Want to know: Naihe Bridge

Naihe Bridge Naihe Bridge is the only place where ghosts in the Ten Halls of China are ready to be reincarnated after they arrive in Yamaraja. Here, an elderly goddess named Meng Po will be dedicated, and each ghost will be given a bowl of Mengpo soup to forget the memory of past lives, so as to be reborn in the next life. The word helplessness is quoted from Sanskrit, which means hell. Legend has it that when the dead come here, the guilty will be pushed into the "blood pool" by cattle and horses on both sides and tortured by insects, ants and poisonous snakes, but it is very simple for the dead who do good to cross the bridge. In Chinese, the word "helplessness" only means helplessness and helplessness. There are two popular sayings about this bridge, one is called Naihe Bridge, and the other is called Naihe Bridge. There is a certain connection between the two, but there are also differences. Naihe Bridge/Naihe Bridge Abyss (Buddhist site); The bridge of no return "Naihe" is the name of the river in hell as Buddhism says. The fourth volume of Xuanshizhi records: "It travels for more than ten miles, reaching a water, not a few feet wide, and flows to the southwest. Looking at Xi, Xi said, "The so-called Nai River in this custom originated from the underworld". Look at it, its water is blood, but it is not close. " Because there is a bridge over the river, it is named "Naihe Bridge". The bridge is narrow and flat, and the sun and night gods guard it day and night. The river of blood under the bridge is full of insects and snakes, the waves are rolling and the wind is blowing hard. The ghost of the wicked fell into the river, as described in The Journey to the West's tenth episode: "Copper snakes and iron dogs compete for food, and there is no way to fall into the river forever." Can't help but remind people of the horror of the Nai River in the underworld. Journey to the West 1 1 Back: The judge said, Your Majesty, this is called Naihe Bridge. Go to the dead, be sure to pass! Folklore: After death, all souls have to cross the Naihe Bridge. The good crossed the bridge smoothly under the protection of Buddha, and the evil plunged into the blood pool to suffer. The book Investigation of Religious Customs in Du Feng describes this in detail: "... the bridge is divided into three layers (or three layers), the ghosts of good people can cross the upper bridge safely, the ghosts of evil people cross the middle bridge, and the ghosts of evil people cross the lower bridge, which are mostly stopped by ghosts in the dirty waves under the bridge and bitten by copper snakes and iron dogs." At the annual incense party, pilgrims rushed to throw paper money or copper coins into the pool and sprinkle fried rice into the pool, thinking that they could give it to hungry ghosts. Many elderly pilgrims like to walk on the bridge, thinking that they can avoid the pain of crossing the Naihe Bridge after death. " It can be seen that before the founding of the People's Republic of China, some kind men and women went to the bridge to burn incense and paper, and gave money and material piety, just asking the Buddha to bless Naihe Bridge after his death! According to legend, there is a road called Huang Quan Road, a river called Forget Sichuan and a bridge called Naihe Bridge. Crossing the Naihe Bridge, there is an earthen platform called Wangxiangtai. There is an old woman who sells Meng Po soup by Wangxiangtai. Forget that there is a stone by the river called Sansheng Stone. Meng Po Tang makes you forget everything, and Sansheng Stone records your past life. We walked across Naihe Bridge, saw the world for the last time on Wangxiangtai, and drank a cup of boiled water in Forgotten River. Why insist on "there is no fate in this life"? This bridge is the boundary, and a new cycle begins. Qingshiqiao moves in five steps, the west of the bridge is female, the east of the bridge is male, the left is yin, and the right is yang. If anyone dies at the age of 97, Naiheqiao will wait three years. Looking back at the Millennium, a century-old agreement. Perhaps the love of husband and wife in this life begins in Sri Lanka and ends here. Under the Naihe Bridge, thousands of feet is surrounded by a sea of clouds, waiting for the afterlife. Nobody knows what it is. The agreement of the afterlife is only a follow-up to this life. After drinking Meng Po Tang, I forgot everything. Meeting in the afterlife is just a new beginning. Naiheqiao, how can we leave in the past, meet in this life and meet again in the afterlife? "Meng Po Tang" is an ancient legend in China, which was recorded in an ancient book of Zilan family. In that legend, people repeat it from generation to generation. The end of this life is only the beginning of the next life. People who have experienced life again and again can't