Many dynasties established and created glory in Chang'an, why did they all end in Luoyang?

China in ancient Chinese refers to the Luoyang generation in Henan at the earliest. ? Luoyang had already taken shape during the Xia and Shang Dynasties. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, Haojing experienced a major earthquake and robberies by dog ​​soldiers, and the entire Guanzhong was in ruins. So King Ping of Zhou moved his capital to Luoyang, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty began. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty was the first dynasty in Chinese history to establish its capital in Luoyang. ? After the fall of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, both the Qin and Western Han dynasties established their capital in Chang'an until the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu was originally from Nanyang County and was born in Chenliu County, both of which were around Luoyang. Most of the twenty-eight generals of Yuntai, where he started his career, were from Henan. Ancient Chinese people talked about returning home in rich clothes, so Liu Xiu established his capital in Luoyang.

Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty opened the Grand Canal, which increased the connection between Luoyang, Hebei and Jianghuai. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, the population in Chang'an expanded rapidly and there was not enough food to eat. The government therefore started the "South-to-North Grain Transport" - transporting grain from the Jianghuai River to Luoyang first, and then to Chang'an. Wu Zetian found it troublesome, so she simply worked in Luoyang for a long time. The Luoyang area developed rapidly, even surpassing Chang'an and becoming the real center of the Tang Dynasty.

In 755 AD, the Anshi Rebellion broke out. The rebels and the Tang army fought fiercely in Henan, poisoning the people, and Luoyang, which was once prosperous, began to decline. After the Anshi Rebellion, the Huaihe River and Hebei provinces formed separate vassal states, and the canal to Luoyang was gradually abandoned. Coupled with the economic collapse of Guandong in the late Tang Dynasty, Luoyang's former prosperity was gone forever.

Zhao Kuangyin, Taizu of the Song Dynasty after the Tang and Five Dynasties, began to want to make Luoyang the capital, but gave up because the city of Luoyang was too declining and could not transport grain. With the development of water transportation in Bianliang, Luoyang completely lost its value as a capital. It can be said that Luoyang's decline is due to being robbed of its limelight by one city, and this city is Kaifeng.

In fact, the history of Kaifeng city building is not much later than that of Luoyang. During the Warring States Period, King Hui of Wei once established his capital here. In the Tang Dynasty, with the decline of Luoyang, the city of Kaifeng gradually rose. Kaifeng is closer to the Jianghuai River than Luoyang, and the Tongji Canal and the Yellow River have become the main arteries connecting Jiangnan and the Jianghuai River. Kaifeng succeeded Luoyang and became the transportation center of the Central Plains. Therefore, most of the Five Dynasties and Northern Song Dynasties after the Tang Dynasty chose to establish their capitals here because of convenient transportation.