Classical Chinese essays describing country and country

1. Ancient poems and essays describing the great country of our country

Wanglu Mountain Waterfall

Li Bai

Purple smoke rises from the incense burner in sunshine,

View the waterfall Kagemae River from a distance.

The flying stream plummets down three thousand feet,

It is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen into the sky.

Wangyue

How about Dai Zongfu? Qilu is still young.

The clock of creation is beautiful, and the yin and yang cut off the dusk.

Stratus clouds grow in the chest, and returning birds enter the canthus.

When you reach the top of the mountain, you can see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance.

Looking at Tianmen Mountain

Li Bai

Tianmen interrupts the opening of the Chu River, and the clear water flows eastwards to this point.

The green mountains on both sides of the strait face each other, and the lone sail comes from the sun.

Tixilinbi

Viewed horizontally, it is a ridge and a peak on the side, with different heights near and far.

I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain. 2. Poems describing country and country

Poems describing country and country include: Don’t lean on the railing when you are alone, country is limitless, it is easy to say goodbye but difficult to see when you are gone.

"Langtaosha·Gurgling Rain Outside the Curtain" Year: Tang Dynasty Author: Li Yu The mountains and rivers are picturesque, and the misty trees are vivid in the sight. "Niannujiao·Looking into the distance from high" Era: Song Dynasty Author: Su Shi Throughout the ages, there is no hero to be found, but Sun Zhong is the one to find one.

"Yong Yu Le Nostalgic for the Past in Guting, Bei Jingkou" Era: Song Dynasty Author: Xin Qiji traveled through many changes in the country, and how many relatives and friends died! "Partridge Sky: Wanting to Go to a High Building to Away from Sorrows" Year: Song Dynasty Author: Xin Qiji lamented that the mountains and rivers remained the same, and thousands of villages were scattered. "Man Jiang Hong·Looking into the Central Plains" Era: Song Dynasty Author: Yue Fei's country is so beautiful that countless heroes compete to bow to it.

"Qinyuan Spring·Snow" Era: Modern Author: *** Points to the country, inspires words, and the excrement of thousands of households. "Qinyuanchun·Changsha" Era: Modern Author: *** I occasionally looked towards Lingxantai, and I saw that the spring light had already passed three minutes.

The overlapping of mountains and rivers makes people ecstasy. "Linjiang Immortal·Occasionally Looking to Lingxantai" Year: Song Dynasty Author: Li Zhiyi Don't talk about Yidian.

Let’s take a look at the country. "Dianjiang Lip·Don't Ask About the Double Ninth Festival" Year: Song Dynasty Author: Xiang Ziwen Jiangshan is far away.

Climb high and you will be healthy. You should ask the wild goose from the west.

"Dian Jian Lip·Double Wine and Yellow Flowers" Year: Song Dynasty Author: Huang Tingjian The country is picturesque, and there are many heroes at that time. "Nian Nujiao, Chibi Nostalgia" Era: Song Dynasty Author: Su Shi. 3. How to express the growth of the country in classical Chinese

Dong Wenbing, courtesy name Yanming, was the eldest son of Jun.

Master Wen Bing served his husband, he was alert and good at memorizing, and he was like an adult since he was a child. At the end of the year, he appointed his father as the magistrate of Gaocheng.

We were born in the same row when we both had fathers. Wen Bing was young and young, so the officials were not afraid. Wen Bingming is good at hearing and judging, and uses kindness to help others.

Not long after, the people in the same row tied up their hands, and the officials held the case and asked for a signature. They did not dare to look up, and the people inside were also very impressed. Gengshen, Shizu, was located in Shangdu. It was the first year of Zhongtong, and he ordered Wen Bing to announce the peace to all the Taoists in Yannan.

He also said: "If a person has been relaxed and indulgent for a long time, he will not be allowed to obey the law suddenly. There are still many people who are dangerous and doubtful. It is appropriate to forgive the world and make a new beginning."

The ancestors followed this. , those who turn to the opposite side will be safe. In the second year, he was promoted to the Xuanfu envoy of Shandong East Road.

