Describe Zhuge Liang Fragment

The mystery of Zhuge Liang's plowing: Evidence from Nanyang

One of the evidences that Zhuge Liang plowed Nanyang

The official history "Three Kingdoms" records that Zhuge Liang went to Shuhu Houhu In "Qian Chu Shi Biao", in this article, Zhuge Liang stated: "I am a commoner, working hard in Nanyang, surviving in troubled times, and not seeking to learn and reach the princes. The late emperor did not regard his ministers as despicable, and he was in vain, and he cared about his ministers. In the house, the counselors were grateful for the affairs of the day, and then promised the late emperor to drive him."

The meaning of this passage is: I am a commoner, working my own food in Nanyang. I just hope to survive in the troubled times, not to be famous in front of the princes. The late Emperor did not despise me and my humble background, but condescended to visit me and consulted me on world affairs. This moved me very much and I agreed to serve the late Emperor. This passage comes from Zhuge Liang's memorial to his later master. It can be called first-hand material and is beyond reproach. Therefore, it is the most credible evidence that Zhuge Liang worked hard in Nanyang.

Zhuge Liang described his plowing in Nanyang in "The Records of Huangling Temple"

The second evidence of Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang

In "The Collection of Zhuge Liang. Collected Works. Huang" In the article "Records of the Mausoleum and Temple", Zhuge Liang said: "I worked hard to cultivate the acres in Nanyang, so I was attracted by the Liu family to visit the thatched cottage. I couldn't stop it, and I planned to do something good, so our relationship became closer and closer, and we pulled together the commander-in-chief."

The Huangling Temple is located on the south bank of the Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River. It was first built during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In the 19th year of Emperor Xian's establishment of the Han Dynasty (AD 214), Zhuge Liang was ordered to lead troops into Yizhou. When the fleet entered the Xiling Gorge, he landed and saw a The dilapidated ancient temple was originally a temple dedicated to King Yu and the sacred cow. It was in such disrepair due to long years of disrepair. Zhuge Liang was filled with emotion and sent people to "restore it and build its temple name again." After the temple was built, he wrote "Huangling Temple Records" and engraved it on a stele. In the inscription, Zhuge Liang said the above-mentioned passage, that is, "I was plowing the fields in Nanyang, and thanks to the late Lord Liu Bei, he visited my thatched cottage three times~~~~". This passage is consistent with what Zhuge Liang said in "The Former Shishi Biao" that "I am a commoner and work hard in Nanyang". Therefore, this is also the most reliable evidence that Zhuge Liang worked hard in Nanyang.

The "broken stone building" of Emperor Kaihuang of the Sui Dynasty said that Kong Ming lived in Nanyang and farmed

The third evidence that Zhuge Liang farmed in Nanyang

"Zhongzhou Zazu" records that Zhuge Liang "I also lived at the foot of Pingshan Mountain in Ye County. There is a broken stone pillar in the second year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty. It says: 'Here is Zhuge's old tomb in Huali, Gaoyang.' Today at the foot of the mountain, there is Zhuge Temple in the west, the Golden Rooster Tomb in the east, and the Suspect Tomb. The burial place of Kongming's father and ancestors was built with the Kongming Langya to the west. It has been since his father's ancestors lived in Nanyang since the Kongming Dynasty. Since this broken stone building was from the Sui Dynasty, it was not far away from the Three Kingdoms, so it must be true. "Book."

According to "Ye County Chronicles. Mausoleum": "The broken stone building of Kaihuang was recorded by Niu Feng, the magistrate of Ye County in the Ming Dynasty, in the stone tablet "Revised Records of the Temple of Marquis Zhuge Wu". Today, there are Zhuge Temple ruins at the Weidong District Maternal and Child Health Care Station in Pingdingshan, and Zhuge Temple Street to the east. The stone tablet "Correction of Zhuge Wuhou Temple" was erected in the courtyard of the Maternal and Child Health Care Station, and it is still well preserved. `

It can be seen from the above that Zhuge Liang’s fathers (possibly uncles) fled to the west and once moved to live at the foot of Pingshan in Ye County, Nanyang. After his fathers died, Zhuge Liang immediately moved to Nanyang Gonggong. .

Poems, paintings and stones of the Jin Dynasty praise Zhuge Liang for his plowing in Nanyang

The fourth evidence of Zhuge Liang’s plowing in Nanyang

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the people of Guaihe Town, Fangcheng, Nanyang, A stone of poems and paintings from the Jin Dynasty was found in the silt of the Feng River. The upper half is engraved with "Song of Zhuge Wuhou Gongping" and the lower half is engraved with a portrait of Zhuge Liang. The poem and painting stone is now preserved in the high school courtyard of Guihe Town.

