The story of Peng Dehuai.
1. "No matter how many regiments there are, it's called Hundred Regiments War"
In the war room of the Eighth Route Army headquarters, a topographic map of Zhengtai Road is hung upright in the middle of the wall. Peng Dehuai, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Eighth Route Army, stood in front of the map and stared for a long time.
Zhengtai Road starts from Zhengding (Hebei) of Pinghan Road, passes through the merger, climbs the majestic Taihang Mountain, passes through Niangziguan natural barrier, enters Shanxi, goes west to Yuci to connect with Tongpu Railway, and reaches Taiyuan. With a total length of more than 24 kilometers, Zhengtai Road crosses the Taihang Mountains, connects Hebei Plain and Shanxi Plateau, and connects Pinghan and Tongpu second lines, which has important strategic significance. In order to "mop up" the base areas behind enemy lines in North China, the Japanese army built a "cage" to trap the Eighth Route Army with seven railway trunk lines, namely Zhengtai, Tongpu, Pinghan, Pingdan and Jiaoji, as vertical and horizontal supports.
Peng Dehuai measured it by hand on the map. I saw his fists hitting Zhengtai Road, and his eyes shone strangely. On the map in front of him, a campaign plan for a big attack has gradually shown a clear outline. He is determined to launch a general attack on the enemy's traffic lines and break the Japanese "cage" policy.
after consulting the heads of various military units, Peng Dehuai reported the plan of sabotage to the Central Military Commission. Immediately, the combat order was issued to the troops.
at 8: p.m. on August 2th, 194, various regiments launched an attack as scheduled, and commanders from all walks of life descended the mountain like tigers and quickly pounced on enemy-controlled strongholds-stations, bridges and bunkers. Gunfire, explosion and shouting shook the designated sections of traffic lines such as Zhengtai Road, Tongpu Road and Pinghan Road. Peng Dehuai didn't sleep a wink all night, waiting for news from the front.
at dawn on the 21st, Liu Bocheng, the teacher, first called: there were 4 fort Lulianke in Chen Geng, and they completely occupied Lujiazhuang Station in the southwest of Shouyang, destroying all the railways and bridges 1 miles west of the station. Subsequently, Nie Rongzhen, He Long and others also sent back a piece of good news to the headquarters.
after lunch on the 22nd, Wang Zhengzhu, the chief of operations, reported to Peng Dehuai and Zuo Quan the forces participating in the war, including 15 regiments. Wang Zhengzhu's voice just fell and Zuo Quan said, "Good! This is a hundred regiments battle, and the operations department should carefully check the exact number. " Peng Dehuai said: "No matter whether it is more than 1 regiments, it is called the Hundred Regiments War." Immediately with Zuo Quan, it was planned to send a telegram to all the troops and report it to the Central Military Commission, naming the campaign of sabotage as "Hundred Regiments War".
The Hundred Regiments War went through three stages, with 1824 battles of different sizes, which lasted for 15 days. 2,64 Japanese soldiers were killed and wounded, 5,155 puppet troops were killed, 281 Japanese soldiers were captured, and more than 18,4 puppet troops were killed. Destroy more than 3 miles of roads and 948 miles of railways; More than 26 bridges, stations and tunnels; Captured a large number of weapons and achieved brilliant results.
The victory of Hundred Regiments War enhanced the prestige of the * * * Producer Party and the Eighth Route Army, inspired people's hearts, strongly refuted the fallacy that "the * * * Producer Party was in the middle of the Anti-Japanese War and didn't strike", and also showed Peng Dehuai's courage and resourcefulness.
Second, Mao Zedong: "Send troops to aid Korea or you, Lao Peng, will be in command"
National Day Eve in p>195. Clusters of fireworks rose in Tiananmen Square, and the joyful crowd was immersed in the festival. At this moment, in the conference hall of Yiniantang in Zhongnanhai, Mao Zedong and the central leaders were discussing the situation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the issue of sending troops to North Korea in a tense and serious atmosphere. It was on this night that MacArthur, commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army", ordered the South Korean army to cross the "38th parallel" and attack northward.
at 4 o'clock in the afternoon on October 4th, a special plane arrived at Xijiao Airport, and Peng Dehuai quickly stepped down the gangway. The car carried him like lightning to Zhongnanhai.
