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Legends of Chinese New Year

According to legend: In ancient China, there was a monster called "Nian" with a sharp horn on its head and unusual ferocity. The "Nian" beast lived deep in the seabed all year round. Every New Year's Eve, people climb ashore to devour livestock and harm people's lives. Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people in villages and villages, with their young and old in tow, flee to the mountains to avoid the harm of "Nian".

On New Year’s Eve this year, all the elephant relatives were busy packing their things and fleeing to the mountains. At this time, a white-haired old man came from the east end of the village and told an old woman that as long as she let him stay at her house for one night, he would It can drive away the "year" beast. Everyone didn't believe it, so the old woman advised him to go up the mountain to escape. The old man insisted on staying. When everyone saw that they couldn't persuade him, they all went up the mountain to escape.

When the "Nian" beast was about to break into the village and wreak havoc like in previous years, suddenly the sound of loud firecrackers from the white-haired old man was heard. The "Nian" beast trembled all over and no longer dared to move forward. It turns out that the "Nian" beast is most afraid of the color red, fire and explosions. At this time, the door opened wide, and an old man wearing a red robe was seen laughing loudly in the courtyard. The "Nian" beast was frightened and fled in panic.

The next day, when people came to the village from the mountains, they found that the village was safe and sound. Then they suddenly realized that the old man with white hair was the god who helped everyone drive away the "Nian" beast. People also discovered that the old man with white hair was Three magic weapons for the old man to drive away the "Nian" beast. From then on, every New Year's Eve, every household posted red couplets and set off firecrackers. Every household was brightly lit to wait for the new year. This custom spreads more and more widely, and it has become the most solemn traditional festival among Chinese people, "New Year".

The legend of Yuanxiao Festival

After the death of Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, Liu Ying, the son of Empress Lu, ascended the throne as Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Hui was weak and indecisive by nature, and his power gradually fell into the hands of Empress Lu. After Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty died of illness, Empress Lu took over the affairs of the country and turned the Liu family into the Lu family. The senior officials in the court and the Liu family were deeply indignant, but they were all afraid of Empress Lu's cruelty and dared not speak out.

After Empress Lu died of illness, all the Lus were anxious and fearful of being hurt and excluded. So, they secretly gathered at the home of General Lu Lu to plot a rebellion in order to completely seize the Liu family.

This matter reached the ears of Liu Nang, the king of Qi, the Liu family. In order to protect the Liu family, Liu Nang decided to launch an army to attack Zhu Lu. Then he contacted the founding veterans Zhou Bo and Chen Ping, and designed to remove Lu Lu. , the "Zhu Lu Rebellion" was finally completely put down.

After the rebellion was over, the ministers supported Liu Bang’s second son Liu Heng to ascend the throne and became Emperor Wen of Han. Emperor Wen was deeply aware that peace and prosperity were hard-won, so he designated the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, the day when the "Zhu Lu Rebellion" was quelled, as a day to have fun with the people. Every house in the capital would decorate with lights and colors to celebrate. Since then, the fifteenth day of the first lunar month has become a popular folk festival - "Lantern Festival"

Luban built a stone bridge

According to legend, during the Yuan Dynasty, in the south of Zhaozhou (now Zhao County, Hebei Province) There is a stone bridge built by Lu Ban and it is very strong. After Lu Ban built the bridge, he boasted: "There is no other bridge that can compare in ancient and modern times." His words were heard by the local god named Zhang. So, Zhang Shenxian rode a donkey to the foot of the bridge, smiled and said to Lu Ban: "This bridge has strong stone pillars, but if I cross the bridge, can you guarantee that the bridge will not shake?" After saying that, he rode on the donkey and climbed onto the stone bridge. I saw the stone bridge shaking, as if it was about to collapse. Seeing this, Lu Ban hurriedly ran to the bridge and held up the stone bridge with his hands to make it as strong as ever. There are still traces of the head, tail and four legs of the donkey Zhang Shenxian rode on the bridge. This story was first seen in the "Huhai News Yi Jian Xu Zhi" written by the Yuan Dynasty. It was widely circulated after the Yuan Dynasty, and Zhang Shenxian also became Zhang Guolao. The story of Zhaozhou Bridge in the popular musical "Little Cowherd" comes from this. In fact, Zhaozhou Bridge was originally called Anji Bridge and was built by Li Chun, a craftsman of the Sui Dynasty. The bridge still spans the river today.