"Song of Farming" has 30 sentences and more than 150 words: "How happy is it to farm the southern acres? You can rely on it to eat and wear it; if you work hard and make more excrement, you can also add more wheat. If you have more, you will get more grain; if you plow more than three times, you have to consider it. It is good to be rich, and it is good to be bad~~~". The inscription is: On the day of the autumn month of Guihai in the third year of Jin Yonghe's reign, Shangshu Pushhe and Yushou respectfully wrote.

The lyrics of "Gong Geng Song" are simple and unpretentious, and are both elegant and popular. It contains profound philosophy, shines with Zhuge Liang's high integrity, and has high artistic and historical value.

First, this text was written in a long time, close to the Three Kingdoms; second, it was written by Gu He, a famous official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and has a high reputation; third, it was unearthed in Nanyang and is well preserved to this day. This provides another strong evidence for Zhuge Liang's hard work in Nanyang.

The "Three Visits to the Bridge Monument" proves that Liu Bei's "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" took place in Wollongong, Nanyang

The fifth evidence that Zhuge Liang worked hard in Nanyang

Liu Bei asked Zhuge Liang three times to be a woman and child A well-known historical story. So, where exactly does this story take place? This is an issue closely related to Zhuge Liang's farming.

"Three Kingdoms. Zhuge Liang's Biography" says: "At that time, we first settled in Xinye. When Xu Shu saw the late master, he took charge of his weapons. He said to the late master: 'Zhuge Kongming is a crouching dragon. How can the general want to see him?' ? 'The First Lord said: 'You are here with me.' The common man said:

This person can be seen, but it is not advisable to take care of him. 'Then the First Lord then came to Liang. "Three visits to the thatched cottage" happened when Xu Shu recommended Zhuge Kongming, who was known as "Wolong" to Liu Bei.

Where exactly did "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" take place? Zhuge Liang made it very clear in "Execution of the Master", "I am a commoner, and I work hard in Nanyang... The late emperor did not think that his ministers were despicable, and that he was arrogant and in vain. He paid close attention to his ministers in the thatched cottage three times.

The counselors take the affairs of the world into account. "The "Ancient and Modern Books Collection" part of the "Nanyang Mansion" historical sites says: "Zhuge Lu is located in Wolonggang, seven miles southwest of the city. Zhaolie visited the place three times and wrote a poem about it in the Spring and Autumn Period."

When Liu Bei stationed troops in Xinye, he came to Wollongong in Nanyang to "visit the thatched cottage three times" and had to pass by the Meixi River Bridge. The bridge was originally a very ordinary small bridge. Because Liu Bei passed by this bridge when he "visited the thatched cottage three times", it was called Sangu Bridge in the world. It has a history of about 1,700 years. In the Qing Dynasty, a stone bridge was built on the foundation of the old bridge. In 1968, due to the expansion of the city, the bridge was renovated into an arch bridge with a cement structure.

"Sangu Bridge" has been repeatedly recorded in historical documents. For example, "Longgang Chronicles" compiled in the Renchen year of Kangxi said: "Sangu Bridge is about three miles southwest of Nanyang City, away from Wolong. The hill is also three miles away, and Emperor Zhaolie of the Han Dynasty passed by this thatched cottage three times. "What is surprising is that on January 6, 2003, a remnant of the "Sangu Bridge" was found in the construction waste in the courtyard of the cotton processing factory in Wolong District. monument. The inscription says: "...it is more meaningful to look at your mouth three times. In the past, Mr. Liu visited the thatched cottage and paid a visit to Zhuge. Later, the Han Dynasty also started to flourish. It is not a bridge to pay a visit to Zhuge. Even though it is called The relics of our ancestors serve as a convenience for people today. However, as time passes and dangers are approaching, who can bear to sit back and ignore this? Even though this monument is in ruins, it will continue to carry its beauty. Found on the side of Sangu Bridge on Wolong Road, some of the exposed inscriptions are enough to explain the problem and have great historical and cultural value.

The remaining stele of Sangu Bridge is a major discovery in the history of Zhuge Liang's research in Nanyang. , it proves beyond doubt that the historical "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" does exist, and it provides physical evidence that Liu Bei's "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage" took place in Wollongong, Nanyang.

