A Record of Flood and Its Harm after the Founding of People's Republic of China (PRC).
1。 1 August 9631to 10, a basin-wide rainstorm and flood occurred in Haihe river basin, and the "63.8" Dongshan rainstorm in Jinzhong was mainly concentrated in seven counties (cities) of Xiyang, Pingding, Heshun, Zuo Quan, Yangquan, Yuxian and Shouyang. The distribution of rainstorm area gradually decreases from east to west and from south to north. The eastern part of Heshun and Pingding counties is the edge of the rainstorm center, with heavy rainfall, and Heshun Xinzhuang, Yan Song and Pingding Donghui are the biggest points of this rainstorm in Dongshan. The rain area with a rainstorm of more than 200mm is about 9000km2. Heavy rains and floods have caused quite serious disasters in Dongshan area. Pingding county. Of the 425 natural villages in the county, 369 were washed away by floods, which washed away land 1.867 hm2, and 32,000 houses and kilns collapsed, resulting in 3,574 households and 1.4 million homeless people, 55 casualties and 22 factories and mines stopped production. The highest flood level of Dashimen Reservoir is only 0.5m from the dam crest, which is in serious danger. The No.460 Brigade in Yuxian was affected by the disaster, with 5,340 houses (caves) collapsed, three people died, the land was washed away 1 13hm2, and the waterlogging was 327hm2.
2。 "66.8" quelled the torrential rain in Luanquan.
From 22 to 24 August 1966, a large-scale, heavy rainfall and high-intensity rainstorm occurred in Pingding, Yangquan and Xiyang, Dongshan, Jinzhong. There was a flood in Taohe River, and Yangquan City suffered a serious flood disaster.
From the afternoon of August 22nd, the rainstorm began to rain on the windward slopes of the upper reaches of Tanghe River and Hutuo River in the north, with small rainfall and scattered distribution. The maximum daily rainfall at Houzhuang Station of Tanghe River is 85mm. On 23rd, the rain area moved from northeast to southwest, and the rainstorm area moved to Taihang Mountain area such as Pingding, Yangquan and Xiyang, and Gujiao area in Taiyuan. On the afternoon of 23rd, the rainfall increased and gradually weakened in the evening, until the morning of 24th, the rainfall stopped one after another. Rainfall is mainly concentrated on the afternoon of the 23rd. According to the actual measurement at Yangquan Station, the maximum rainfall of 1 minute is 1276mm, and the maximum rainfall of 1 hour is 67.5mm At Donghui Rainfall Station in Pingding County, the maximum rainfall of 6 hours is 2223 13: 23. The maximum rainfall is 24 ... This rainstorm has two centers: Quancun, Pingding County, on the windward side of Taihang Mountain in the east, with the maximum rainfall of 453mm in 6 hours, 580mm in 24 hours and 6 10mm in 36 hours. Another rainstorm center is in Xigou Village, Gujiao District, the upper reaches of Fenhe River, with the maximum rainfall of 174mm in 6 hours and 33 1mm in 24 hours. The maximum 24-hour rainfall measured at Donggou Rainfall Station of Xishan Coal Mine in Taiyuan is156.3 mm.
The central area of this rainstorm moves from east to west, and the main rain area is about 400km in the northwest-southeast direction and about 150km in the north-south direction. Rainfall varies from Xiajin County, Shandong Province in the southeast to Jingle County, Shanxi Province in the northwest. Rainfall pushes from northeast to southwest. The rain area over 200mm in Luanquan rainstorm center is 1340km2, over 100mm is 6440km2, over 80mm is 1 1825km2, and over 60mm to the west of Xigou rainstorm center, with an area of 22 125km2.
There is a general rainstorm in the whole basin above Yangquan in Taohe River. When the average rainfall in the whole basin is from 23rd 10 to 2 1 2, the maximum rainstorm intensity is concentrated within 5 hours from 23rd 15 to 20: 00. Due to the concentration of heavy rain, runoff occurred in the whole basin of Taohe River, and flash floods broke out in each branch ditch. On 23rd 17: 08+02, the measured peak flow of Taohe Yangquan Hydrological Station was 18 10m3/s, and the flood volume was 36.3 million m3. According to frequency analysis, once every 20 years.
Because the Taohe levee was incomplete at that time, there were seven levees with a height of 653m from the westward journey to the south of Baiyangshu, and the flood flooded into the urban area. The streets with the water depth of 1.2 ~ 2 m and 15 were all in Zeguo, with 62 factories, 49 warehouses/kloc-0, 98 shops, 22 schools and 4 hospitals.
At 23 15: 20, the flood entered the station area of Yangquan Railway Station and was forced to stop the station operation. Among the 20 tracks in the station, the flood damaged 1/3, washed away 40,000 m3 of earthwork and 3000m3 of stone slag. Of the 433 wagons in the station, 28 1 were damaged by flood and 25 were dumped. A railway bridge in the Baiyangshu section was washed away, and the subgrade from the westward journey to Niangziguan section was seriously damaged, and many bridges were damaged. The Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan line was interrupted, and the railway did not resume operation until 3 1. Many railway bridges such as Dongniangziguan, Chenjiazhuang and Xiapanshi in Yangquan were seriously damaged. It was not until September 15 that Shijiazhuang-Taiyuan Railway resumed single-track operation, which lasted for 23 days, setting a record for railway interruption in the whole province.
