Characteristics of Huizhou Folk Houses

Taking advantage of the "different heights and different shades" environment in Huizhou mountainous area, they tried their best to choose a treasure house of geomantic omen and choose a site to build a village, so as to be blessed, well-fed and prosperous for future generations. In ancient Huizhou, almost every village had a certain foundation of Feng Shui. Or according to the mountain, the foothills and throats, mountain piers and mountain passes; Or live by the water, embrace the winding river, rely on the ferry and cross the river. Some are in the shape of horns; Such as Wuyuan Xikeng; Bow, such as the source of Taibai; There are bands, such as high sand at the source; There are zigzag, such as Mi Yuan Merlin; There are waves, such as Yixian Xidi; There is a cloud reunion type, such as Shexian dive; Some are dragon-shaped, such as Jiangcun in Shexian County; There are also half-moon, T-shape, herringbone, cut shape, square print shape, arc shape, straight line shape and so on. Different shapes and colorful weather.

In Huizhou ancient residential buildings, the strict hierarchical system of Confucianism and the feudal moral concepts of different grades, different men and women and orderly aging are also very obvious. The perfect unity of practicality and artistry is another typical feature of Huizhou folk houses. Huizhou ancient dwellings are mostly surrounded by mountains and waters, which can shelter from the wind, facilitate firewood for cooking and heating, and give people a sense of beauty. The village is built by water, which can not only facilitate drinking and washing, but also irrigate farmland and beautify the environment. Gathering in the ancient village, the streets are narrow, the white gables are wide and tall, and the gray horse head wall has a unique shape.

This structure saves land, is convenient for fire prevention, theft prevention, cooling and moisture prevention, and makes the house unique in a strict sense. The white walls and gray tiles of the house are very beautiful in the green mountains and green waters. The gathered courtyard can be ventilated and light-permeable, and the four waters return to the hall, which also adapts to the simple psychology that fat water does not flow outside the field.

In the old days, most urban and rural houses in Huizhou were brick and wood structures. The Ming Dynasty was characterized by spacious upstairs. After the Qing Dynasty, there were houses with three bedrooms, one bright and two bedrooms (left and right bedrooms) and four bedrooms, one bright and four dark. More than one room. The gate is decorated with landscape figures carved with stone and brick. The gatehouse has double eaves, patios are opened at each entrance, and the rainwater flows into the sewer through the dam. Commonly known as "four waters return to the hall", which means "money does not flow out" There is a partition between the entrances and a firewall (horse head wall) around it, which looks like an old castle from a distance. Generally speaking, when a family plunges in, the middle door is closed and each family lives alone. The middle door opened, and a gate came in and out to pay homage to the ancestors. The climate in Huizhou mountainous area is humid, and people generally regard the upstairs as the main habitat of daily life, retaining the legacy of "nesting" by indigenous Shanyue people. The upstairs hall is generally spacious, with a hall, bedroom and wing, and a "beauty chair" by the patio.