What symptom is flat foot?

Arch is an important structure of human foot. With an arch, the foot is elastic, but there is a kind of foot without an arch or with a small arch, that is flat feet. Flat feet can be congenital or acquired, and its harm lies in ankle joint deformation, plantar pain, inability to walk for a long time, bouncing and so on. So how to correct flat feet? How to judge flat feet? Let's look at the introduction first. What is flat feet?

Flat foot, also known as flat foot disease, refers to a deformity in which the arch of the foot is low or disappears, and the arch collapses when standing or walking, which is a common disease.

The harm of flat feet

1, will cause the deformation of the ankle joint.

2, it will cause heel pain, plantar fasciitis, compression of plantar blood vessels and nerves and numbness.

3. Patients with flat feet can't walk, run and bounce for a long time.

4. Morphologically speaking, flat feet are often accompanied by the overstretching of the knee joint, which will cause the leg muscles to protrude and thicken.

Etiology of flatfoot

Flat feet may be congenital or acquired. The arch of children's feet is often formed at the age of 4~6, and most children and adolescents are congenital flat feet.

Adult flatfoot can be a continuation of children's flatfoot, or it may be caused by other reasons. Symptomatic adult secondary flatfoot is called adult acquired flatfoot. There are many reasons for secondary arch collapse, such as joint degeneration, trauma, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathy, tumor, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and so on. In addition, acquired bad habits, such as long-term foot load, weight gain, ligament relaxation, muscle atrophy and improper wearing of shoes, may also lead to flat feet.

Types of flat feet

Clinically, according to the changes of the arch of the foot and the severity of the disease, the replacement of flat feet is preliminarily divided into three types:

1, light: arch reduction;

2. Medium: the arch of the foot disappears;

3. Weight: the arch of the foot disappears and the medial edge of the foot is more normal. Patients sometimes suffer from shortening of Achilles tendon and hallux valgus.

How to judge flat feet

1, stand and look straight.

When standing, observe whether the foot has an arch from the inside of the foot. Please pay attention to the arch observation when standing, because there is no load in the non-standing position, and the posture of flat feet often shows the arch or normal arch.

2. Footprint inspection method

On the dark floor or non-absorbent floor, mark the sole with water or white powder, observe the shape of the sole and understand the arch of the foot. Observing the footprint, it is likely that the oval defect on the inner side of the midfoot is less than 1/3 of the total area, and it is flat foot.

Correction method of flat foot

Early detection of flatfoot is very important. After discovery, we should actively check and treat it, make clear the cause, and prevent possible irreversible osteoarthropathy, not only for adults, but also for children and adolescents with flatfoot.

1, foot pad is a commonly used non-surgical treatment, which can relieve pain, support arch and improve the position of dislocated joints.

2. Shoes with hard soles can provide strong support for soles, while shoes with rocking chairs can reduce the stress on ankles when walking. For patients with ankle diseases, walking boots can be worn to relieve symptoms, but orthoses such as foot pads can not completely correct the abnormal position of talus and completely restore the normal arch of foot.

3. For severe deformity, if non-surgical treatment fails, corresponding surgery can be selected according to the type of lesion. A series of soft tissue and bone reconstruction operations can be performed to reconstruct the position of dental arch. In recent years, many subtalar joint stabilization operations have been carried out. By placing subtalar joint brake in tarsal canal, talus can be effectively restored and stabilized. The suitable age for children with flat feet treated with subtalar joint stabilizer is 6 ~ 12 years old. Since then, the shaping and transformation of the body can allow children to rebuild their arches, and even if the stabilizer is taken out, they can still keep their arches for life. The operation is simple, minimally invasive, with few complications, and the curative effect is exact and satisfactory.

4. For adult flatfoot patients with fixed foot deformity or joint diseases, subtalar joint stabilizer should be used in conjunction with other bone or soft tissue operations to achieve ideal results.

5, all flat feet can be functional exercise, such as writing on tiptoe, toe towel, lifting heel and external rotation. Postural and most spasmodic flatfeet can be corrected or improved by physical therapy, massage, strengthening muscle exercise inside and outside the foot and wearing orthopedic shoes or arch pad. However, it is suggested that patients who still can't achieve satisfactory results after the above exercises go to the hospital as soon as possible to determine the treatment plan, especially those who can't improve their flat feet in the early school age (7-9 years old). It is suggested that minimally invasive treatment should be carried out as soon as possible. If we don't correct the flat feet in the early school age, they will gradually develop into stiff flat feet in adulthood, which must be solved by complicated open surgery.

What shoes do you wear for flat feet?

1, people with mild flat feet, because the symptoms are not obvious, have little impact on their lives, so they can choose comfortable shoes. Note that the soles of shoes should be thicker and the heels should have a height of 1.5~2.0 cm, which can reduce the pressure on the arch.

2. Moderate and severe flat feet have serious symptoms, so you should wear special flat feet corrective shoes under the guidance of a doctor.

3, flat feet try not to wear high heels.

This can prevent flat feet from appearing during toddlers.

1, at the beginning of walking, children are advised to walk barefoot; In the early stage of learning to walk, it is suggested to wear hard-soled shoes to protect the arch and prevent the occurrence of flat feet. Many parents think that children should wear softer shoes to be comfortable, which is actually not conducive to the foot development of children in toddlerhood.

2. At ordinary times, you can consciously practice walking on the ground with the outer edge of the sole of your foot to avoid your feet being in a posture for a long time and prevent your feet from being tired. Proper running and jumping exercise is helpful to exercise foot muscles and reduce the burden of ligaments.

It should be reminded that children should not wear shoes with heels, especially girls should avoid imitating adults to wear high heels.