have memories of past lives, just because everyone drinks Meng Po Tang on Naihe Bridge before being reborn. Therefore, walking on the Naihe Bridge is the last time a person has memories of this life. At this moment, many people still cling to the unfinished wishes of their previous lives, but deeply understand that these wishes can not be realized after all, so they sigh. This is also the reason why this bridge connecting generations is named Naihe Bridge. Beautiful legend says that Naihe Bridge can connect gods, immortals, heaven, ghosts, hades and hell. From the perspective of folk culture, bridges and their symbolic meanings are used by people to establish contact or form a transition and intermediary between people and ghosts, life and death. Compared with myths and fairy tales, there is another unique ghost story in China folk word-of-mouth literature. Although we often use "nonsense" to describe someone's absurdity or lack of credibility, it is no accident that "bridge" appears repeatedly in folk "nonsense". In our opinion, this is not absurd. In Chinese folk beliefs, "ghost" is a negative supernatural existence caused by death. In many stories circulating around China, ghosts often haunt bridges, especially those of drowning people. The ghosts of the dead who died in the water or fell off the bridge are always looking for their own body body double, so that they can be reincarnated. In this sense, the bridge is not only the place where the ghost of the dead leaves the underworld to be reincarnated into the afterlife, but also the place where new dead people constantly appear and disappear from the world. The alternation and transformation of life and death is realized through bridges. Differences and connections In Japan, there is also a saying that ghosts or resentful spirits of people who have died unjustly wander on the bridge, and often when the bridge is invited, they overturn the bridge deck and make people fall into the water. Some kind-hearted water ghosts who can't bear to drag people into body double, although they can't be reincarnated immediately in nonsense, can often get promoted in hades, or they can always touch hades in the end, and even get permission from hades to be reincarnated. There is a story called Lu Atang, which tells that there is a Lujia Bridge on the Li Anqi River in Baoshan, with Lujia Building in the south and Tangjialou in the north. The two surnames * * * benefited from this bridge, so the two sides agreed to build it in turn every March. One year, when Lujia was repairing a bridge, unfortunately, a man fell into the water and became a water ghost. In March of the following year, the water ghost dragged the Tang family to build a bridge, fell into the water as body double, and was reborn back to death. Since then, when the bridge was repaired in March every year, people always fell into the water and died. People were afraid to repair it, which led to the destruction of the bridge. Later, a man named Lu Atang, whose wife adopted him from the Tang family, volunteered to be a scapegoat, so that everyone could rest assured to build the bridge. After Lu Atang became a water ghost, he not only couldn't bear to drag others into the water, but also blessed the bridge repairman under the bridge. So people from Lu and surnamed tang proposed a toast to him. Later, everyone who passed the bridge had to hand over at the bridgehead before crossing it to show their respect for Lu Atang. When the bridge is built once a year in March, the incense offered to Lu Atang is more abundant, which finally alarmed the "land" of Lu Tangjia. After the earth god told the jade emperor, the jade emperor named Lu Atang as the bridge god of the continental bridge and gave him a ghost stick. Since then, Lujiaqiao has been safer, and even people who fell into the water will not be drowned, because after being named the bridge god, Lu Atang devoted himself to removing pesticides for the people. Sometimes, people will be driven away by ghosts, but as long as they run to the bridge, they will be protected by the bridge god Lu Atang. Interestingly, there are also some stories about bridges. There are often stories about female ghosts giving birth in the underworld and begging for food for babies on the bridge or at the bridge head. One of the stories said that the baby was named Bridge and later won the first prize. In addition, there is even a story that Yan ordered Yin Cai, a confidant assistant, to control water ghosts and ordered him to build a pontoon bridge for the people to make amends. Meng Po: According to legend, Meng Po was born in the Western Han Dynasty and studied Confucian books since childhood. When he grew up, he began to recite Buddhist scriptures. When she was alive, she never looked back and never thought about the future. She just wholeheartedly advised