When the flood flooded into Yangquan City, the water source equipment, coal bunker, booster station and other facilities of Yangquan Power Plant were destroyed by the flood, the distribution room exploded, most of the instruments were flooded, and two of the three motors could not operate, resulting in power failure of some transmission trunk lines in the city for 48 ~ 96 hours. The water source well of 1 1 in the waterworks was flooded, which caused the city to stop water supply for one day and some areas to stop water supply for six days. All flour mills in the city were flooded and 6 million kilograms of flour and grain were destroyed. The timber company has 107m3 timber flowing into Taohe River.
In addition, seven communes in the suburbs of Yangquan City also suffered from floods, which washed away 125hm2 farmland, silted up 322hm2 land, washed away 27 river banks, washed away 5260m channels, collapsed 73 1 house and washed away 7900kg grain and1064.
The "66.8" rainstorm and flood caused the direct economic loss of industry, transportation and residents' property in Yangquan City to reach 22 million yuan. Among them, materials lost 8 million yuan, various equipment lost 5.5 million yuan, houses lost 8 million yuan, and residents' property lost 500,000 yuan, resulting in a total economic loss of 654.38 billion yuan.
3. On July 8, 2009, affected by cold and warm air, Pingding, Yangquan and Yuxian, where the Imperial Capital Station is located, experienced heavy rains with rainfall ranging from 50 mm to 70 mm, effectively alleviating the high temperature weather and soil drought that lasted for half a month. What followed was a severe flood control situation. In the early morning of the 9th, the Imperial Capital Station ushered in the first flood since it entered the flood season this year.
On July 7, according to the forecast of the Central Meteorological Observatory, there will be a heavy rainfall process in North China, and there will be heavy rains in Pingding, Yangquan and Yuxian in the basin where Didu Station is located. In order to do a good job in flood forecasting, the hydrological station has made careful arrangements. Firstly, the high and low buoy test equipment was inspected and put into trial operation. Part of the test materials used by the buoy have been fully supplemented, the test equipment has been thoroughly inspected and arrived at the post ahead of schedule. Test instruments used in the test, such as walkie-talkie, alarm and electric wave current meter, need to be charged with batteries in time. The hanging box test equipment and lighting equipment have been put into trial operation, the current meter has been put into trial operation, the bell box has been inspected and tested, and the alarm has entered the alert state. In order to prevent the occurrence of sudden power failure accidents, the self-provided generators are inspected and debugged to ensure the smooth development of various forecasting work. The whole station 1 staff stayed on duty to answer the phone and monitor the precipitation in the upper reaches of the river (meteorological network), and the rest were all stationed in the duty room by the river, staying open for 24 hours and entering the state of war.
At 7 o'clock on the 8 th, the rain began to drip underground. Although the rainfall intensity was average this time, it lasted for a long time, lasting nearly 15 hours. By 22 o'clock in the evening, according to the report of the station attendant, the rainfall in Yangquan, Pingding and Yuxian in the upper reaches of the Imperial Capital Station was about 60 mm, and the staff felt more nervous and tight, and their vigilance was improved by a hundred times. At 4: 24 a.m. on the 9th, the alarm broke through the quiet night sky, and the flood arrived as scheduled, and the staff of the whole station responded calmly. Due to full preparation, the forecast work is tense and not chaotic. According to their respective division of labor, the staff of the whole station immediately embarked on their respective posts and devoted themselves to the intense forecasting work. According to the rising trend of flood, the decision to test the flow with hanging box was made soon. Some plan to send water telegrams, some install current meters, some observe and record water levels, and some take water samples from single sand. Because the flood is small, it reaches its peak in a short time, and the battle to measure the flood peak begins instantly. Comrade Li Shibin is a new employee who was just assigned to our station after the army changed jobs last year. Although his working time is not long, after a year of tempering, the old employees are diligent and eager to learn, from layman to expert, from supporting role to protagonist, their professional knowledge and operational skills have been greatly improved, and they are all qualified for the basic work of the station. This flood is no exception, and the storm can't stop the sincere heart of hydrologists. He seized this good opportunity to exercise and made an experiment across the hanging box. His skillful movements and standardized operations are like an old worker. Because there are few people at hydrological stations this year, the flood is obvious as soon as it arrives. Seeing that we were so busy that we didn't even have time to eat, the family members of the staff took the initiative to devote themselves to hydrological forecasting. They brought us hot meals to the road section in the storm, and also helped us observe the water level and took simple sand prevention measures. After being busy, they persisted in the final victory of flood forecasting. Their arrival inspired the fighting spirit of the whole station staff, and with their assistance and the cooperation of Qi Xin, the task of flood forecasting was successfully completed. The measured maximum water level of this flood is 335.33m, and the maximum discharge is19.8m3/s. It is planned to send water telegrams for 3 times, discharge for 5 times, and single sand 12 times.
The real battle of flood forecasting has just started the flood forecasting in this year's flood season, and now it is in the main flood season. The staff of the whole station are determined to practice basic skills hard, never slacken off, never relax, strictly guard against death, stick to their posts 24 hours a day, unite as one, and work with Qixin to complete this year's flood forecasting work.