Fang Jiudao will appoint a bodyguard and pro-army. The emperor said: "It is difficult for a pro-army to be civilized." That is to say, the bodyguard and pro-army are commanded from afar and wear golden tiger talismans.

In three years, Li Fen rebelled against Jinan. The opera thief is good at using soldiers.

Wen Binghui surrounded the army and Fen could not escape. After a long time, the thieves became increasingly weak, and Wen Bing said: "The poor bandits can be captured by tricks."

When they arrived at the city, they called Fen to the commander of Tiandu and said: "The rebel is Fen'er. The rest will be ours, no matter what. You are asking for your own death." Tian Ping surrendered to the city.

Tian, ​​the general who loved the cannon, surrendered, and the people were in chaos, and the birds and cannons were offered as offerings. After Fen Fu's execution, Shandong was still not at peace, so Wen Bing was appointed as the envoy of Shandong East Road and led his troops to march.

When Wen Bing arrived at Yidu, he left his troops outside and entered with several cavalry in uniform. He summoned the officials to the court and said: "Feng has been put to death, and you are all the king's subjects."

The Son of Heaven is the most benevolent and sage, and he has sent envoys to appease you. You should be at peace with each other and have no fear.

The strategy makes it easier to remove the generals and officials, and you reluctantly take the gold and silver talismans, but the strategy makes you dare not give orders to those who have meritorious service. "

The whole army is happy and Shandong is safe. In the summer of the 15th year, Wen Bing became ill and asked for help. The edict said: "The summer is scorching in most of the cities. If you are not sick, you can come here. The solid will heal. "

When Wen Bing came to the Shangdu, the emperor said: "It is not enough for you to be loyal and filial. The affairs of the Privy Council are important, so Qing Qian writes about the affairs of the Privy Council, and Zhong writes to Zuo Cheng as before. "

Wen Bing's speech is not allowed. On the Tianshou Festival in August, the ceremony was completed and a banquet was given. The emperor ordered Wen Bing to sit on him, and told the clan ministers: "Dong Wen Bing is a meritorious official, so he should sit down." ”

Every time when food was served, Wen Bing was always given away. That night, Wen Bing became ill again, and the imperial doctor was ordered to come for examination.

On September 13th, Jidu took a bath and sat down, summoned Wen Zhong and others and said, "I hate to die for my country. It is my fate now." I hope there will be men in the Dong family who can ride horses and serve the country with all their strength, and then I will die in peace. "

After saying this, he rested on his pillow. When the emperor heard about it, he mourned for a long time.

(Selected from "Yuan History·Volume 156·Biography No. 43", there are 4. Classical Chinese essays describing landscapes

Travel Notes on Shizhong Mountain by Su Shi

On a dark night, I rode a small boat to the foot of a cliff, looking like a strange beast. The ghosts are eager to attack people, and the falcons on the mountain will startle when they hear the sound of people, and there is an old man coughing and laughing in the valley, and he may say: "This is a stork and a crane." "I wanted to return, so I made a loud noise on the water. The sound was like bells and drums, and the people in the boat were frightened. When I looked at it slowly, I found that there were stone caves under the mountain. I don't know how deep they are. Microwaves penetrated, and the waves were surging. For this reason. When the boat returns to the two mountains and is about to enter the port, there is a large rock flowing in the middle, which can accommodate a hundred people. There are many holes in the air, which are in harmony with the Feng Shui. Ru Le Zuo Yan said with a smile: "Do you know this?" Those who are awkward are like King Jing of Zhou's Wushe; those who are boring and boring are like the song bells of Wei Xianzi. The ancients did not deceive anyone. "

Former Red Cliff Ode

In the autumn of Renxu, in the seventh month, Su Zi and his guests went boating under Red Cliff. The breeze came slowly, and the water was calm. He drank wine for the guests. , chanting the poem of the bright moon, singing the graceful chapter. A little while ago, the moon appeared above the east mountain, wandering across the river, and the water was as bright as a reed, and it was as vast as a vast expanse. Feng Xu rode the wind, but he didn't know where it was going; he seemed to be left alone in the world, emerging into immortality.

