Unforgettable festival, remember 800 words of homesickness.
"The heart of awe is indispensable" was filmed in my hometown-Peitian Village, Fujian. The title "Fearless" is very good, which explains the characteristics of Peitian culture, a microcosm of China traditional culture.
When filming this documentary, the relevant departments of Longyan made a special trip to take me and Zheng Zhenman, a professor at Xiamen University, to take part in the filming. Why do you want me to take part in the filming of this film? I guess the director read my book "The Shadow in the Big House" or my blog related articles. I have a blog post "Brief Introduction to Peitian Traditional Culture" (published in Minxi Daily), which talks about the characteristics of Peitian's "traditional culture". The content is very consistent with "awe is indispensable".
"China's traditional culture is dominated by Confucian culture." Xunzi's Book of Rites said: "Three Books of Rites: the foundation of human life in heaven and earth; Ancestors are the foundation of human beings; It is also the foundation of the rule of monarch and minister. "Heaven and earth are nature, and China's traditional culture is a farming culture developed on the basis of agriculture. It is impossible not to worship heaven and earth. The reverence for ancestors expresses China people's worship for ancestors and the tenacity of clan kinship. Worship the' monarch teacher', the monarch is the embodiment of political power, and the teacher is the embodiment of ethics. The key is to worship the teacher-saint. These three articles reflect China's cultural characteristics dominated by Confucianism.
Peitian is a typical example of inheriting tradition and achieving three respects.
The ancestors of Peitian worshipped heaven and earth and consciously achieved the harmonious combination of man and nature. The site selection and construction of Peitian Village pay attention to "geomantic omen", in fact, it is to pay attention to "harmony between man and nature". The "Feng Shui Forest" in Houlongshan and the dense forests in the upper reaches of Heyuan River have created a good ecological environment for farming farmland. In the era of small-scale peasant economy, paying attention to ecology and the harmony between man and nature is the result of worshipping heaven and earth.
Peitian people respect their ancestors. In Peitian residential buildings, the most important and prominent is the' main hall' or the hall dedicated to ancestral tablets. The whole house layout must obey this point, thus forming an architectural style with the hall as the main body. The so-called "nine halls and eighteen wells" is to meet the needs of many sacrificial spaces in large families. The' hall' here refers to the main hall or the main hall, which is dedicated to the ancestors of the public, and the main hall of each wing is dedicated to the ancestors of each branch. The well is a patio, which provides lighting and ventilation for the hall.
The first thing Peitian people do when they get up in the morning is to burn incense for their ancestors, so the incense in the hall is constant all the year round. On holidays, if you kill a chicken and buy back a few catties of meat, you should sacrifice it on the God's table in the hall first, so that your ancestors can' taste' it first. Every year on New Year's Eve, portraits of ancestors are hung in the hall. If there are no portraits, they should be replaced by newly written red paper with the names of ancestors written on it.
Traditional "ancestor worship" and consanguinity have formed traditional residential buildings. It also formed clan society, patriarchal clan system and hierarchical relationship between the old and the young, which enabled the traditional small-scale peasant society to realize villagers' autonomy and management.
Mr. Xie Chongguang, a Hakka scholar, wrote in the book Hakka in West Fujian: Moral fashion:' The basic values of Hakkas are that everything is inferior, and only reading is high.' So is Peitian people. In fact, this kind of values is not only unique to Hakka people in western Fujian, but also one of the main traditions of our nation. Respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching' is one of the' Three Books of Rites'. Of course, the so-called "education" led by Confucianism includes not only "studying to be an official", but also so-called "cultivation, harmony, governance and equality" such as ethical enlightenment and moral cultivation. The traditional Confucian culture that lasted for thousands of years and its influence on China have always been a controversial topic among experts and scholars. Right and wrong are still inconclusive.
Peitian people have a long history of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching. In the history of Peitian, the economic conditions were good, the rich people enthusiastically donated education, and there was an incentive mechanism to encourage running schools, making Peitian a well-known' hometown of literature and ink'. Nanshan Academy is also famous.
Peitian, a "living fossil" and museum that retains China's traditional culture, has left people a lot of room for research and thinking. Some people say that Peitian is an endless book, and it is true. Why is Pei Tian so precious? Because it is not only a "big house", but also a "culture" and "history" and a veritable "historical and cultural village". ……"
In the documentary "Awe is indispensable", the above content has been well explained, supplemented and developed, and it is very clever to replace "respect" with "awe".
People should "fear". Especially the fear of heaven and earth (nature), the fear of ancestors and the fear of sages.
We once encouraged the spirit of "being fearless of heaven and earth", dared to "be enemies of heaven and earth", dared to "be lawless", "how bold people are, the land will yield more" and "cut down all the grain as the key link", which destroyed the ecological balance. Finally, we were retaliated by nature and realized that people should live in harmony with nature, and "harmony between man and nature" is the way we should choose.
In the past, we criticized the filial piety to ancestors and related moral standards as "self-cultivation" and praised "blood relationship and class division", which destroyed the values and moral concepts of one generation or even several generations and caused many social problems at present. Now we think that the biggest crisis is the corruption of human nature and the decline of morality;
We once said that "the more knowledge, the more reactionary", advocated "being a lout is proud", criticized "the dignity of teaching", criticized "academic authority" and "technical authority". Later, we tasted the bitter fruit. Later, we turned culture and education into an "industry", which caused new problems ... so far, it is still difficult to get on the right track.
Therefore, it is very timely and important for us to emphasize "awe is indispensable". It gives us a lot of inspiration and thinking space. For "traditional villages", it is very important to protect a big house, and it is also very important to excavate, protect and restore the fine traditions of our nation.
Unforgettable festivals, remember the living homesickness.