Where is the real burial place of Genghis Khan?

In Aobao, Gandell, which is located in Ejinhoro Banner of Ordos Plateau in Inner Mongolia today, there is a Genghis Khan Cemetery, which is "a generation of arrogant people who only know how to bend bows and shoot big eagles". Different from other cemeteries, it is only commemorative, and only Genghis Khan's "relics", bows and arrows, saddles, etc. are buried here, not the remains of Cheng Xing Si Khan, that is, it is not his own burial place. So, where is Genghis Khan buried? For many years, it has been an issue of interest to scholars at home and abroad. The most popular legend is that Genghis Khan personally went to Xixia and passed by Yina Shanzui, when his whip fell to the ground involuntarily. Genghis Khan was stunned and suddenly found that the scenery around this place was excellent and intoxicating. He couldn't help but write a poem casually: "The place where sika deer lived, the place where larks hatched, the place where declining dynasties revived, and the country where white-haired old people lived." He told his entourage, "It is better to be buried here after my death." In the same year, he died of illness in Liupan Mountain. When the car carrying his body back to his hometown passed by, the wheels got stuck in a mud pit and could not move forward. People remembered his hymns and exhortations before his death, so they reported to the minister. After discussion, they decided to transport his body back to Mobei, and buried his clothes, boots and socks here to build a "white room" for family tax. The remains of Genghis Khan, however, are kept strictly confidential in the burial place of Mongolian Khan. The coffins and graves are buried deep on the prairie, so they can't afford to be piled up. The horses are driven to rush, stepping over the floating people, so as to confuse their tracks. In the coming year, the surrounding vegetation will become a grassland or a dense forest, and people can't tell where the graves are. Ye Ziqi's "Grass and Trees" contains: "After burial, ten thousand riders will make it flat, kill camels on it, and guard it with thousands of riders. When spring grass is born next year, it will be moved away, hoping for balance, and no one knows it. When you want to sacrifice, you should be guided by the mother of the camel you killed, and you will know where to bury it, depending on where it makes a noise. " The history of Genghis Khan's burial time and place is also vague, and there are different opinions. Written in the Secret History of Mongolia in the 13th year after Genghis Khan's death, Genghis Khan died in 1227, and died there after he moved to Xixia to attack Duoer Mie (now in ningwu county, Ningxia). This book is the earliest history book that records the death of Genghis Khan, but it doesn't say anything about the burial place of Genghis Khan, and it doesn't say anything about the burial of Genghis Khan who died thirteen years ago. The book, written in 124 by Peng Dashu of the Southern Song Dynasty and Xu Ting's Shu Zheng, said: "Whether you see the tomb of truth, on the side of the Hugou River, surrounded by mountains and rivers. According to legend, it is said that Te Tou was born here, so he died and was buried here, and it is unknown whether it is true or not. I also remember the day:' its tomb is not blocked, and it is calm with horses, making it as flat as the ground'. If there is no real tomb, you will think of it as a wall (3 miles wide) and ride it as a guard. " The two men made an on-the-spot investigation in Mongolia during the reign of Li Zong Jia Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1237-124), and after returning to the south, they co-edited A Brief Account of Heile. From the time point of view, the cemetery of Genghis Khan was only more than ten years after the death of Genghis Khan. It is also seen on the spot, which is the earliest record in Chinese historical books. The History of the Yuan Dynasty, Taizu Ji, which was compiled in the early Ming Dynasty, recorded: "In the twenty-second year, Ding Hai died at noon in autumn and July, which was unexpected and ugly, and collapsed in the official trip of the Hezhi Sect in Surichuan. ..... sixty-six. Bury the ridges and valleys. " The Outline of the Golden History of Mongolia says that after Genghis Khan's death, he was "transported to the land of Hanshan Mountain, where he built a tomb for generations, which became the guardian of the great prime ministers, became the god of all the people, and built a strong man Bai Ding forever." "And its true identity, some people say, is buried in Hareton; Some people say that it is buried in the yin of Altai Mountain and the yang of Kent Mountain, which is called Great Otok. " Similarly, in the fourth volume of "The Origin of Mongolia" written by Sacachechen, Genghis Khan "rose and retired in Lingzhou City on July 12, 1966." "Because can't clear out the whole body, hence the tomb of Yong 'an, and built the world in the eighth room. It is a place where the whole body of the Lord is buried in the mountains of Aletai, and he is willing to stay in Shanyang and visit Turk. " Because the author Sa Nang is a descendant of Bilik Morgan, who