The origin of Tianjin

After Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ascended the throne, he made his sons kings and stationed them across the country. His fourth son, Zhu Di, was named King of Yan and was stationed in Peiping, which is now Beijing. After Zhu Yuanzhang died, the throne was passed to his eldest grandson Zhu Yun. In order to compete with Zhu Yun for the throne, Zhu Di launched the "Battle of Jingnan" in Chinese history. In 1399, King Zhu Di of Yan led his army southward and crossed the river from Sanchakou in Tianjin to capture Cangzhou. In 1402, he captured Nanjing, the capital of the Ming Dynasty at that time, and ascended to the throne of emperor. After Zhu Di ascended the throne, he admired the Sancha River Estuary that he passed through when he was fighting for the world. He thought it was a geomantic treasure and asked his officials to name it. Finally, Zhu Di chose the word "Tianjin", which means "the place where the emperor crossed over to Tianjin", from which Tianjin got its name. Soon, Zhu Di moved the capital to Beijing, and Tianjin became the gateway to the capital, and its military status became increasingly important.

In the second year of Yongle of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1404), guards were set up in Tianjin. "Wei" was a military organization of the Ming Dynasty. There were three guards in Tianjin, with more than 160,000 troops stationed. Therefore, people also called Tianjin Tianjin Wei. To build a city, you need to build a city, and the history of Tianjin as a complete city begins.

Li Bai seeks a teacher

In his later years, Li Bai was very frustrated politically. He traveled back and forth between Xuancheng, Nanling, Shexian (in Anhui Province), quarrying, etc. with a melancholy mood. There, he wrote poems, drank wine, and roamed famous mountains and rivers.

One morning, as usual, Li Bai was buying wine in a hotel on the streets of Shexian County. Suddenly he heard someone in the firewood store next door asking: "Old man, how can you pick a tree at such a young age?" There is so much firewood, where do you live?"

The answer was a hearty laugh. Then, I heard someone reciting a poem loudly:

"I sold out in the morning with a salary, and returned to the west after selling wine.

May I ask where I am from? Go through the clouds and enter the Cuiwei!"

Li Bai was surprised when he heard this. Who is this? He recited such a touching poem casually! He asked the bartender, and the bartender told him: This is an old man named Xu Xuanping. He hates the government, sees through the world, and lives in seclusion in the mountains, but no one knows which mountain he lives in. Recently, he often travels in this area. Every day at dawn, he is seen carrying firewood into the town, with flower ladles and bent bamboo sticks hanging on the firewood pole. After selling firewood, he would drink wine, and when he was drunk, he would recite poems. He would recite poems as he walked. People passing by thought he was crazy.

Li Bai thought to himself: Isn't this the same "poetic maniac" as himself? He immediately turned around and went out, and saw the old man getting on the small bridge on the street. Although his steps were difficult, Li Bai couldn't catch up no matter how hard he tried.

After catching up with the small bridge, passing through the bamboo forest, and bypassing the river branches (bifurcations of the river), Li Bai was so tired that he was panting, his back and legs ached. When he calmed down, he saw that the old man had disappeared. Li Bai paused and sighed, "Maybe I really met an immortal!"

He picked up his robe and hurried for another journey, but still didn't see the old man, so he had to come back disappointed.

That night, Li Bai couldn't sleep. He recalled that for most of his life, except for Du Fu, he had not made a few real poetry friends. I didn't expect to meet such a poetic fairy today. I can't miss the opportunity and must find him!

The next day, Li Bai waited at the entrance of the firewood store until sunset, but there was no sign of the old man.

On the third and fourth days, every day failed.

Early on the fifth day, Li Bai picked up the wine flask and set out on the road with dry food. He made the utmost determination that if he could not find the old man, he would die in the mountains and forests here.

I climbed over hills full of wild flowers, waded through rushing streams, and pushed through bushes of thorns. For more than a month, there was still no sign of the old man. Li Bai was a little discouraged. At this time, he recalled the mother-in-law he met when he was a boy, who used an iron pestle to grind needles. Her mother-in-law said it well: "As long as you have determination, an iron pestle can be ground into a needle." If you want to find the old man, it depends on whether you have perseverance. La. Thinking of this, Li Bai tightened his belt, gritted his teeth, and walked forward again. When you are tired, lie down on the rocks and sleep for a while; when you are hungry, pick a handful of wild fruits to satisfy your hunger; when you are addicted to alcohol, you will hold a wine flask and take a sip.

At dusk that day, the sunset dyed the sky red. The clear spring and green bamboo set off each other, making it look particularly beautiful. Li Bai was thinking about the old man so much that he didn't care to appreciate the scenery. He dragged his tired body and limped to the foot of Ziyang Mountain near Huangshan Mountain. Turning around the mountain pass, I saw a huge stone standing in front of me, with words seemingly engraved on it. Li Bai forgot about his fatigue, jumped forward, and recognized it carefully, oh, it turned out to be a poem:

"Living in seclusion for thirty years, building a house on the top of the southern mountain.

Playing with the bright moon in the quiet night, Drinking in the green spring in the morning.

The woodcutter is singing on the ridge, and the grain birds are playing in front of the rock.

