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Geographical location

Haining City is located in the northeast of Zhejiang Province and the south of Jiaxing City. Geographical coordinates are 3 15'-3 35' north latitude and 12 18'-12 52' east longitude. Haiyan County in the east, Qiantang River in the south, Shangyu City and Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou across the river, Yuhang District of Hangzhou in the west, Tongxiang City and Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing City in the north. City governs Xiashi Town. It is 125 kilometers east of Shanghai. Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway and Hangzhou-Shanghai Double Track of Provincial Highway 11 cross the city from east to west, Shanghai-Hangzhou Expressway and National Highway 32 cross the northern border, and the east line of Hangzhou Ring Road runs through the west. With "two horizontals and six verticals" as the main framework, city, town and village highways crisscross and extend in all directions. There are 46 graded inland waterways, and the main waterway is connected with the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

natural environment

The city is located in Hangjiahu Plain in the Yangtze River Delta, with an inland area of 699.92 square kilometers, of which plains account for 87.94%, hills account for 1.81% and waters account for 1.25%. The terrain is long and narrow, with a length of 51.65 kilometers from east to west and a width of 28.94 kilometers from north to south. The terrain is flat and inclined from southwest to northeast, with a ground elevation of 4-8 meters (Wusong elevation. The same below). Ancient land remnants and low hills are concentrated in the northeast and southeast of the country, with Gaoyang Mountain being the highest, with an altitude of 253.3 meters, and others below 2 meters. Haining belongs to the northern subtropical maritime humid climate zone, with mild climate, abundant rainfall, abundant sunshine and distinct four seasons. The average annual temperature is 15.9°C, the average annual rainfall is 1187 mm, the sunshine is 22.9 hours, and the frost-free period is 233.5 days. Because it is located in the mid-latitude, cold and warm air often meet here, and there are severe weather such as drought, waterlogging and wind. The cultivated land is sticky in the south and sticky in the north, with good structure, harmonious moisture and moderate pH, which is suitable for the growth of various crops. Haining belongs to the water network zone of Taihu Lake Basin. There are two water systems, Shangtang River and Canal, with a total length of 1,865.4 kilometers and a river network rate of 5.1%. Water resources are mainly river network runoff, with high utilization rate of external water, controlled exploitation of groundwater and total water resources of 662 million cubic meters, which can meet the needs of industrial and agricultural production and people's life. Haining lives in the north bank of Qiantang River estuary, with a coastline of 55.92 kilometers and a water area of 21,73 hectares. The seawall is 53.6 kilometers long, accounting for 33.5% of the total length of the seawall on the north shore. "Haining Tide" is a world-famous natural landscape, and the river near Dajianshan in Huangwan Town is the starting point for the emergence of "Haining Tide".

Establishment:

Haining is one of the cradles of Liangzhu culture. According to archaeological data, people lived in Haining from 6 to 7 years ago. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Haining was the hometown of Yue, Wu and Chu, the hometown of Juanli and the hometown of Yu 'er. Qin was in Haiyan County and Youquan County. In the eighth year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (23), Lu Xun was appointed as a captain of Haichang wasteland and led the county affairs here. In the second year of Wu Huangwu in the Three Kingdoms (223), Haiyan and Youquan Yanguan County belonged to Wu Jun and moved to Yangzhou, which was the beginning of Haining's county establishment. In the seventh year of Tang Wude (624), it was merged into Qiantang County, and in the fourth year of Zhenguan (63), it was restored to Yanguan County. In Zhenyuan (1295), Yuanyuan was promoted to Yanguan Prefecture, and in Tianli (1329), it was renamed Haining Prefecture. In the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369), it was reduced to Haining County, which belonged to Hangzhou Prefecture. In the thirty-eighth year of Qing Qianlong (1773), it was re-established as a state. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), it was changed to a county, directly under Zhejiang Province. In the 37th year of the Republic of China (1948), it was the first administrative supervision area. In May 1949, it was liberated and Haining County was built, which belongs to Jiaxing area. Haiyan County was merged into Haining County in October 1958, and Haining County was rebuilt in December 1961. In November 1986, Haining County was withdrawn and Haining City was established, belonging to Jiaxing City. Historically, Ning County was ruled in yanguan town for a long time. During his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he moved to the countryside and outside the county boundaries in Yuanhua area, and was located in Xiashi Town after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, and then he was also in charge of Yanshen Town. In June 1949, the county people's government moved to Xiashi Town.

Administrative Regions:

According to the records scattered in the epigraphy of ancient books, there were two cities, three towns, seven townships, seven miles and four villages before the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Song Xianchun (1265-1274), the county governed six townships. There were 1 townships in the early Yuan Dynasty, and then they were 6 townships. In the Ming Dynasty, there were 6 townships, 3 towns and 32 capitals. In the sixth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1728), there were 6 townships, 4 towns and city capitals, Andu, Shidu and Shangxia capitals. In the second year of Xuantong (191), there were 8 autonomous regions with 1 city, 2 towns and 5 townships. At the beginning of the Republic of China, the Qing system was followed, and then the village system and the Baojia system were implemented, and the administrative divisions changed many times. In 34 years of the Republic of China (1945), there were 4 districts and 55 townships in the county; In 35 years of the Republic of China, it was reduced to 44 townships; In 36 years, it was reorganized into 25 townships. In June 1949, the county people's government established 7 districts and 25 townships. In 195, it was changed to 6 districts and 68 townships. In 1956, the district organizational system was abolished and 22 townships and 68 townships were established. In October 1958, people's communes were implemented, Haiyan County was merged into Haining, and 13 people's communes were built. In 1959, the organizational system of five towns was restored. In May 1961, the scale of the commune was adjusted to set up 7 towns and 37 communes; In December, Haining and Haiyan were divided into counties, and Haining had 24 communes and 5 towns. In 1984, the company was withdrawn and the township was established, with 5 towns in the county. In 1984, she withdrew from the society and built a township, with 5 towns and 23 townships in the county. With the development of economy and society, a number of rural areas have been built into towns. In 1998, there were 15 towns and 1 townships. In November 1999, it was adjusted to 14 towns and 4 townships. In October 21, the township administrative divisions were optimized and improved, and the whole city was adjusted to 13 towns. In November, 23, the administrative divisions were further optimized, and there were 8 towns and 4 streets in the city.

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