squeezed agriculture and failed in Ordos, he can make use of the main historical documents at that time, as well as the cheats and home ports that others can't see, so the historical records including Genghis Khan's burial place in his works have certain authority. In addition, it is also written in Marco Polo's Travels that Genghis Khan "died in the middle of his knee when he entered a fortress of Cafal：llv". "All the descendants of the first monarch who was opened and ranked should be buried in a mountain of Altai (Chuandian). No matter where the monarch died, he must be buried in it. Although the land is still outside the 1-day schedule, he must also be buried in this mountain." The historical records are so vague that it has caused great trouble for future generations to study and determine the real cemetery of Genghis Khan. At the beginning of this century, scholars have launched a heated debate on this issue, and basically formed the theory of "Erdos Ejinhoro" and the theory of "Qizhanggu", which is the west of the Kegelun River bend in outer Mongolia, the east of the Shangla River and the sun of the Kent Mountain. Zhang Xiangwen is the representative who holds the theory of "Yijinhuoluo". He once published "The Origin of Genghis Khan's National Sleeping" and "The Differentiation of Genghis Khan's Mausoleum Sleeping" in the Journal of Geosciences, and so on. There are three reasons for this: First, according to (the history of the Yuan Dynasty, Taizu Ji): "The city collapsed in Surrey) F! The old man was an official and buried in the valley. " Zhang Xiangwen thinks, "Sarichuan divides the territorial river, and Hatitu also chooses to join the old disciples, so that the Haliutu River and the two rivers meet, and the Great Wall is from the west of Yulin, and the Wuding River is also downstream." In Ejinhoro, where Genghis Khan's mausoleum is located in Erdos, "Huertugou, which is the so-called chariot valley, seems to be close to the translator." Secondly, according to "The Origin of Mongolia", the burial place is "in the big ash Turk place of Aritan Mountain, where the mountains are bright and the mountains are sunny", Zhang Xiangwen thinks that when he suddenly sees Ertu, it is "dozens of miles to the south, the mountains are getting taller and the sandbags are yellow. Almost the so-called Hadai Mountain, translated as a mountain peak. Ketek, Nanerduo and Erduo are all in the same tone, which translates into the accounting office, that is, the big curtain covering the stone box. " Third, according to the example of clearing the courtyard, "There are Genghis Khan Garden Beds in Yikezhao League, and the Seven Banners of Erdos hold 5 households in Darhart, which is a caretaker of the national bed", so it can be seen that the mausoleum of Genghis Khan must be located in Erdos. Zhang Xiangwen also believes that Genghis Khan died in the battle of Xixia, and the land was in Xixia, so the burial place was "Suri Chuanha's old disciples, of course, in Xixia, but there is no doubt". In Surrey, there were officers of Genghis Khan in Chuanha. According to the Secret History of Mongolia, Genghis Khan levied Xixia and his wife followed suit. After the collapse of Genghis Khan, the Xixia people were given to their wives for their service. After the death of Yuan please Khan, "there is a law of inheriting and keeping fit", so "there must be a Taizu official in Xixia". Moreover, after the fourth year of Taizu (AD 129), Hetao was not owned by Xixia, but was transferred to the territory of Mongolia for a long time, so Genghis Khan was buried here after his death, which is the "land of Sobu Jiu 'an" mentioned by the source of Mongolia. "Long-term security land" does not necessarily refer to the Bailun River, the guest of Genghis Khan's prosperity. For example, Genghis Khan died in Xixia and was buried in nan river, where he first started. "The road is far away, and it is separated by the Yellow River desert. How can you get here on the 8 th?" It is really impossible. The theory of "starting the valley" is represented by Juqi. He also published in the Journal of Geosciences "Answer a Certificate of Identification of Western Genghis Khan Mausoleum" and so on. The reasons are as follows: First, according to the record of "the palace of the old disciples of Surichuanha was collapsed and buried in the valley" in the history of Yuan Dynasty, but the explanation of this sentence is completely different from what Zhang Xiangwen said. He believes that Surichuan-that is, "removing Ali's forehead" in the Secret History, removing Ali is Surrey, which means yellow; Guest forehead means would. (Personal record) Choose Salichuan, which is located in the west of Kelulian River. Kent Mountain IV, Tula River East. And the official of the trip to Ha Lao Tu-Cheng Yu Si Khan was stationed in the camp when he first started, and acceded to the old camp that Steding called. In the Kelulun River, which is the cloud in the Personal Expedition Record, "When I set out to swim in nan river and welcome several ministers of tower workers to despise the ancient truth and laugh at the disciples, I lived in Ha Lian Lian Ze." According to the "Yuan Shi Li Ding Di Ji" cloud, "that