I am so happy that I have forgotten the year of Jiazi. "

After reading it three times in a row, Li Bai lost his voice and exclaimed: "Wonderful! Wonderful! What a voice from an immortal!" He thought to himself: When you see the old man, you must bow to him three times and ask for advice. Although I have been dealing with poetry for decades, this poem that exudes the fragrance of wild flowers is really the first time I appreciate it.

He turned around and saw a pile of rice spread out on the flat ground beside the cliff. It seemed that it must have been dried by the old man Xu Xuanping. Li Bai simply squatted to the side, admiring the scenery in the mountains while waiting for the old man to harvest the grain.

It was getting dark, and Li Bai suddenly heard the sound of splashing water coming from down the mountain. Following the sound, he saw a small boat coming from the other side of the river at the foot of the mountain, and an old man with flowing beard and hair standing on the bow. Get a paddle.

Li Bai stepped forward and asked, "Old man, where is Xu Xuanping's home?"

It turned out that this old man was the old Xu Xuanping that Li Bai was looking for. Last time he saw Li Bai wearing a royal robe, He thought he was sent by the government to be an official again, so he never wanted to go to She County again. Unexpectedly, this person followed him. At this time, the old man glanced at Li Bai, pointed to the boat fence, and replied casually: "The bamboo pole at the door is Xu Weng's house!"

Li Bai raised his eyes to look at the lush mountains, and asked again : "There are green bamboos everywhere, where can I find them?"

The old man looked at the travel-worn and sweaty guest again, and asked: "You are..."

"I am Li Bai." He said, bowing deeply.

The old man was stunned: "Are you Li Bai? Li Bai is you?"

Li Bai quickly explained his purpose.

When the old man heard this, he cupped his hands and said, "Oh, you are today's Poet Immortal! I am nothing but a drop of water in the sea of ​​poetry. How come you, the ocean, come to ask for advice from a drop of water? You dare to do it, you don’t dare to do it!" After saying that, he picked up the boat and headed back.

Li Bai grabbed the old man's sleeve and begged: "Old man, it's been three months. I've been looking for you everywhere, and finally I saw the teacher. Are you going to send me back like this?" No! "

Li Bai's sincere words touched the old man's heart. The two looked at each other for a long time. The old man suddenly grabbed Li Bai and jumped into the boat.

From then on, whether in the morning glow or the afterglow of the setting sun, people often saw Li Bai and the old man sitting on the big bluestone by the stream, drinking and reciting poems. The loud laughter and the noise of the waterfall merge into one, and are sent hundreds of miles away along with the stream...

To this day, many tourists always like to follow the water when they arrive in Huangshan. Follow the gurgling stream to trace Li Bai's journey.

Did you see it? After passing Hutou Rock, under Mingxian Spring, there is a huge stone engraved with the word "Drunken Stone". Legend has it that Li Bai and the old man used to enjoy the mountain scenery here, drink wine and recite poems. They often use the spring water next to them to wash their wine glasses, so this spring is called the "cup-washing spring".

Jiang Lang’s talents are exhausted

There was a famous talented man named Jiang Yan in Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. He wrote many wonderful prose and poems throughout his life and was called "The Talented Man Jiang Lang".

Jiang Yan was from Kaocheng, Jiyang (now Lankao County, Henan Province), and he had been dependent on his mother since he was a child. Although his family was poor, with his own efforts, Jiang Yan was able to write good articles in his youth. Later, Jiang Yan's talent and reputation spread to Liu Jingsu, King Jianping of the Southern Song Dynasty. Liu Jingsu admired Jiang Yan's talent very much, so he wrote to Jiang Yan, hoping that Jiang Yan could become his subordinate. Later, Jiang Yan went to visit Liu Jingsu, and the two had a very good conversation. Soon, Liu Jingsu promoted Jiang Yan to be an official in Nanyanzhou. Unexpectedly, a county magistrate named Guo Yanwen committed a crime at this time. In order to absolve himself of the crime, he falsely accused Jiang Yan of accepting bribes from him. Jiang and Guo were arrested together in the prison of the state capital.

Jiang Yan felt that he had no guilt, so he wrote a long and sincere letter to Liu Jingsu in prison. The letter was generous and expressed his inner grievances. It was really a beautiful and exquisite letter. Good article. After reading the letter, Liu Jingsu was very moved and immediately sent someone to release Jiang Yan from prison. After he was released from prison, Jiang Yan passed the exam and became the first scholar in South Xuzhou. From then on, the talent Jiang Yan became even more famous.

After Xiao Daocheng destroyed the Song Dynasty and established Qi Dynasty, he asked Jiang Yan to be the historian responsible for writing history. Once, an ancient tomb was excavated in Xiangyang, and a jade mirror and some bamboo slips were unearthed. No one could understand the ancient characters engraved on the bamboo slips, so people showed them to Jiang Yan. Jiang Yan recognized at a glance that the bamboo slips were written about events during the reign of King Zhou Xuan. From then on, Jiang Yan's reputation spread widely. After Xiao Yan established the Liang Dynasty, he worshiped Jiang Yan as Guanglu doctor, the emperor's senior advisor, and was later named Liling Marquis and given a fiefdom.

