Sandstorms often occur in spring in northern my country. The formation of sandstorms is related to which weather system (cold front, warm front, cyclone, anticyclone)

Weather and climate are two completely different concepts.

Weather systems generally include frontal systems (cold fronts, warm fronts, quasi-stationary fronts, etc.) and air pressure systems (high pressure, low pressure, saddles, high-pressure ridges, low-pressure troughs, etc.).

The weather system that creates sandstorms is a cold front. A cold front is a front in which cold air masses actively move toward warm air masses.

In winter and spring, the temperature in higher latitudes in the hinterland of the continent is lower, forming cold high pressure, such as the Mongolian-Siberian High in Eurasia. Air masses with cold high-pressure centers moving toward low latitudes are cold air masses. Most of the source areas of cold air masses are desert distribution areas with arid climate and low surface vegetation coverage. The surface sand is easily transported by wind and becomes the source of sandstorms.

In winter and spring, the water vapor content in warm air masses is also low. When cold and warm air masses meet, it is difficult to form precipitation, thus forming sandstorms.

After a sandstorm occurs, the local temperature will drop. The reason is that the cold air mass controls the local area.