is, Lalong lives in the river, forgives the cloud, and commands the four big ears of Emperor Genghis Khan. Longjuhe is the Lu chest He Yize, and the first big ear of the four big ears is the Ha Lao Tu Palace "; Qichariot Valley-where Genghis Khan's tomb is located, "that is, dividing the soil to thank the East Cullen of the Chinese flag". Secondly, according to "The Origin of Mongolia", he explained that Aritan Mountain-Altai Mountain, Yijinshan Mountain, is located in the right bank of the Krulun River source, the south enemy of the Kent Mountain in Tuxie Tuhan Department, and it is one of Pantuo; Hadai Mountain, that is, Kent Mountain, is suitable for pulling the second source of water on the Krulun River, while "Shanyin and Hadai Mountain in Aritan are located at the source of the Hulun River, and the west is close to pulling the Hebei River and the second source of nan river". Meeting Turk means tribe, which refers to the place where the Mongolian headquarters sent overseas. Thirdly, according to La Steding's Records of History, Genghis Khan's four major or ears are all in a foreign land, and when he dies, he will be sent out in mourning at the same time, so the base will be in Outer Mongolia. Ju Ji believes that before the death of Xixia, the land requested by Hetao was not the territory of Mongolia in the month. In fact, in the five battles of Mongolia's expedition to Xixia, the first four times did not enter the Hetao land. Genghis Khan died on the eve of the demise of Xixia, and the secret did not send out mourning. Xixia just died and the cave is in turmoil, so it is impossible to be buried in Xixia. In addition, from the early Ming Hongwu's expulsion of Wang Baobao from Hetao to the next six years (AD 1462), before Arochu and other departments joined the club, there was no Mongolian rider in the Hetao for more than 9 years, and there was no one outside Yulin. In the fifth year of Chengbi (A.D. 1469), there were eight sets of Manchu, Dulu and other departments, and the date was set to pass eight sets. The so-called "people are destined for nothing" is actually the land of Richie under the guise of Ordos Mongols. Chen Youning also thinks that it's a pity to send it later. In the fourth issue of social science front in 1983, the article "Genghis Khan's Burial Site and Cemetery" was published. Combining the issue of Genghis Khan's tomb with the historical development since ancient times, the change of "Zhuboding" was investigated in detail, and it was considered that Genghis Khan's burial site was in the ancient Chinese mainland at that time, that is, it was north ".Now Yijinhuoluo in Erdos, Inner Mongolia, is only the place of home cave. He believes that according to Mongolian customs, the burial place of the evaluation is extremely secret. The base drove the horses to the ground, the cemetery was indistinguishable from the forest, and passers-by killed them on the way to the funeral, all in order to keep the Philippines secret and make future generations have no graves to find. Such strict customs have not been discovered in the Philippines. However, the historical records show that the secret is only the place to fill the family, and the ceremony of Dongba is openly carried out and inherited. "Self-determination" is the place of nuclear adjustment and the symbol of the mausoleum. The separation between the burial ground and the family land is still caused by the frequent movement and migration of nomadic people. Especially because of the war, the occupied territory can be gained or lost, and the burial place can only be kept secret so as not to be damaged. However, the family ceremony cannot be abolished because of this, so it has to be passed down through this symbolic mausoleum and followed by the Ministry. This is why the white room can flow. "What is certain from this is that Genghis Khan's burial place is in Mobei, and the land is separated from it. Later, he arrived in Monan. As for the exact location of the Philippines, it still needs new materials and further research, and it still needs archaeological discovery in the burial site. " Why the Ming Tombs were built in Ming Taizu, Changping, Beijing Zhu Yuanku overthrew the rule of the Yuan Dynasty. After the Ming Dynasty was established, Nanjing was its capital. Just outside Nanjing, it chose its own mausoleum site, built a mausoleum, and was buried there after death. This is ming tomb. Zhu Yuansi was the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty. It is reasonable to say that his successor should also set up a mausoleum outside Nanjing. As a matter of fact, no other Ming Di Mausoleum has been built outside Nanjing except a ming tomb where Zhu Yuanlu was buried. Then, where did all the later emperors' tombs go? They were all built in front of Tianshou Mountain in Changping, Beijing, which is the Ming Tombs. Why should the Ming Tombs be built in Changping County, Beijing? This is because after Zhu Yuanjin's death, the prince of Yan launched a "difficult investment" when he came to the school, overthrew the regime of Emperor Jianwen, became emperor himself, and moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing. How did the "Battle of Jing