wang Xizhi and was proficient in music.
Because later generations have a high opinion of Xie An, there are many anecdotes and allusions related to him. For example, "Make a comeback" tells that Xie An lived in Dongshan for a long time and became an official at the age of 40; For example, "Singing Catkin Talented Persons" tells that Xie An once got together with the children at home to talk about poetry on a snowy day and asked what snowflakes looked like. My niece Xie Daowen's answer was praised by Xie An, flying like catkins.
Xie An Xie's family is one of the largest families in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. There are many celebrities in the history of Xie An's descendants, among which Xie Xuan's nephew Xie Xuan and Xie Xuan's grandson Xie Lingyun are the most famous.
Battle of Xie 'an's Feishui
The Battle of Feishui is Xie An's greatest military experience, a highlight in his life, and even one of the most important battles in the history of China. Xie An was the commander-in-chief of the Battle of Feishui in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the end, it not only won more with less, but also won a great victory, and the former Qin dynasty was devastated.
Battle of feishui
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, northern minorities successively established political power, headed by Wuhu. Among them, the former Qin dynasty gradually unified the Yellow River basin in the north by annexing other countries. With the growing national strength, the ambition of Fu Jian, the former king of Qin, is also increasing. He began to plot the Eastern Jin Dynasty and wanted to unify the north and the south. A.D. 383 was the most important and decisive battle in the war of the former Qin Dynasty invading the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
As early as 377, Xie An began to prepare for war. He recommended his nephew Xie Xuan to be in charge of the military defense in the north and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River himself, while Xie Xuan lived up to expectations, recruited and trained elite soldiers, and formed the northern government soldiers. In the second year, Fu Jian sent troops to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and it took a year to capture Xiangyang. Then the battle of Huainan broke out, and Xie An and Xie Xuan wiped out the enemy.
In August 383, Fu Jian not only sent 250,000 pioneers, but also led more than 800,000 troops to invade the south, and fought a decisive battle with 80,000 northern government soldiers led by Xie Xuan at Feishui. In the end, the Eastern Jin Dynasty defeated the strong with weakness and won a great victory. The former Qin dynasty not only wiped out its own army, but also dispersed a large number of troops, while the Eastern Jin Dynasty suffered only 5,000 casualties. Various strategic and tactical mistakes in the pre-Qin period were the main reasons for the failure of this campaign, and Xie An, as the commander in chief, contributed to the victory of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
After the Battle of Feishui, the former Qin Dynasty declined or even disappeared, and Fu Jian was killed two years later. The Eastern Jin Dynasty used the Northern Expedition to recover a lot of lost land, and no foreign countries dared to invade in the following decades.
Xie 'an family
During the Jin Dynasty, there were many gentry, large and small, all over the country because of the gate valve system. Among the gentry, Wang of Langya and Xie of Chenjun have the greatest influence and the highest reputation, which was later called "".Among them, the Xie family is the Xie family, which has made the greatest contribution to literature.
Portrait of Xie Tiao
Xie Jia of Chen Jun is said to be Xie An's great-grandfather, which can be traced back to the Cao Wei period of the Three Kingdoms. After that, several Xie family members recorded in the history books were all officials, but their official positions in North Korea were not very high, so Xie did not become the top door at that time. Xie's real prosperity is in Xie 'an generation.
It is said that Xie An has three brothers and three younger brothers among his peers. Among them, the subordinate brother Xie Shang was a famous romantic celebrity at that time. He was versatile, proficient in music and dance, and later made great achievements for the official. Eldest brother Xie Yi used to be an official in Yuzhou. But it is Xie An who really makes it a family that can compete with the Wangs. Especially after Xie An won the Battle of Feishui, not only did Xie An's personal prestige rise to the peak, but his younger brother Xie Shi and nephew Xie Xuan also made contributions in the war and received corresponding rewards. Due to many contributions, Xie Jia rose from now on and has been brilliant for more than 300 years.
After Xie An, although Xie Jia did not appear again, there were no children who could make great achievements and bring great glory to the family like him. However, several important poets and writers in the history of China all came from Xie Jia. Among them, "Dayu" Xie Lingyun and "Xiao Xie" Xie Tiao are the most famous. These two men are the founders and pioneers of China's landscape poems, and the brilliance of Tang poetry has a great relationship with them.
Xiean tomb
Xie An died at the age of 66 from 10 to 12. Because he didn't have a cemetery, Emperor Xiaowu not only gave him a good coffin, but also chose a treasure house for him in Meiling (now Nanjing). Unfortunately, it was later destroyed by a grave robbery, and later generations cleaned up the residual bones and reburied them.
Xiean tomb
According to historical records, although Xie Jia after the demise of the Eastern Jin Dynasty did not live up to the glory of that year, it was still enough to protect the cemetery of its ancestor Xie 'an. But in the Southern Dynasties, Chen Wendi's second son, Chen Shuling, chose a cemetery for his biological mother, took a fancy to the location of Xie An's tomb, so he dug up the cemetery and even occupied Xie An's coffin, which was a bird's nest. It was not until Chen Shuling was killed that the cemetery was returned to Xie Jia, but Xie An's coffin was not returned.
Now Xie 'an Tomb is located in Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. There is a Taifu village in the local area. This "Taifu" refers to Xie An, and his cemetery is in Sanyagang over there. At that time, a descendant of Xie An was a county magistrate here, and his coffin was moved and buried here. It is said that there were both tombstones and pillars here in the Tang Dynasty. Although tombstones were rebuilt and added in the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, Xie 'an's tomb was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, leaving only two tombstones. It has been rebuilt and opened to the outside world.
Compared with the misery of Xie 'an Tomb in Changxing, Xie 'an Tomb in Shangyu, Shaoxing is much luckier. This is Xie An's former residence, Dongshan, where he lived in seclusion, and Xie Jiaju later moved here. It is said that Xie An always had a long-cherished wish to return to Dongshan before his death. After the destruction of Xie 'an Tomb in Nanjing, a tomb was rebuilt here. Because it is Xie Jia's residence, this cemetery has been well protected. In recent years, the local government has renovated it. Now it is located in the local Dongshan Temple. There are not only cemeteries here, but also mausoleums, pavilions and an ancestral temple.