So he drank and enjoyed himself, and sang: "The osmanthus and the orchid paddle." , Hit the sky brightly and trace the light. It's so dim in my arms, and I look up to the beauty in the sky. "There is a guest who plays the tune of the cave, and he sings along with it. His voice sounds like resentment, admiration, and weeping. The lingering sound is lingering, like a wisp; dancing in the secluded ravine, weeping in the lonely boat. Woman.

Su Zi was stunned, sitting upright and asked the guest, "Why is this so?" The guest said: "The moon and stars are sparse, and the black magpies are flying south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde?" It looks to Xiakou to the west and Wuchang to the east. The mountains and rivers are close to each other, and the sky is green; isn't this what Meng De said was trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi defeated Jingzhou, went down to Jiangling, followed the river to the east, sailed boats thousands of miles away, covered the sky with flags, drank wine by the river, and wrote poems across the river. He was a hero for a lifetime, where is he now? Kuang Wu and his son were fishing and woodcutting on the rivers and rivers, accompanying fish and shrimps and making friends with elk. They rode a small boat with a leaf, and raised bottles to show their friendship. They sent mayflies to the sky and the earth, a drop in the vast sea. I mourn the brief moment of my life, I envy the infinity of the Yangtze River; I carry flying immortals with me to travel around, I hold the bright moon in my arms for the rest of my life; I don't know how unexpected it is, but I leave my legacy in the sad wind.

Su Zi said: "Does a guest also know that my husband has water and the moon?" Those who have passed away are like this, but they have not yet passed away; those who are full and empty are like that, but their deaths are not waxing and waning. If I look at the things that have changed, I will see that heaven and earth cannot last a moment; if I look at the things that do not change, then all things will be endless to me. And why would you envy it? Moreover, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner. It's not my property, even if I don't take any of it. But the cool breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains can be heard as sounds by the ears, and can be seen by the eyes as colors. Take it without restraint and use it inexhaustibly. This is the infinite treasure of the Creator, and it is the perfect place for me and my son. ”

Since I found it in two places, I won’t write it on the web page.

The guests smiled happily, washed the dishes and drank more, the food cores were all gone, and the cups and plates were in a mess. We met and pillowed each other. In the boat, I don't know how white the east is.

Poster to Red Cliff

It's ten months since I left the snow hall, and I'm about to return to Lingao. On the mud slope, the frost and dew have fallen, the leaves have fallen off, and the figures are on the ground, looking up at the bright moon, looking at it with joy, and singing to each other.

He sighed and said: "There are guests but no wine, there is wine but no food, the moon is white and the wind is clear, what a good night it is!" The guest said: "Today at dusk, I lift the net to catch fish, with a big mouth and thin scales, like a perch in the Songjiang River. Gu An Did you get any wine? "Go back and seek help from your wives." The woman said, "I have a bucket of wine, which I have hid for a long time, just in case my son needs it from time to time." So she took the wine and fish and swam under the Red Cliff again. The river flows with sound, and the bank is broken for thousands of feet; the mountains are high and the moon is small, and the water falls and rocks are revealed. The sun and the moon were as old as before, but the mountains and rivers cannot be recognised. I took my clothes and climbed up, walking on the slanderous rocks, covered with velvet, perched on tigers and leopards, climbed on horned dragons, climbed on the dangerous nests of falcons, and looked down on Feng Yi's secluded palace. Gai Ergu can't follow him. Suddenly there was a long roar, the grass and trees shook, the mountains hummed and the valley responded, the wind blew and the water surged. I am also quiet and sad, solemn and frightened, so awe-inspiring that I can't stay. Instead, he boarded the boat, let it go into the middle of the current, and waited until it stopped. It was almost midnight, and everything was lonely. There is a lone crane coming across the river from the east. The wings are like wheels, and the silk clothes are black and white. They scream loudly and sweep towards the boat heading west.