Nan" come about? This should start with Zhu Yuanjin's sealing the king before his death. Zhu Yuantian * * * has twenty-three sons, except for those who are longer than the standard and have been made princes and stayed in Beijing. The remaining twenty-two sons have successively been crowned kings and distributed throughout the country. They can build a palace, set up official posts, command an army of 3, to 19, people, and seal the king along the Great Wall, and command more troops. There is only one restriction on them, that is, they must not interfere in local affairs, and local civil affairs should be managed by local officials at all levels. In doing so, Zhu Yuantian wanted to use the flesh-and-blood relationship between the kings and the royal family to maintain clear rule. Once an incident occurs in a local area, all localities should ask the king to handle it nearby, so as not to cause chaos; Once the capital is in danger, princes from all over the country can lead troops to help the king and help the royal family turn the corner, thus ensuring that the surname dynasty is safe. However, the development of things is not as wonderful as Lai Yuanjin thought. In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhi suddenly died of illness. Because Zhu Biao had died in the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu, he had to be succeeded by Zhu Biao's son, Huang Taisun, and changed from the second year to the first year of his reign. This is his emperor. Jianwendai was only twenty-one years old at that time, not only young, lacking political experience, but also generous and weak in nature, lacking resolute and decisive spirit. The princes who have been enfeoffed all over the country are all his uncles, including not only military commanders who can enlist good deeds in World War I, but also veterans who are proficient in politics. Therefore, they don't pay much attention to him as a little emperor. Rude, disobedient and illegal things happen from time to time. In particular, Zhu Yuantian's fourth prince came to Oak. He was both wise and brave, and he supported the northern Xinjiang, and he was even more unwilling to kneel in front of his nephew. To this end, he privately built a weapon in the palace in Beijing, printed his own banknotes, recruited troops and recruited talents. First, in order to consolidate the central political power of Emperor Jianwen, some ministers once put forward suggestions to cut their minds, but because of the indecision of Emperor Jianwen, the opportunity was lost. For example, in the first year of Jianwen (1399), the prince of Yan came to Nanjing according to the rules of the court, met with Jianwen Emperor, and deliberately put on his uncle's shelf, so he couldn't give a gift. Censorship of the censor Zeng Fengyun immediately tried to make him disrespectful, so he should be arrested and punished. However, when Emperor Jianwen saw the prince, he relented and said, "The uncle is a close relative, so let's forget this little thing!" Later, the strength of the prince grew, and his ambition was great, so Emperor Jianwen could no longer discuss countermeasures with court officials. Qi Yao, the minister of the Ministry of War, suggested: "The prince of Yan is based in Peiping, and he lives on one side, so he has a heart of disobedience. In my humble opinion, we should strike first, get rid of the prince, and the heads of the dragons will naturally collapse. " Huang Zicheng, a scholar of Imperial Academy and a minister of Taichang Temple, knows that the prince is the most ambitious and threatening. But don't think this method. He said: "The prince of Yan is thoughtful and prepared, and it is hard to get it." He advocates dividing Zhou Zheng first. Cut off my king's hands and feet and isolate him. He went one step further and said: "The King of Zhou has always committed illegal acts, and his misdeeds are obvious. He has been arrested and punished, and his teacher has made a name for himself, which will not cause criticism. "His in favor of Huang Zicheng's opinion, so he decided to tear the knife from Zhou Wangzhu first, and sent Li Jinglong, the Duke of Zeng, to arrest him in Kaifeng and waste it for Shu Ren. Then, the acting kings Zhu Gui, snail orchid Zhu Ji and Qi Wang were beaten, and their titles were cut off, or sent to other places, or abolished as Shu Ren, or imprisoned. Zhu Xiang, a Hunan worker, made counterfeit money, and he was extravagant and extravagant, which made Bo punished. ""He set himself on fire in the palace and died. At the same time, the Ministry of Industry was sent to send Lang Zhangju as the envoy of Beigan, while Xie Gui and Zhang Xin were both commanders to closely monitor the actions of the prince. In less than a year. The five princes were abolished one after another, and the court became more and more strict in monitoring themselves, which made the prince uneasy day and night. He clearly realized that the situation was very unfavorable to himself. If he couldn't act decisively and start an uprising as soon as possible, I didn't know that Kai Ji would end up in the same fate as other princes that day. To this end, he preemptively, in the first year of his (1399) seven.