Why are some people afraid of the cold, while others can walk around in short sleeves and shorts?
The cold air seems to have arrived very early this year. Not long ago, Ming Ming was running around in a T-shirt, but after a few rains, he jumped directly from summer to winter! It also snowed heavily in many places in the north. People shivered with the temperature. Have you ever wondered what it is like to feel cold? Why are some people afraid of the cold, while others can walk around in short sleeves and shorts?
Come on, calculate your current body temperature
In fact, there is a sophisticated air conditioner in the human body. 37°C is just an approximate number for body temperature. Every part of the human body, every day There are differences in body temperature in the morning and evening and between men and women. The human body regulates body temperature very precisely. If your body temperature changes by just 0.5°C from the normal value, you will feel uncomfortable.
▲The temperature is cooling across the country, and it is said that it is snowing in Beijing
At what temperature does someone feel cold? When the outside temperature is below 20 degrees Celsius, and the temperature difference between the human body and the outside is 17 degrees, people will usually start to feel cold. If the temperature is below 10 degrees, they will feel freezing. It was so cold that many people silently put on their long johns. (What’s fashionable? It’s important to save your life)
The wind and humidity outside affect the body temperature. When cooling down, your body silently forms a small layer of air around you to keep you warm. The temperature of the small air layer is slightly higher than the air temperature and slightly lower than the body temperature. At this time, a strong wind blows, and the warm air layer is blown away, so you naturally feel cold.
▲The sensory temperature displayed by infrared irradiation
In the same way, humidity will also affect the sensory temperature. When the weather is cold, the greater the humidity, the colder it is (this is why many northerners come to the south of the Yangtze River, and when encountering wet and cold winters without heating, they are too cold to take out the quilt!); when the weather is hot, the greater the humidity, the colder it is. Hot (think sauna days). The most typical comparison is between Beijing and Shanghai: in winter with the same temperature, Shanghai feels colder.
▲The above data comes from the data of Moji Weather APP on October 30th
The somatosensory temperature has a complex calculation formula. Multiply a simple coefficient before the wind speed, and multiply by a coefficient before the humidity. Simple coefficients? Requires a combination of theoretical and local coefficients. In daily life, we can refer to the "Moji Weather App" to find the data of the day.
Why do we feel cold? There are two types of temperature receptors around the human body: cold receptors and temperature receptors, which are distributed in the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs. When the human body is stimulated by low temperature, the cold receptors will be excited and transmit the signal through the nerves to the temperature sensing center of the cerebral cortex, causing people to feel cold.
How to keep warm when the temperature drops suddenly?
Having encountered a sudden drop in temperature, are you wearing the right clothes? After the weather gets cold, the human body's ability to resist cold decreases. If you want to protect yourself from the invasion of cold evil, you cannot ignore keeping warm and pay attention to it from head to toe.
The thicker the clothes, the less cold you feel? When the weather is cold, you should wear more clothes, but wearing more clothes does not mean you will be warmer. To choose clothes with suitable materials, it is recommended to choose clothes with low thermal conductivity of air, which can better preserve body heat and thus keep warm.
The warmth of clothing is related to the air content, breathability and thickness of the material. The insulation of clothing is mainly achieved by reducing heat conduction.
Staying dry is the first priority for staying warm. In terms of the material of the clothes, polyester, nylon and other chemical fiber clothes are better at keeping warm than the cotton underwear we are accustomed to think of, because the cotton fiber itself absorbs water and moisture, which is not conducive to water evaporation and can lead to dampness.
When we go out, we will definitely wear a thick layer of warmth. At this time, cotton, sweaters, and fleece are common choices. But no matter which one is a "cage built through fibers", it fixes the air to maintain heat-because air has a relatively low thermal conductivity among common materials, so if a coat can be filled with air, it is both lightweight and heat-insulating.
The motherland is so big, a manual to keep warm by region
Although the whole country is cooling down at the same time, over 9.6 million square kilometers, even the dawn time will differ by 2 hours, let alone the temperature. . As mentioned before, humidity, wind, warmth source and psychological tolerance will all affect our body temperature. Therefore, the rules for warm clothing in different regions are also different. Let us learn about it:
South-Central and East China: As the area with the highest latitudes that are wet, cold, windy, and without heating, it has been known nationwide as the "most abnormal cold wave" region in recent years. When the cold wave comes, this area requires both thermal underwear and external equipment. It is highly recommended to wear thermal underwear as the close-fitting layer, and add fleece jackets, inner-wearing down jackets, etc. as the middle layer. The outer layer blocks the wind. If possible, you can also choose jackets and shoes with waterproof and breathable coatings for rainy (snowy) days. convenient.
Southern China: Although the degree of coldness is the same as that of Central and South China, the degree is much lighter. Therefore, it is enough that the thickness and performance of each layer are lighter than those in the central and southern regions. The winter in South China is actually not that wet, because the wettest season is in the spring of April and May, which is the most famous "Hui Nan Tian" where mushrooms grow on the walls.
Northeast region: Several large cities in the Northeast are mostly located in the western plains, which are relatively dry. The close-fitting layer does not have such high requirements for "quick drying". The focus should be on heat insulation-the middle layer can be relied on to keep warm. Thickness creates an effect. Of course, down jackets are more efficient and more comfortable to wear.
If combined with the infrared reflective coating on the inner layer of the jacket's new technology in recent years, it will become even less baggy.
North China and Western Region: Dry, cold, and windy winters are the characteristics of this region.
Therefore, the key to keeping warm is not only heat insulation, but also wind protection. Since the absolute temperature is not as low as in the Northeast, as long as you don’t let the strong wind blow away the heat in your body, the insulation measures when going out do not need to be as strict as in North China_
Of course, this is just an example of typical winter weather conditions in various regions. What to wear depends on the local weather conditions of the day. Remember that in addition to temperature, humidity and wind speed determine whether you feel cold or warm, so check the weather forecast. In addition to caring about the weather and temperature, you also need to pay attention to humidity and wind direction~
Postscript
There is a kind of cold called sudden cooling. Are you still rummaging through the cabinets to find cotton-padded clothes and trousers?