After a while, the guest left, and I fell asleep. In the dream, a Taoist priest, with his feathers fluttering, passed by Lingao. He bowed to me and said, "Are you having fun at Red Cliff?" When asked his name, he bowed his head and did not answer. "Woohoo! Heehee! I know it. Those who flew past me at night in the past are not my sons, are they evil?" The Taoist priest smiled, and I was also shocked. Open an account and look at it, but you can't see it. 5. Looking for ancient classical Chinese texts, poems, and lyrics that describe landscapes

1) "All the birds are flying high, and the lonely clouds are alone."

It not only describes the scenery in front of you, but also It expresses the feeling of loneliness: a few birds in the sky fly away until they disappear without a trace; there is a white cloud in the lonely sky, but it refuses to stay, and slowly floats farther and farther away, as if everything in the world hates the poet and leaves. . The two words "end" and "idle" lead readers into a realm of "quietness"; they feel a special sense of tranquility and tranquility after the drifting white clouds disappear.

In these two poems, there is "quiet" in the "movement". Both "quiet" and "moving" highlight the loneliness and loneliness of the poet's soul.

This vivid way of writing hints at the poet’s long period of quiet contemplation while visiting Jingting Mountain, showing his loneliness when “sitting alone”. . (2) "I never tire of seeing each other, only Jingting Mountain."

Use personification to describe the poet's relationship with Jingting Mountain. The birds flew away and the clouds drifted away.

The poet could only stare at Jingting Mountain quietly, and Jingting Mountain seemed to be looking at the poet motionless. The poet is very emotional at the moment. He is probably the only one in the world who is willing to be my companion. What a rare confidant! "We never tire of seeing each other" expresses the feeling of mutual confidants between the poet and Jingting Mountain.

The words "phase" and "liang" are synonymous, closely connecting the poet with Jingting Mountain, showing a feeling of cherishing each other. The word "only" in the conclusion is also refined, highlighting the poet's love for Jingting Mountain.

(1) "The light of the lake and the moon are harmonious in autumn, and there is no windshield on the lake surface that has not been polished." The autumn colors of Dongting Lake are always written.

On a bright moonlit autumn night, the waves of Dongting Lake and the bright moonlight set off each other, making it look so harmonious and peaceful. Under the reflection of the moonlight, the windless Dongting Lake is as calm as an unpolished mirror, hazy with a quiet and soft beauty.

Dongting Lake is actually very large, with a radius of hundreds of miles. The word "tanmian" means that the author deliberately described the large Dongting Lake as a small pool, which means that the author has a very broad mind.

(2) "Looking at the green mountains and rivers of Dongting from a distance, there is a green snail in the silver plate." The poet uses strange imagination and precise metaphors to describe the mountains and rivers of Dongting Lake.

First, write about the color of the mountains and waters of Dongting Lake from a distance; then compare the water color of Dongting Lake to a "silver-white plate" and the mountains in Dongting Lake to a small "green snail". ". A small green snail is placed on a silver-white plate. It looks small, exquisite and very delicate, and matches the color of the lake and mountains shrouded in the moonlight.

It is also a supplementary explanation to the previous sentence. Huang Tingjian of the Song Dynasty's "Climbing the Yueyang Tower in the Rain and Looking at the Mountains" said "It's a pity that you can't see the green mountains from the lake surface, but from the silver mountains to see the green mountains", which is derived from these two sentences.

(1) "Jiangnan is good" This is the poet's praise for the spring in Jiangnan. "The scenery is familiar to me in the past."

"Old": Once upon a time, it refers to the poet's visit to Hangzhou when he was young. "Zeng": once.

"familiar": familiar. I was so familiar with and understood the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan.

(2) "When the sun rises, the flowers on the river are as red as fire, and when spring comes, the river is as green as blue." When spring returns to the earth, flowers are in full bloom. Whenever the sun rises from the east, the sun shines on the earth, and flowers bloom everywhere. It is more beautiful, the spring water is blue and the green waves are sparkling. Because of the red sun, the red flowers are redder, like burning flames; because the river flowers are red, the river water looks more green. The word "blue" describes the beautiful scene of deep blue water in spring. .