Li Xing of the Jin Dynasty wrote a "Sacrificial Essay" to worship Zhuge Liang in Nanyang

Evidence No. 6 of Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang

When Emperor Hui of the Western Jin Dynasty, in order to commemorate the sage, he ordered the town to be suppressed Liu Hong, the governor of Jingzhou, the southern general, and Li Xing went to Zhuge Liang's former residence to offer sacrifices. To this end, Li Xing wrote an article "Sacrifice to Prime Minister Zhuge", which said: "The emperor ordered me to listen to the drum and the rhinoceros forever in the Mianzhi Yang." "Thinking about the legacy of our sages, we can climb Mount Long to see the hometown of Shi and Zhuge..." This incident happened during the Yongxing period of the Jin Dynasty. At that time, General Zhennan and Jingzhou Governor Liu Hong was stationed in Jiewan City, and Li Xing was Liu joined the army. Li Xing wrote the "Comment on Commemorating Prime Minister Zhuge" for Liu Hongdai. They held a ceremony to commemorate Zhuge Liang somewhere in Nanyang, Miangbei. However, "Xiangyang Theory" took this "Comment on Commemoration" out of context and believed that "Yu Mian." "Zhiyang" is the former residence of Zhuge Liang in Xiangyang. In fact, this is a misunderstanding. In ancient times, people commonly said that "the mountains south of the river and the north are called Zhiyang". The "Yu Zhiyang" mentioned here refers to a place in Nanyang north of the Mianshui River. It is not the former residence of Xiangyang in Miannan that holds sacrificial activities.

Huang Quan built a nunnery in Wolonggang, Nanyang to worship Zhuge Liang

Evidence that Zhuge Liang worked hard in Nanyang

Liangchu died, and people missed his merits. "So because of "Private sacrifices were made on Daomo". Later, the Infantry Colonel expressed condolences to Xi Long, Zhongshu Lang Xiang Chong and other senior officials, requesting that a temple be built to "cut off their private sacrifices and uphold proper etiquette." The latter followed suit. Huang Quan was the first person to build Zhuge Temple for worship in Wolonggang, Nanyang.

Huang Quan, courtesy name Gongheng, was from Langzhong, Brazil. After Liu Bei attacked Yizhou, he appointed him as the acting general. Liu Bei was made the queen of Hanzhong, and he was appointed to govern the country. After Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Shu, he wanted to avenge the fall of Jingzhou and the murder of Guan Yu by attacking Soochow. Huang Quan tried his best to dissuade him, but Liu Bei refused and insisted on leading his troops to the expedition himself. Huang Quan was appointed as the general of Zhenbei to supervise the Jiangbei army to defend against the Wei army. Later, the attack on Wu failed. Huang Quan surrendered to Wei because "it was impossible to surrender to Wu and there was no way to return to Shu". The First Master sighed: "If you fail Huang Quan, Quan will not fail you alone." Huang Quan had strong feelings for Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang, and he especially admired and respected Zhuge Liang. He often praised Zhuge Liang among Wei bureaucrats. King Xuan of Sima once wrote to Zhuge Liang: "Huang Gongheng is a fast soldier. Every time he sits up, he sighs and talks about his steps without telling the truth." When Quan heard the news of the death of Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of his motherland, he was deeply saddened. He and his fellow Nanyang fellows built a Zhuge Temple in Wollongong, where Zhuge Liang had cultivated, and held sacrificial activities according to the season.

Zhuge Liang borrowed money from Nanyang for military supplies for Liu Bei

Eight of the evidences that Zhuge Liang cultivated Nanyang

He Yudu of the Ming Dynasty recorded in "Yi Bu Tan Zi": "First He lived in Jingzhou, and borrowed tens of millions from the Chao family in Nanyang for military supplies. Zhuge Liang guaranteed it, and the bonds still existed in the Song Dynasty. "This is a very important piece of main evidence.

At the end of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bei began to lose his foothold and borrowed Jingzhou from Soochow. At that time, military supplies were very difficult. Zhuge Liang had been working in Nanyang for ten years and had become familiar with interpersonal relationships, so Zhuge Liang guaranteed it. , loaned tens of millions of dollars from the Nanyang Chao family to meet urgent needs. The IOU written at that time was still preserved in the Song Dynasty.

Zhuge Liang married his younger brother in Nanyang

Evidence No. 9 that Zhuge Liang cultivated Nanyang

The "Zhuge Wuhou Collection" annotated the "Zhuge Genealogy" as saying : "Liang became his younger brother Jun, and took the Lin family's daughter from Nanyang as his wife. She would have a son of great reputation in the future."

In the 55th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1716), Zhuge Liang's "Zhuge" was established in Fangwu Village, Linyi, Shandong. "Inscriptions on the Ancestors of the Family" records: "My Ge family moved to Langya in Nanyang. I was a Zhuge family and took the official as my surname."

The existing "Zhuge Family Genealogy of Langya County Quangentang" states: "Liang was born in Langya, moved to Nanyang, and served as an official in Xishu." The genealogy also says: "Zhuge Liang's second grandson Zhuge Jing's second son (Zhuge) Chong returned to his hometown with his family and returned to Langya.