Peng Dehuai entered the conference hall of Yinian Hall with Zhou Enlai. Mao Zedong was very happy when he saw Peng Dehuai's arrival. He immediately said, "You came at the right time. The US military has begun to cross the' March 8' line. Now we are discussing the issue of sending troops to North Korea. Please talk about your views." Peng Dehuai sat down, not in a hurry. After listening to several people's speeches, he knew that the Central Committee had different opinions on supporting North Korea. Mao Zedong finally said: "What you said is reasonable, but others are in a critical moment, and we stand by and watch. Anyway, our hearts are sad."
back at home, Peng Dehuai didn't sleep a wink all night, and Mao Zedong's last words always echoed in his ears.
The next morning, Deng Xiaoping was entrusted by Mao Zedong to invite Peng Dehuai to Zhongnanhai. Because Peng Dehuai didn't speak yesterday, Mao Zedong wanted to hear his opinion.
Peng Dehuai came to Mao Zedong's office, and they sat down on the sofa. Mao Zedong said, "Lao Peng, you didn't have time to speak yesterday. Tell me what you think." Peng Dehuai said: "President, I thought it over and over again last night and agreed with your decision to send troops to North Korea." Mao Zedong leaned forward and said, "Go ahead, go ahead." "It is necessary to send troops to aid Korea. If it is smashed, it will be equal to winning the war of liberation a few years later. However, if the US military is placed on the banks of the Yalu River and Taiwan Province, it can always find an excuse to launch a war of aggression, so it is better to fight early than to fight late. " As soon as Peng Dehuai's voice fell, Mao Zedong asked, "Look, who is the right one to send troops to aid Korea?" Peng Dehuai looked at Mao Zedong and asked, "Didn't the central authorities decide to send Lin Biao?" After talking about the situation in Lin Biao, Mao Zedong said, "I think you are still in charge of sending troops to aid Korea. You are not prepared mentally!" Peng Dehuai was silent for a moment and said firmly, "I obey the decision of the central authorities." Mao Zedong stood up and clasped Peng Dehuai's hand with both hands: "Well, Comrade Dwight, I thank you, and the people of China thank you. You are in danger, so I am relieved to have you."
On October 8th, Mao Zedong issued an order to appoint Peng Dehuai as the commander and political commissar of Chinese people's Volunteer Army. On October 19th, Peng Dehuai led the volunteers across the Yalu River. After two years of hard fighting, the United States was finally forced to sign the armistice agreement and won a great victory in resisting US aggression and aiding Korea.
III. Marshal's Furniture
Peng Dehuai's furniture has only four "treasures": a revolver, a red star medal, eight silver dollars and a pack of historical materials. When working in Zhongnanhai, Peng Dehuai kept them in the safe.
The revolver was a trophy seized from the Japanese devils during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, and Peng Dehuai always took it with him as a historical memorial. He fought fiercely in Taihang Mountain, defended Yan 'an, liberated the northwest and went to Korea to participate in the war, and never left him. That's his favorite thing.
The Red Star Medal was awarded to him by the Central People's Committee of the Chinese Soviet Union when he was in the Central Soviet Area, and it was also awarded in Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De. Referring to this medal, Peng Dehuai sincerely said: "This is not a personal honor, it records the revolutionary spirit of countless revolutionary soldiers who have devoted themselves heroically."
The eight silver dollars were the food scraps distributed to him during the Red Army period. He often earnestly said to the staff around him: "The food tail is the food cost saved. At that time, the life of cadres and soldiers was very hard, and they didn't have pocket money. They only had a few cents of food money every day. At that time, officers and men were equal, and with the food tail, they got a general share, which could be used to buy pocket money for daily necessities. I saved it with little money. "
The senior leaders of the People's Liberation Army will compete for every penny of food and save eight silver dollars, which is an excellent vivid teaching material for revolutionary patriotism in both wartime and peacetime.
