What are Master Hongyi's plays, music and paintings?

In the history of cultural development in China for nearly a hundred years, Hony Master Li Shutong is recognized as a generalist and a wizard in academic circles. As a pioneer of the New Culture Movement in China, he first introduced western oil painting, piano and drama to China, and was famous for his good calligraphy, poetry, general painting, temperament, refined epigraphy and performing arts. Li Shutong is the pioneer of China drama movement and the founder of China drama. He is the main member of the first drama group "Spring Willow Society" in China. La Traviata, which was staged during the Spring Festival in the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), was the first drama staged by China people, with Li Shutong as the heroine Margaret. Later, he starred in Black Slave's Call to Heaven, One-Act Play Living in Compassion, and The Painter and His Sister. Li Shutong's performance had a great response in the society. Although Li Shutong's drama activities are like stars, they light up the road of China's drama development and open the curtain of China's drama. Especially in scenery design, makeup, clothing, props, lighting and many other artistic aspects. , played an enlightening role. Li Shutong 1896

In music, Li Shutong is a great lyricist and composer, and the first person in China who has achieved fruitful results and far-reaching influence in music and song creation. He edited Music Magazine, the first music periodical in China. He was also the first composer in China to compose music with staff. He first popularized the western "King of Music" piano in China. He explained harmony and counterpoint in Zhejiang No.1 Normal School, was the first person to introduce western music theory into China, and was also one of the earliest promoters of "school music songs". In the thirty-first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1905), the Collection of Songs of Chinese Studies was edited and published, which was used as a teaching material by primary and secondary schools at that time. His songs are wide in content and diverse in forms, which are mainly divided into three categories. One is patriotic songs, such as Song of the Motherland, My Motherland, Mourning for the Motherland and Greater China. Second, lyric songs, such as Living in seclusion, Spring outing, Early Autumn, West Lake and Farewell; Third, philosophical songs, such as falling flowers, sad autumn, late bells and bright moons. Most of Li Shutong's songs have beautiful tunes and catchy lyrics, so they spread widely and have great influence. Li Shutong was the first person in China to introduce western painting knowledge and to hire nude models to teach. He edited woodcut prints with educator and writer Xia Mianzun. He is the earliest creator and advocate of modern printmaking art in China. He widely introduced western art schools and artistic ideas, and organized the Western Painting Research Association. His works include History of Western Art, Introduction to European Literature, Usage of Plaster Model, etc. , all set the first place in the study of Chinese people in the same period. He spared no effort to introduce the history of western art development and representative painters in school art class, which made China artists fully and systematically understand the grand view of world art for the first time. As an art educator, he taught in Zhejiang First Normal University with modern educational methods, and trained a number of famous painters and musicians such as Feng Zikai, Pan Tianshou, Liu Zhiping and Wu Mengfei. Li Shutong himself has made great achievements in western painting. He painted many sketches, gouache and oil paintings. Today, people can still see his charcoal sketch "Girl", watercolor "Camellia", oil painting "Naked Woman" and "Self-portrait". What's more commendable is that Li Shutong not only boldly introduced western art, but also attached great importance to China's traditional painting theory and techniques, and was especially good at combining western painting with China's traditional art. He cooperated with his disciple Feng Zikai in "Protecting Students", which was praised by the world for its combination of poetry and painting. Li Shutong's achievements in calligraphy attracted worldwide attention. His early calligraphy was born in Wei Bei, and his brushwork was open and clever. Later, it became a school of its own, diluting the wilderness and being gentle and clear. Especially after becoming a monk, his works are full of extraordinary tranquility and cloud crane-like indifference. This is gorgeous and extremely dull, quiet after the hero, childlike after aging, just as he himself confessed: "The words of rotten people are dull, quiet and escape-related commemoration (15)." Li Shutong's seal cutting is very unique. In his early years, he began to attack Zhejiang School from Qin and Han Dynasties. At the age of 35, he joined Xiling Printing Society. At the age of 39, before he became a monk at Tiger Run Dinghui Temple in Hangzhou, he gave his seal cutting works and Tibetan seals to Xiling Printing Society. The organization built a "seal tomb" for it and erected a monument to commemorate it. Governing Britain, appreciating Britain and evaluating India are hobbies that he has never given up in his life. In his letter to a friend, he said: "The flat-headed tip is flat, even like a cone, created by rotten people themselves. Tapered knives can only engrave white characters, such