people not to kill, but to be vegetarian. She was a virgin until she was eighty-one. She only knows her family name is Meng, so she is called "Granny Meng Po". Later, Meng Po went to practice in the mountains until the later Han Dynasty. Because at that time, people who knew the karma of past lives often revealed secrets, therefore, God appointed Meng Po Lao Nai as the god of the underworld and built a platform for her to forget. In "The Necromancer of Yan", it is said that after being punished in each temple, ghosts are sent to the next temple in turn, and finally transferred to the tenth temple to be delivered to the wheel king. The tenth hall is responsible for the incarnation of ghosts. All ghosts sent here to be reborn will be taken to the forgetting stage under the control of Meng Po, so that ghosts can forget their past lives. According to legend, the practice of Meng Po Tang is to send ghosts to all parts of the Ten Halls, and then add herbs collected from the secular to make a soup similar to wine, which is divided into five flavors: sweet, bitter, pungent, sour and salty. All ghosts who are going to be reborn have to drink Meng Po's ecstasy soup. If a sly ghost refuses to drink, a hook knife will trip his foot at once, and a sharp copper pipe will pierce his throat and force him to swallow it. No ghost can be spared. Meng Po has a Meng Po shop in the underworld, and his place of residence is Meng Po Zhuang. There is a story about Meng Po Village in Volume 8 of Hefeng written by Shen Qifeng in Qing Dynasty: Ge Sheng will be reborn if he doesn't drink ecstasy soup. Once upon a time, there was a geisha named Lanrui. She has a sister as beautiful as flowers and pure as jade, Yu Rui. Yu Rui and Ge Sheng fell in love, but because Ge Sheng was poor, she had no money to marry Yu Rui. Later, LanRui died of illness, and Ge Sheng was double suicide because he could not spend his life with Yu Rui. Ge died and went to the underworld. Seeing his innocent death, Yan Luowang sentenced him to reincarnation. When Ge Sheng heard the order, he was ready to be reborn again. Ge Sheng was walking alone when he suddenly came to a hut full of vines. I saw hundreds of men and women scrambling to grab the ladle and hurriedly scoop water from the stove. Ge Sheng felt thirsty, because he was tired from walking, so he also wanted to drink water from the spoon. At this moment, a woman came out from behind the shed. Ge Sheng looked carefully, and it turned out to be Lanrui. LanRui asked him why he came here, and Ge Sheng told her in detail. After learning this, LanRui leaned into Ge Sheng's ear and whispered, "Don't you know that this is Meng Po Village? Fortunately, Meng Po went to celebrate Mrs Kou's birthday today, and let me take charge of the ladle for the time being. If you drink the ecstasy soup in this ladle like those people, you can't come back to life. " Hearing this, Ge Sheng couldn't help feeling happy. Later, under the guidance of Lanrui, Ge Sheng found his old way and returned to the world. In addition, in the "Meng Po Tang" in Wang Youguang's Interpretation of Wuxia Proverbs in the Qing Dynasty, there is also a description about ghosts drinking ecstasy soup: after death, people go to Meng Po Village first. The soldiers escorted the ghost through the walls of Meng Po Village and went to hades for interrogation. After the decision, the living Dan L will be recorded in the transfer register. Every ghost sentenced to reincarnation will come back from Meng Po Zhuang. At the entrance of Meng Po Zhuang, an old woman stood there to greet the newcomers, walked up the stairs and entered. The village is full of carved beams and painted buildings, and the pillars are made of stone; There are exquisite and gorgeous lines, curtains made of pearls and jade, and a big table carved with jade in the hall. After the couple entered the room, the old woman called out three girls, namely Jiang Meng, Meng Yong and Meng Ge. All three were dressed in red skirts and jackets hung down by greensleeves. They all looked beautiful as flowers and pure as jade. They also called Lang Jun softly and brushed the mat with their hands, inviting guests to sit down. After the couple sat down, the servant girl brought tea. Three beautiful women were around, all offering tea with delicate fingers, and the jade ring was crisp and fragrant. Under such circumstances, it is really hard to refuse not to drink. I get dizzy as soon as I hold a teacup. I took a sip lightly, but I felt very cool. It can quench my thirst and I can't help swallowing it. After drinking, I suddenly saw a spoonful of muddy mud at the bottom of the cup. I looked up and found that the original beautiful and charming beauty and old woman had become a frozen skeleton. Walking out of the gate, I saw the original carved beams and painted buildings, all of which were