(3) "Can we not recall Jiangnan?" This kind of scenery in Jiangnan cannot be seen in Luoyang, so the end of the poem is a rhetorical question: How can we not recall the scenery in Jiangnan so beautiful? ? The Mentality of Literati - The Aesthetic Subject of Landscape Idylls China's long history and long unification provide aesthetic time for landscape idylls, and the beautiful scenery provides the aesthetic space for ancient poets to create the most beautiful landscape idylls. Western scenery also has its own beautiful characteristics. Why is its landscape pastoral poetry far less prosperous than China's, and its connotation is far less profound, graceful, complex and interesting than ancient Chinese landscape pastoral poetry? In addition to the limitations of aesthetic time mentioned above that affect aesthetic space, what is more important is the reason for the aesthetic subject, that is, the reason for the mentality of ancient literati.

Patriotism - the high-pitched main theme of landscape pastoral poetry. The land of China, with its famous mountains and rivers as its bones and blood vessels, and its countryside as its muscles, is the source from which the Chinese nation obtains the means of survival. Mountains, rivers and countryside nurture people, and people must love mountains, rivers and countryside, and develop a deep love for mountains, rivers and country.

This kind of love for mountains and rivers and rural feelings has become more and more intense with the development of the times and society. When the nation-state was formed, it became an important part of the noble feelings of patriotism and contributed to the final formation of patriotism. . In turn, the ancient landscape and pastoral poets, inspired by the spirit of patriotism, traveled around the mountains and rivers, enjoyed the countryside, eulogized the Chinese scenery, and created beautiful landscape odes, which gave the landscape and pastoral poetry high ideological significance and contributed to our country's patriotism. It has made significant contributions to the development of literature, and also played a role that cannot be ignored in the inheritance and development of the patriotism tradition.

In the distant ancient times, the Chinese people had many legends about worshiping mountains and rivers, traveling and living in seclusion. The Yellow Emperor traveled around the world and enshrined the Five Sacred Mountains; Chao Fu and Xu You fled to the mountains and forests because of their high standards of purity and were not respected by the world; Yu Shun hunted in the east, climbed Nanshan Mountain, viewed Hezhu, and visited Cangwu in the south and died and was buried in Jiuyi Mountain; "The Book of Songs" "Zhou Song·Yin" praises King Wu's victory over Shang, the unification of the world, the vast territory, the magnificent scene surrounded by mountains, and the confluence of hundreds of rivers; Wei Wuhou traveled to the Xihe River and praised "the beautiful mountains and rivers are solid! This is the treasure of the Wei State."

Confucius visited the forest of Mianwei and sat on the apricot altar. He also traveled to the wilderness of Shaoyuan and the Rongshan Mountain. He put forward the famous view that "the wise enjoy the water and the benevolent enjoy the mountains"; Qu Yuan in "Calling the Soul" Describing the state of Chu, "the paths of the rivers and valleys are restored, and the streams are more murmuring. The light and wind are turning to the water, and the water is more orchid."; "There are many terraces and pavilions, and some are close to the mountains." The beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland and the pleasant scenery call for the return of the soul of the King of Chu. .

After the Six Dynasties, landscape and pastoral poetry flourished. There were numerous works praising and describing landscapes and pastoral poetry to express the love for mountains and rivers and the affection for the homeland. There were also numerous works that used landscapes to directly express patriotism. Gao Shi wrote the poem "The rites and music are splendid, the mountains and rivers are serene" ("A Reward to Li Taishou of Suiyang"); Chu Guangxi wrote five poems "Maoshan Tour", which expresses the beauty and wild taste of Maoshan scenery. In the poem, " The purpose of this is to observe the country, not to travel far away." "The sky and the earth are full of light, and the mountains and rivers are bright in spring." It is intended to praise the Tang Empire in its heyday; Du Fu has a sigh that "the country is broken, the mountains and rivers are there, and the spring vegetation is deep in the city." ("Spring Outlook"); Lu You wrote, "Thirty thousand miles of river flows eastward into the sea, and five thousand miles of mountains reach the sky.