as writing with an iron pen. A flat-headed knife can engrave Zhu Wen, but it will inevitably be nicked. If you don't use a conical knife to carve Bai Wen, you will naturally be interested. " Li Shutong's contribution to Indian studies is also reflected in his promotion of modern seal cutting. He personally initiated the establishment of another printing agency, Xerox, after Xiling Printing Agency, and regularly collected works and arranged historical materials. This is also the first thing that leads the trend in the history of modern seal cutting. Li Shutong's poems also occupy a place in the history of modern literature in China. When he was young, he attracted the attention of the literary world with his talent. When he lived in Shanghai, he wrote down his previous poems by hand, which was circulated among friends of Chengnan Literature Society as the first poem "Poem Bell Collection", and later collected the poem Bell Collection. On the eve of becoming a monk, he compiled more than 20 poems from 26 to 33 years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1900- 1907). Among them, there are many commendable masterpieces, such as "Leaving the Motherland for Students" and "Mourning for the Dead", which show the author's deep concern for the fate of the country and the sufferings of people's livelihood. In the five or six years before becoming a monk, he also published more than 30 lyrics. These works express people's thoughts and feelings in the same situation in the metropolis through artistic means. They are all the rage, and some of them have become enduring masterpieces. Master Hongyi is also very interested in couplets and has a high level of appreciation and creation. Especially after becoming a monk, the master wrote many couplets for temples all over the country, which showed his fantastic ideas and profound artistic skills. In the process of propagating Buddhism and guiding lifelong Buddhism, he took the form of couplets as a clever means to persuade people to be good. The famous couplets written by him with profound contents and rich philosophies have now become valuable cultural and artistic wealth to warn future generations. Master Hongyi's contribution to Buddhism is mainly reflected in his research and promotion of Legalism. Master Hongyi is the law of revival.

Study, not afraid of difficulties, study deeply, concentrate on the subject, write books and practice. He is a highly respected master of legalism in modern Buddhism and a famous Buddhist monk at home and abroad. In the early days of Master Hongyi's entering Buddhism, besides reading the classics that must be read when becoming a monk, he also dabbled in a wide range. Besides, he used to be a man who did everything seriously and thoroughly unless he didn't do it. To be a monk, you have to make your own characteristics in Buddhism. In this regard, Lin Ziqing concluded: "Master Hongyi's Buddhist thought takes Hua Yan as a mirror and the quartering method as a line, and the result leads to pure land. In other words, he studied Hua Yan, practiced law popularization and believed in pure land law. He has a good knowledge of Hua Yan Jing translated by Jin and Tang Dynasties. He once wrote "Hua Yan Ji Lian 300", which shows his intentions. " Master Hongyi has been observing laws and disciplines all his life, and he is merciful. Before he was born, he always shook the cane chair to prevent the insects hidden in it from being trampled to death. On his deathbed, he asked his disciples to put four bowls of water on the cushion in the niche to prevent ants from climbing onto the corpse and being burned to death accidentally. His kindness is evident. There are four translation methods of Buddhist law in China, namely, the ten-reading method, the four-dividing method, the secret borrowing method and the five-dividing method. In order to carry forward the Dharma, Master Hongyi studied the Four Divisions and spent four years writing The Four Divisions, which is a book that records the military appearance of monks. This book and A Brief Introduction to Nanshan at Home written by him in his later years are two well-written masterpieces. Outside Li Shutong's "Farewell" pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is blue. The evening breeze blows the flute, and the sunset is beyond the mountain. The horizon, the horizon, intimate friends are half scattered. The welcome of turbid wine will make me happy, and I will bid farewell to Meng Han tonight. The tune of Farewell is selected from the American song Dreaming of Home and Mother written by John P. Odway. When Li Shutong was studying in Japan, the Japanese lyricist Tong Qiuxi wrote a lyric called "Sorrow of Travel" with the melody of dreaming of home and mother. Li Shutong's Farewell is based on Ningen's Sorrow of Travel. Farewell does not involve enlightenment, but it has a long meaning, and the combination of music and literature is perfect. Lyrics are written in long and short sentences, with concise language, sincere feelings and far-reaching artistic conception. The song is a trilogy structure, and each paragraph consists of two phrases. The first and third paragraphs are exactly the same, and the music is gentle and undulating, depicting pavilions, ancient roads, sunsets, flute sounds and other night scenes, setting off a quiet and cold atmosphere. In the second paragraph, the first phrase is in sharp contrast with before, and the mood becomes excited, which seems to be a deep sigh. The second sentence reproduces the