From " According to the "Zhuge Genealogy", Zhuge Liang was born in Yangdu County, Langya County, Shandong. His original surname was Ge, and his descendants were named "Zhuge" by Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, so people called them "Zhuge". Over time, they became accustomed to using the compound surname Zhuge Liang. There were three brothers. The elder brother Zhuge Jin served in Soochow. When his younger brother Zhuge Jun was young, he worked hard with Zhuge Liang in Wollonggang, Nanyang, and made a living by himself. When Zhuge Jun grew older, Zhuge Liang married his brother Lin in Nanyang.

Pei Du of Tang Dynasty wrote an article praising Zhuge Liang for his plowing in Nanyang

Ten evidence of Zhuge Liang’s plowing in Nanyang

On the left side of the gate of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu In the side stele pavilion stands the "Stele of the Ancestral Hall of Prime Minister Zhuge Wu". This stele was written by Pei Du in the fourth year of Yuanhe (AD 809) by Liu Gongchuo and engraved by Lu Jian. It not only has important documentary value, but also is an artistic treasure with excellent calligraphy and engraving.

Pei Du was a famous prime minister in the mid-Tang Dynasty, a man of great erudition and outstanding achievements. He said at the beginning of the inscription: "Du Changdu. "Old history, auspiciousness seeks wisdom." This shows that Pei Du has studied the life experience and achievements of the sage Zhuge Liang and is very familiar with it. Pei Du praised Zhuge Liang as a talent who "hides his weapons in his body and waits for action when the time comes." The inscription says: "At this time, the Duke worked hard in Nanyang, and compared himself with wind and music... He was called Wolong at that time." Because Liu Bei "looked at him three times, he promised to drive away", so he "supported the Liu family with his wings, inherited the old clothes, and married "Wu resisted Wei and supported Shu and proclaimed Han". This is one of the earliest stone inscription records that confirms Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang. It is rare for such a precious inscription with a long history and important documentary value to be preserved to this day.

A large number of documents in the Tang Dynasty record Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang

The eleventh evidence of Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang

In the Tang Dynasty, Zhuge Liang had become famous all over the world, and a large number of documents And the inscriptions record Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang, Liu Bei's three visits to Zhuge Liang in Caolu, Wollongong, Zhugelu and other aspects. For example, Shi Shen Hui, a member of the Ministry of Punishment of the Tang Dynasty, said in the "Inscription on the New Temple of Zhuge Wuhou, the Prime Minister of Shu": "Yixi Wuhou, squatting in Nanyang, retreated to the secret, and did not let his light shine." Lu Wen said in "Zhuge Wuhou's New Temple Inscription" "The Records of Wuhou Temple" states: "Xu, whose name is Nanyang, lies down and waits for the Lord. He pays close attention to his words and is clear about the heroes." Yan Cong said in "Preface to the Praise of Famous Officials of the Three Kingdoms": "The traces of the late Lord are spread far and wide in Wenyu. , Kong Ming plowed Nanyang, waiting for the master..." Li Han said in "Three Ministers": "In the past, Zhuge Liang embraced Nanyang and called 'Liang Fu Yin', comparing himself to wind music, Zhou Ping and Yuan Zhi thought it was true. Although the distance can be glimpsed, the ruins can be seen. "Zhao Jun's "Jinshilin Time and Place Examination" states that the cottage is "seven miles southwest of Nanyang City." Liu Yuxi said in "The Inscription of the Humble Room": "Nanyang Zhuge Cottage, Xishu Ziyun. pavilion".

In the Song Dynasty, more and more people insisted on the "Nanyang theory"

Evidence No. 12 of Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang

In the Song Dynasty, people insisted on Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang More and more, "Nanyang Theory" has been further developed and consolidated. For example, Zhu Fu said in "Comment on Zhuge Kongming": "Kongming is lying high in Nanyang, and he compares himself to wind music, which no one in the world would agree with. I commented that Kongming was the assistant to the king, and the wife of Yiyin~~~~~ husband Kongming As for Yi Yin, although the encounters are different, the mentality is the same. He works hard in farming and enjoys the way of Yao and Shun. He works in Nanyang and recites the poems of "Liang Fu". "Gu and then followed, the same origin."

Sima Guang of the Song Dynasty said in "Zi Zhi Tong Jian": "In the early days, Zhuge Liang, a native of Langya, lived in Longzhong, Xiangyang." "Wei Lue" said: "Zhuge Liang was there. In the early years of Jian'an in Jingzhou, he and Yingchuan Shi Guangyuan and Xu Yuanzhi, as well as Meng Gongwei of Runan, all went on study tours. "According to the above records, in the early years of Jian'an, Zhuge Liang lived in Longzhong, Xiangyang, not doing farming but studying. These data completely deny the theory that Zhuge Liang devoted himself to Xiangyang Longzhong.