dead wood, as if I were in the middle of nowhere and forgot everything before my death. In a moment of panic and pain, he suddenly fell to the ground crying and became a little baby who knew nothing. Naiheqiao's folk beliefs have a long history in China. Zhang Du's Xuanshizhi in the Tang Dynasty mentioned that Naihai came from the underworld. There has always been an idea in ancient China that the dead and the dead are separated by a river, and there must be a bridge between the dead. Duan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, mentioned ghost Dao in Youyang Miscellanies, saying, "... there is water flowing east and west, ... Jinqiao Yuqiao, crossing the bridge to the north and entering the city, ... suspected to be a ghost companion." Later, China's traditional concept of hell coincided with Buddhism's concepts of hell, death and reincarnation, and gradually formed the popular belief of helplessness, harmony and bridge. Around the Southern Song Dynasty, folk legends of the underworld gradually determined that the ghost of the underworld was located in Fengdu County, Sichuan Province. Since then, buildings have been built in Fengdu Ghost House, including the Yin-Yang boundary and Naihe Bridge, which people often say. Naihe Bridge in Fengdu Ghost House is probably the most famous bridge in China. According to the Anthropologist Wei Huilin 1935' s Survey of Religious Customs in Fengdu, there is a stone arch bridge called Naihe Bridge in front of the hall in Fengdu Ghost House, and the next stone pool under the bridge is the blood pool. Naihe Bridge, the East is the Dizang King Hall, and the West is the Blood River General Hall. It is said that the helpless river is the first level for ghosts to cross. In order to attach this "ghost story", Chunzhu, the king of Shu in the Ming Dynasty, built three multi-arch stone bridges in Pingdu Mountain, Fengdu, and called them Naihe Bridge. It is said that in the old society, pilgrims had to burn incense and paper before crossing the Naihe Bridge here and pray for God's blessing. Moreover, monks in the temple often deliberately paint tung oil on the bridge deck of Qingshiqiao, so that people crossing the bridge often slip and frighten to death to get more incense money. Naihe Bridge in Fengdu Ghost Town, Chongqing: There are three stone arch bridges side by side in front of the famous Liaoyang Temple. These three bridges are all built on the flat ground, with the same size and shape. Each bridge is only four feet wide, with carved stone fences on both sides. The bridge deck is slightly curved and paved with bluestone, with two steps at both ends. There is a pond under the bridge, and the bottom and wall of the pond are inlaid with stones. According to records, this bridge was built in the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. It was built in front of Liaoyang Temple by Chun Zhu, the king of Shu Xian in the Ming Dynasty. More than 500 years ago, it was renamed Naihe Bridge by Buddhists, and the stone pool under the bridge was called "Blood Hechi". Summary: There are many different stories about Naihe Bridge in China. Or there is a Naihe River in the underworld, and a bridge on the river is the Naihe Bridge; Or there is a "blood pool", "blood pool" or "blood pool" on the way to the underworld, and there is a bridge on the pool called Naihe Bridge. According to ancient archaeological records of Shandong, people even called the attached part of the bridge a real river near Taian, Shandong. As can be seen from the above, Naihe Bridge is an authentic Buddhist term. Naihe Bridge is a unique product of China people and a product of the integration of China people's view of "hell" and Buddhism's view of reincarnation. So, when should we use the Naihe Bridge? When will Naihe Bridge be used again? According to the information provided by netizens, we can draw a preliminary conclusion without strict textual research: if Buddhism is involved, and it is emphasized that crossing the bridge requires hardship, or it will go through many tests, and if it fails, it will fall under the bridge and cannot be reborn, then Naihe Bridge will be used. At the same time, Naihe Bridge is not the soup of Wang Xiangtai and Meng, but the six divisions in the wheel of karma or the blood pool that cannot be reborn; If you just cross the bridge to report to the Palace of Hades, you can use Naihe Bridge. Although you still have to suffer after crossing the Naihe Bridge, Naihe Bridge seems to weaken the meaning of suffering and become the only place to enter the underworld, emphasizing the helplessness of half-human, half-ghost souls who have not yet entered the underworld and their nostalgia for the world. Naiheqiao didn't mean it. Naihe Bridge will only make people daunting, and it only plays the role of discriminating between good and evil ghosts.