That package of materials is a summary of Peng Dehuai's notebook and some mimeographed combat experience. One of them, The Revolutionary War in China, was an outline of his lecture at the Party School of Beifangju in October 1941. He has been wrapped in red cloth and carefully preserved it. On one occasion, he opened this package of materials, picked up "The Revolutionary War in China", turned a few pages and said to the guards, "Revolutionary experience is the most precious wealth. Unfortunately, these materials were not preserved in the past and were fed to mice. " As he spoke, he went to his desk and sat down. On the front page of this material, he wrote: "It has been chewed by rats a lot. Although this is the material, it is the actual material obtained from experience."
This senior leader of the People's Liberation Army and the Party does not love money or beautiful women. He persistently pursues the belief of * * * and maintains a lofty spirit, which is worth learning from every party member and young people.
after the Lushan meeting in p>1959, when Peng Dehuai left Zhongnanhai, he said emotionally, "I have kept these things for decades. They came from the people and should be returned to the people now." Then do it yourself, sort them out and wrap them one by one with infinite affection, and give all these four precious souvenirs to the party.
Four, in the Soviet Union, I bought two things with rubles
As a founding father, commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army and defense minister of the People's Republic of China, Peng Dehuai has the conditions to live a comfortable life. However, it is hard to understand that he still lives a frugal life close to poverty in a high position.
It was November 1957, when Marshal Peng Dehuai led a military friendly delegation from China to visit the Soviet Union. The Soviet side prepared some rubles for all the members of the delegation and their entourage, and gave them to individuals as pocket money.
Peng Dehuai was unwilling to accept it at that time, but it was not polite and friendly to refuse. Finally, after consideration, he accepted it. Some comrades in the suite bought a purple "Jill" bicycle produced by Lenin's factory with the ruble sent by the Soviet Union. Peng Dehuai praised the bicycle after seeing it, and was satisfied with the appearance and quality of the bicycle. He told the secretary and translator around him: "This bicycle is very good. Use my ruble to buy a bicycle like this, and take it back to China to be used by civil servants. There are too few public bicycles at home, which is really not enough. It's just right to buy a bike to take home. If there is any money left, you can buy another vacuum cleaner. It is very troublesome to clean the carpet in the office every time. It is much more convenient if you have a vacuum cleaner. " Soon the bicycle and vacuum cleaner were bought, and Peng Dehuai was very satisfied.
public interests aside, without seeking any personal gain for himself, Peng Dehuai maintained a frugal and incorruptible life style all his life, becoming a glorious model of the * * * party members and leaving precious spiritual wealth for future generations.
V. A group photo with only shadows
Among the eight nephews and daughters in Peng Dehuai, Peng Meikui, his second daughter, has done the most duty to Peng Dehuai, and Peng Meikui still has a sad photo. That's the only photo of Mei Kui's three children and her grandfather Peng Dehuai. However, unsuspecting people can't find the shadow of Peng Dehuai. What's going on?
One day, Mei Kui took three children to see her uncle. It was a fine day and the children wanted to take pictures. In front of the photo, Peng Dehuai stood in front of the stage, fiddling with this and that, and finally arranged the children to sit down, but he quietly walked away, but he couldn't bear to leave the children, so he hid behind the screen door and watched the children take a photo. On the photo left, Peng Zong left only a dark figure. Only by careful identification can we see his broad shoulders, huge body and standing face behind him. Afterwards, Mei Kui asked Uncle why he wanted to avoid it. Peng Dehuai said with deep affection, "Now my reputation is bad. I have told you several times not to come to see me, but you have to come. These children are still young, I hope they will grow up healthily, and don't affect them because of what I left them. "
Peng Meikui remembers how much his uncle cared for the children. When it was hot, whenever he knew that the children were going that day, he filled the basin with water and basked in the sun. When the children arrived, he took them into warm water to take a bath. Sometimes on public holidays, the children don't go occasionally. He waits and waits until the last bus has passed, and he is discontented and looking forward to the next weekend. Looking at the photo and recalling my uncle's affection, Mei Kui said, "Although my uncle left a vague figure in the photo, my uncle's love and hope for the children are deeply imprinted in the hearts of the children."