second sentence of the first paragraph with a slight change, which appropriately expresses the feeling of parting from friends. These similar and even repetitive phrases do not give people the impression of being tedious and rambling in the song, but strengthen the integrity and unity of the work and give it a special aesthetic feeling. "Outside the pavilion, by the ancient road, the grass is green. The evening breeze blows the flute, and the setting sun is over the mountain ... "The faint flute blows out sadness, and the beautiful lyrics write farewell, which makes people have mixed feelings. The echo from beginning to end, the poet's feeling: he who sees through the world of mortals. This widely sung song is Li Shutong's masterpiece. Farewell-Behind the story when Li Shutong wrote the lyrics of Farewell, there was a touching story. When the master was a layman, one of the "five friends at the end of the world" was Xu; One winter, heavy snow fell, and old Shanghai was desolate at that time; Xu stood outside the door and shouted to Miss He, "Uncle and brother, my family is bankrupt. Let's meet again. " Say that finish, crying goodbye, even didn't go to a friend's house. Li Shutong looked at the distant back of her former friend and stood in the snow for a whole hour. Even Miss Ye screamed many times, but she didn't seem to hear it. Later, just visible back to the house, closed the door, and Miss Yuzryha played the piano. He wrote with tears: by the ancient road outside the pavilion, the grass is blue and the sky is blue ... when will you come here? Don't dawdle when you come. The word "don't" describes the feelings of parting between people, depicts the beautiful fate between people, and constructs the scenery of life. Between the lines of the lyrics, we also realize that everything in the world is impermanent. Flowers bloom and fall, life and death are impermanent, let alone parting! There is Zen in this beautiful sentence of Qing Ci, which is a vivid and touching picture. The works are full of immortal true feelings, touching myself and familiar strangers. Many of Master Hongyi's works also reflect the connotation and spirit of China culture from another angle. "When you hear it, everything disappears." Master Hongyi's works are full of philosophy of life, Zen, enlightenment, tranquility and elegance. The mage's words are like a cup of fragrant tea, light and pure, and the true taste is known in the light. From Li Shutong's works in different periods, we can see his pursuit of perfect life and his sense of responsibility to society. His last farewell poem, The Intersection of Sorrow and Joy, fully illustrates this fact. Li Shutong's life has three processes: self-awareness, self-transcendence and self-improvement. For his life, Zhao Puchu lay man has poems as evidence: he was deeply saddened by the appearance of La Traviata in his early years, and he got the wish to become an ascetic monk, offering endless treasures to the eyes of the world and a full moon shining on people's hearts. Li Shutong is an enlightenment pioneer in the history of modern songs in China. Li Shutong, who accepted the European music culture, brought some ready-made European song tunes and wrote his own lyrics. These songs are widely circulated throughout the country. The tune has a strong foreign flavor, and the lyrics have a strong ancient poetic rhyme. This is the original song, and it also announces the arrival of a new era. Li Shutong accomplished the historical mission of the enlightener with such songs. Li Shutong is not only the most outstanding author of "school songs" in China, but also the author who paid early attention to the inheritance of national traditional culture. 1905 Edited and published the Collection of Songs of Chinese Studies for school teaching, that is, selected 13 songs from The Book of Songs, Songs of the South and Ancient Poems, accompanied by western and Japanese tunes, together with the translated scores of two Kunqu operas. Among them, Song of the Motherland is a few school songs with China folk tunes as lyrics, which has aroused students' patriotic enthusiasm. Soon, he went to Japan to study western music, art and drama theory, with emphasis on piano. He once founded the first music magazine in China, and strongly advocated the social education function of music, that is, "thinking deeply about morality, promoting social soundness, cultivating temperament and feeling spiritual essence". At the same time, he also published "My Motherland", "Sui" and other music songs that are concerned about the country and the people. Li Shutong preserved more than 70 pieces of music and songs in his life. The music songs compiled inherit the fine tradition of Chinese classical poetry, and most of them are lyric works with scenery as the theme. The words filled out will always be beautiful, cadence, profound artistic conception and rich charm. In addition, he has a comprehensive knowledge of Chinese and western music culture, most of which are European and American pop songs. The melody is beautiful and moving, fresh and smooth, and the combination of lyrics and songs is appropriate and smooth, which brings out the best in each other and reaches a high artistic level. Therefore, his music works are widely loved by young students and intellectuals, such as Farewell, Memories of Childhood, Dream and West Lake. Farewell, in particular, has been successfully selected as an episode or theme song by the films Early February and Old Events in the South of the City.