Yue Fei visited the Wuhou Temple in Nanyang and wrote in his handwriting "Two Statements of Discipline"

Thirteen Evidences of Zhuge Liang's Farming in Nanyang

The national hero of the Southern Song Dynasty Yue Fei admired Zhuge Liang very much. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (AD 1138), he passed through Nanyang and wrote Zhuge Liang's "Departure List" before and after, and wrote a postscript: "Looking forward in August of Wuqiu in Shaoxing, I passed Nanyang to visit Wuhou Temple. When it rained, I stayed here. Inside the temple, I held the candle deeper and carefully looked at the words and poems praised by the ancient sages on the wall and the "Two Tables" carved on the stone in front of the temple. I couldn't help but shed tears like rain. I couldn't sleep that night. I sat and waited for the Taoist priest to finish offering tea. He took out the paper and asked for words. He wrote with tears in his eyes, not caring about his workmanship, and Yue Fei understood it at the same time.

Yue Fei's calligraphy is strong and majestic and has become an important art treasure passed down to later generations. In the second year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (AD 1876), the stone mason Li Faxiang engraved it. There are 21 pieces in total, each 110 centimeters long and 58 wide. Centimeter, inlaid in the verandah on the north side of the main worship hall of Wuhou Temple. This world-famous art treasure was also copied in Xiangfan and displayed in the Longzhong Museum. What is puzzling is that they deleted the postscript of Yue Fei's self-report "Visiting Wuhou Temple in Nanyang".

Literati in the Yuan Dynasty praised Zhuge Liang’s plowing in Nanyang

Evidence No. 14 of Zhuge Liang’s plowing in Nanyang

Many literati in the Yuan Dynasty wrote a large number of poems Articles praising Nanyang Wollongong and Zhuge Liang's plowing in Nanyang. For example, Yang Weizhen, who was promoted by Jiangxi Confucianism in the Yuan Dynasty, said in "Kong Ming's Self-Comparison of Wind Music": "Zhuge Kongming of the Han Dynasty, when Fang Qi was working in Nanyang, often compared himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi, and people said that he boasted about the world. Ear, if you look at it from a distance, your talent and career are more than that of playing music." Wang Qian, a professor of Confucianism in the Yuan Dynasty, said in the "Stele of the Temple of the Prime Minister Wuhou": "Seven miles west of Nanyang Zhicheng, there is a hillock nearby called Wolong. It is commonly known as the secluded residence of Wuhou. The predecessors discovered the area and built a house with four couplets. "The Imperial Monument of Nanyang Zhuge Academy" written by Cheng Jufu of the Yuan Dynasty said: "Chen Jinjian, seven miles west of Nanyang City, there is a hillock rising up, called Wolonggang, and there is a well. Tingshen is called Zhugejing. According to legend, it was the former residence of Prime Minister Zhong Wuhou and he was worshiped by the people every year. "The Ancient Monuments of Henan and Jiangbei Provinces in Volume 3 of the Great Yuan Dynasty" contains: "Wolonggang is in Nanyang County, where Zhuge Liang and Kong Ming cultivated the land. .

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Emperor Renzong of the Yuan Dynasty appointed the Wuhou Temple in Nanyang

The fifteenth evidence that Zhuge Liang worked hard in Nanyang

The Wuhou Temple in Wollonggang, Nanyang was built by Yu Yanyou, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. It was decreed in the fourth year (AD 1315).

According to the "Edict to Repair the Nanyang Zhuge Academy Stele" written by Cheng Jufu of the Yuan Dynasty, it is said that in the second year of Emperor Wuzong's reign in the Yuan Dynasty, He Wei, the political official of Pingzhang in Henan, came to Nanyang. , led his officials and subordinates to Wollongong to visit the Zhuge Liang Temple, and "wandered around and felt excited", so he instructed the local officials in Nanyang to expand the temple, build a Confucius Temple to the east of the temple, and build Zhuge Academy behind the temple. This project was completed in Zhida Construction started in the spring of the second year and was completed in the autumn of Huangqing Wunian. After the completion of the construction, Henan submitted a request to the imperial court for naming in the fourth year of Yanyou (315 BC). The Zhuge Liang Temple in Wolonggang, Nanyang was officially named "Wuhou Temple". Cheng Jufu, a Hanlin scholar in the Yuan Dynasty and a native of Jingshan, Huguang, participated in collective research and wrote the "Edict". "The inscription should be said to be a reliable basis.

The official chronicles of the Ming Dynasty affirmed that Zhuge Liang cultivated Nanyang

The sixteenth evidence that Zhuge Liang cultivated Nanyang

In the Ming Dynasty, Zhuge Liang's plowing of Nanyang was further recognized by the government and recorded in the annals of history.

"Da Ming Yi Tong Zhi" is a historical geography monograph compiled by officials in the Ming Dynasty. The article "Mountains and Rivers" in Volume 30 of Nanyang Prefecture states: " Wollongong is located seven miles west of Fuzhou. It starts from the south of Songshan Mountain and stretches for hundreds of miles. It goes straight to here and winds like a nest, but the thatched cottage is in it. The world calls Kong Ming Wolong because of his nickname Gangyun. The lower part is as flat as a palm, which is where Kong Ming plowed. "In Volume 30 of the chronicle, the article about Nanyang's residence is also called: "Zhuge Liang was originally from Langya. He fled the chaos at the end of the Han Dynasty and lived in Xigang, Nanyang, where he cultivated Longmu. "

The statement in "Ming Jiajing Nanyang Prefecture Chronicle" is roughly the same as "Da Ming Yitong Chronicle". In the seventh year of Jiajing (1528 AD), upon the request of the Chief Secretary of Henan and other places, Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty confirmed that Nanyang Wolong Gang "is actually the place where Zhuge Liang hid his cultivation and made his fortune", "but Xiangyang is not the place where Liang and the hermit Pang Shiyuan came and went. ”

Many inscriptions in the Ming Dynasty record Zhuge Liang’s plowing in Nanyang

Evidence No. 17 of Zhuge Liang’s plowing in Nanyang

Ming Dynasty’s "Jiajing Yiyou Fuming People's Right Participation in Politics" Xu Fuli Submitted "The Stele" says: "Seven miles west of Nanyang County, there is Fulong Ran, which stretches for more than 40 miles. It is called Wolonggang. It is the place where Zhuge Kongming, the Prime Minister of the Han Dynasty, Zhongwuhou, worked hard. There is a thatched cottage on the hillock, and in front of it is Zhongwu. In the Hou Temple, the statue in the temple is hugging its knees with a silk scarf, which is awe-inspiring. Next to it is the former site of the academy. After asking the elders and examining the county annals, it was said that it was the Kongming Festival. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the villagers have erected a temple to worship it. Food is good for the year~~~. "Emperor Ming Xian said in the preface to the hymn of "Zhuge Wuhou": "Kongming was in Han Dynasty and was hiding in Nanyang. Sima Hui said to the late master that those who know the current affairs are heroes, and Zhuge Kongming is also a real hero~~~~ . "

Li Dongyang of the Ming Dynasty said in "Reconstruction of Zhuge Wuhou Temple": "Wollonggang, five miles west of Nanyang City, is the old site of thatched cottage. In Han history, it was said that the marquis Gonggeng Nanyang was also said to live in Longzhong, Xiangyang. In the Yuan Dynasty, temples were built to worship marquises, academies were built, mountain chiefs were appointed to gather disciples to give lectures, and hundreds of hectares of land were given to them. ”

Famous officials in the Ming Dynasty paid great attention to Nanyang Wuhou Temple

Eighteen Evidences of Zhuge Liang’s Farming in Nanyang

In the late Ming Dynasty, Zhu Guan wrote in "Reconstruction of Zhuge Wuhou Temple" Said: "To the west of Nanyang County, about six or seven miles away from the city, there is a hillock called Wolong. There used to be the Zhuge Wuhou Temple, which was destroyed over time. Princess Su of the Tang Dynasty heard about it and said to the king, "I heard that Zhuge Kongming was the hero of the Han Dynasty. , Nanyang is so majestic that it cannot be called a temple. It may not be able to honor the gods or comfort the hearts of those who come and go to pay homage. The king said, I have said the same thing, you have elegance, I will listen to you and make it happen. He donated his internal funds to meet the needs of villagers, materials, workers and servants, and ordered him to serve as the governor of General Bai Zhen. ”

Ye Guizhang, a native of Xindu, Shu in the Ming Dynasty, said in "The Story of Wuhou": "In the middle of the winter of Yiyou year in Jiajing, I was ordered to go to Nanyang in the Tang Dynasty. In my spare time, I had to pay homage to Wuhou Temple in Wollonggang. The hillock is about ten miles to the southwest of the county, with thick bamboos and ancient trees. In front of the Yingci Temple, the terrain is slightly lower on all sides, but the middle hillock is raised, so it is called Longzhong and covers the grand view of Nanyang.

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In the Yiyou year of Kangxi, two books, "Longgang Chronicle" and "Zhongwu Chronicle", were compiled and printed

Evidence No. 19 of Zhuge Liang's Farming in Nanyang

During the Qing Dynasty, The dispute over Zhuge Liang's farmland further heated up, but the view that Zhuge Liang farmed Nanyang still dominated. In the Yiyou year of Kangxi, Luo Xingzhan collected and compiled "Longgang Chronicles", which recorded the rise and fall, changes and repairs of Wollonggang; Zhang Penghie wrote "Zhongwu Zhi", which records Zhuge Liang's life achievements, chronology and anecdotes. Here are a few excerpts:

Qing Kecai said in "The Stele of the Reconstruction of Wuhou Temple": "There are ancestral temples all over the world. The most famous ones are San Yan. Examining his relics, he was born in Langya. In Shu and Dian, he repaid his merits and cherished his virtues. When he went to Nanyang, he also credited him for his hard work in cultivating the land of Hui. From ancient times to the present, it is said that there are "Wollonggang Cloud..."

Qing Peng's "Reconstruction of Zhuge Prime Minister Zhong Wuhou Temple" said: "Historically speaking, in the thirteenth year of Jian'an, Zhao Lie visited Zhuge Liang in Nanyang three times. Seven miles west of Nanyang, it is said to be Wollongong, the old place of Gonggong... ”

Discussion on the Qing Dynasty’s Reconstruction of the Wuhou Temple and Zhuge Academy Steles

Twenty Evidences of Zhuge Liang’s Farming in Nanyang

Qing Lu You’s “Recruiting for the Construction of Nanyang Wolong” It is said in "The Temple of Marquis Zhuge Zhongwu of Zhuge": "Marquis Zhuge Zhongwu did not only have the talents of kings and assistants, but actually also had the knowledge of sages and rites. Examining his life and parallel work, all his original classics and skills competed with the heroes of the three generations. How can he compete with them?" After plowing the long acres, I looked around three times before leaving the thatched cottage... ”

Gonggeng Stele

Yan Xingbang of the Qing Dynasty said in the "Stele of the Reconstruction of Zhuge Academy in Wollongong, Nanyang": "Go to the west of Nanyang City about seven miles away, there is Wollongong, where the public residence lives in seclusion at Ledao. There used to be a temple to worship the Duke in Lujing Xianyan. In the 10th year of the Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Zhuge Academy to gather students and disciples, and spread the fields to study in it. Since the Ming Ji Committee has been reduced to ashes, for more than sixty years, no one has ever asked about it. Wuchen Xia was assigned to Fuyu, and in December of winter he was ordered to explore the wasteland. Shixinshou Zhu Lin came to take charge of the project, so the work started in July and was completed in a few days... ”

Zhuge Liang had many relics of his activities in Nanyang

Twenty-one Evidences of Zhuge Liang’s Farming in Nanyang

Historical records show that there are many relics of Zhuge Liang’s activities in Nanyang There are relics of activities everywhere. For example, "Zhongzhou Zazu" written by Wang Jieren in the Qing Dynasty records: "Zhuge Liang was originally from Langya, and migrated to the mouth of Shixiaxia in Shunzhiyang. He built a hut and hid in it, and then migrated to Wolonggang in Nanyang. There is a small thatched nunnery at Shixiakou in present-day Yuzhou (today's Xiaoshidian in Fangcheng County), and stone records from the Tang Dynasty still exist. He also lived in Yebaigang, Xinye. The site of the village home is now the Yuhuang Temple, and the ancient well is still there. The stele at Wolonggang in Nanyang contains five hectares of new field land planted by tenant Zhang, which is also a relic of the sages. There is also Zhuge Village in Tang County, which is also a distant field of Wuhou. He once plowed out the ancient monument and built it in Tongzhai in the west of the county, sixty miles away from Nanyang City. I also tried to live at the foot of Pingshan Mountain in Ye County. There is a broken stone pillar in the second year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty. It says: "There is Zhuge's old tomb ruins in Huali, Gaoyang." ’ Today, at the foot of the mountain, there is the Zhuge Temple in the west and the Golden Rooster Tomb in the east. The Doubt Tomb is the burial place of Kongming’s father and ancestors. It was since his father and ancestors that Kongming fled to the west from Langya, and it was since Kongming that he lived in Nanyang. Since this broken stone building belongs to the Sui Dynasty, it is not far away from the Three Kingdoms, so it is necessary to find its authenticity, so I wrote it. ”

Zhuge Liang once purchased and cultivated land in Zhuge Village, Tongzhaipu

Evidence No. 22 that Zhuge Liang cultivated Nanyang

According to Nanyang’s "Tanghe County Chronicles. Geographical Chronicles" "Historic Sites" records: "Zhuge Village is more than 40 miles west of the county and west of Tongzhai Pu. In the 52nd year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty, the land was plowed and stone slabs were found, with the words 'Zhuge Village'. It is said that Marquis Wu once set up farmland here. , it is only sixty miles to the old house in Nanyang. "Tongzhaipu's "Township Names" also has this record: "Zhuge Village is located three kilometers southwest of Tongzhaipu and 350 meters north of Qugang Village. The farmland originally purchased by Zhuge Liang has long since disappeared. Now only the ruins remain. The terrain is higher than elsewhere, with bricks and rubble. In 1937, Fenggang villagers dug out a large vat here, and it is said that there was also a well. "Note: It is said that in the early years of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao led his troops to conquer Wancheng three times. The people were uneasy, so Zhuge Liang moved from Wollongong to Tongzhaipu for refuge, and purchased land and houses here. According to the Nanyang Cultural Relics Appraisal Group Experts from the court identified the bricks and tiles here and confirmed that these samples were Han bricks and tiles. From this, it seems that the Tongzhaipu Zhugezhuang site is credible, and Zhuge Liang's farming in Nanyang was not fixed in Wolong. Post a place.

Zhuge Liang's "Yuan She Tie" states that Liang plowed Nanyang

Twenty-three evidences of Zhuge Liang plowing Nanyang

Zhuge Liang led his troops through Xiegu. When Zhandao set out to attack Wei, he wrote a secret letter describing the situation of Cao Wei. This secret letter was passed down as a Tang hook copy made by Wang Xizhi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in imitation of Zhuge Liang's calligraphy, and was called "Yuanshe Tie". This calligraphy has been preserved since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, was lost in the early years of the Republic of China, and was recently rediscovered. This article is excerpted from "An Examination of Zhuge Liang's Steles and Inscriptions" by Tao Yuzhi, an unknown museum in Shanghai.

Zhuge Liang's "Yuanshe Tie" was first seen in Volume 13 of "Xuanhe Shupu" written by Feng Neiyuan of the Northern Song Dynasty. The "cursive script narrative" says: "Zhuge Liang's courtesy name was Kongming, and he was a native of Yangdu, Langya. Ye. Shaogu followed his father Xuanzu, and he went to work in Nanyang. He went to see him three times and then got up. "Shuiye." The strategy of Wang Ba was determined in his mind, and he died as expected. Those who knew him were good at painting, and he also liked to write cursive characters. It must be treasured. ...The cursive script in the imperial palace collection today is "Yuanshe Tie". "Yuanshe Tie" is Zhuge Liang's only surviving imitation, and the "Cursive Script Narrative" provides evidence that Zhuge Liang cultivated Nanyang.

The literati of the past dynasties praised Zhuge Wuhou

Twenty-four evidences of Zhuge Liang’s hard work in Nanyang

The literati of the past dynasties wrote a large number of poems and songs in praise of Zhuge Liang. Marquis Wu, from which we can get a glimpse of Zhuge Liang's hard work in Nanyang. Here are a few poems:

"Reading Zhuge Wuhou's Biography" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty

When he was in Nanyang, Longmu plowed his land. Home farming.

When fish and water come together, storms and clouds arise all over the world.

"Nanyang" Hu Zeng of the Tang Dynasty

In times of trouble, heroes have fought hundreds of battles, and Kong Ming once enjoyed farming and hoeing.

Would the King of Shu not look down and ask for his husband to come out of his old house?

"Zhuge Wuhou" Wang Anshi of the Song Dynasty

At this time, Wuhou, the Crouching Dragon alone destroyed Tibet.

Turn around and Liang Fu chanted, ashamed to compete with others.

The encounter led to the beginning of Nanyang.

In the rugged Bahan area, we have repeatedly attacked the frontier with weakness.

Zhuge Liang’s farmland was in Wollongong, Nanyang

Twenty-five pieces of evidence that Zhuge Liang farmed Nanyang

In the annals of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, All clearly stated that Zhuge Liang worked hard and received three visits in Wollongong, Nanyang. The annals say: "Wolonggang is located seven miles west of Nanyang Prefecture. It starts from the south of Songshan Mountain and stretches for hundreds of miles. It ends here. It swirls like a nest, but the thatched hut is inside it... and its bottom is as flat as a palm, which is Hou Gonggeng. "This paragraph describes the geographical situation of Wollongong, which stretches for hundreds of miles and winds like a giant dragon. Obviously, this is a geomantic treasure land, so it is called "Wolonggang". Zhuge Liang chose this place to cultivate long acres, and "hidden cultivation and prosperity" because of the land, known as "Fulong" or "Wolong". "Geographical Records" of the Ming Dynasty said: "People at that time called Kongming Wolong because he was called Gangyun." Yu Dayou, a general of the Ming Dynasty, said in "The Reconstruction of Zhuge Pavilion": "In the past, when Mr. Zhuge Liang was plowing Nanyang, people called him 'Fulong' Therefore, the hill he lives in is called Wolonggang, and the mountain is named after Mr. It shows that Zhuge Liang lived in Wollongong, Nanyang, and Wollonggang was where Hou Gonggong lived.