After Jiang Yan became a high official, he lived a pampered life and was no longer willing to write articles. As time goes by, my talent diminishes, and sometimes I barely write something, but people find it very boring after reading it. Therefore, people said with regret: "The talent of Jiang Lang has been exhausted."

Mei Qi Hezi

Lin Bu lived in seclusion in Xiaogushan, West Lake, Hangzhou in his later years. Three hundred and sixty-five plum trees were planted on the mountain. Weeding, fertilizing and working hard every day. When the plums are ripe, groups of vendors come to buy his plums. He sells plums not by the pound but by the amount of plums per tree, and the valuation is fair.

Therefore, traders all like to buy his plums. He also prepared 365 bamboo tubes and put the money from each tree into separate bamboo tubes and numbered them. No matter there are guests or no guests or there are many guests or few guests. Live with the money of a bamboo tube of plums a day, never use an extra penny.

He also raised two white cranes. When the guests arrived, the gentleman would send a whistle, and the white crane would immediately fly over and stand in front of the gentleman. He put the money and the note in a bag, hung it on Baihe's neck, and asked Baihe to fly to the city to buy fish, meat, wine and food. When the merchants saw the white crane flying in and knew that the gentleman had a customer, they collected the money and paid for the goods specified in the note and handed the white crane back to him.

The Legend of Tieguanyin

In Anxi Xipingou Village, there is a beautiful fairy lake. A strange orchid grows on the cliff beside the lake, and there is a little girl picking tea and flowers. In order to pick a strange orchid, she fell down a hundred-foot cliff... From then on, the tea grown here has the fragrance of orchid. In order to express gratitude to this beautiful and kind girl, the local people made this tea. The tea planted was named "Iron Goddess of Mercy", "Iron" is homophonic to "Tea", and "Guanyin" symbolizes beauty. This legend has become a hymn that people in tea country can never finish singing!

The legend of Zhaozhou Bridge

Zhaozhou in ancient times is now Zhao County in Hebei Province. There are two stone bridges in Zhaozhou, one in the south of the city and one in the west of the city. The big stone bridge in the south of the city looks like a rainbow stretching over the river, magnificent and majestic. According to folklore, this big stone bridge was built by Lu Ban; the small stone bridge in the west of the city looks like a small white dragon floating on the water, vivid. Legend has it that this small stone bridge was built by Lu Ban's sister Lu Jiang. These two bridges are well repaired! "Little Cowherd" was performed on the stage, and there were also lyrics like: "Grandpa Lu Ban built the stone bridge in Zhaozhou, the jade railings were left by the sage, Zhang Guolao rode a donkey on the bridge, and Lord Chai's cart rolled over a ditch." It is sung here. The legend of Lu Ban repairing the Zhaozhou Bridge.

According to legend, Lu Ban and his sister traveled around the world and when they reached Zhaozhou, they were blocked by a vast white Mihe River. On the riverside, people pushing carts, carrying burdens, selling onions and garlic, riding horses to take exams, and pulling donkeys to meet, were noisy, vying to cross the river into the city. There were only two small boats swinging back and forth in the river, and they couldn't pass a few people in half a day. Lu Ban saw it and asked, "Why don't you build a bridge across the river?" People said, "The river is wide, deep, and the waves are strong. Who dares to build it? Even with a lantern, you can't find such a bridge." Skilled craftsman!" Lu Ban was moved after hearing this, and he discussed with his sister Lu Jiang to build two bridges for pedestrians.

Lu Ban said to his sister: "Let's build the big stone bridge first and then the small stone bridge!"

Lu Jiang said: "Okay!"

Lu Ban said; "Building a bridge is hard work, don't be afraid of hardship!"

Lu Jiang said: "Don't be afraid!"

Lu Ban said: "Just don't be afraid. You are stupid. My hands are clumsy, and I will be in trouble if I am afraid of hardship." This sentence made Lu Jiang unhappy. She said unconvinced: "Don't blame me for being clumsy. Now, let's practice separately. You will do the big one and I will do the small one. Let's have a competition with you.

Let's see who can do it. The faster you repair, the better you repair."

Lu Ban said: "Okay, let's race! When will the construction start and when will it be completed?"

Lu Jiang said: "Stars will appear after dark. , the rooster crows and the work is done at dawn." As soon as it was agreed, the brothers and sisters prepared separately.

Lu Ban strolled westward into the mountains calmly. When Lu Jiang arrived in the west of the city, he hurriedly took action. While she was repairing, she thought: Don't be too busy, I have to pull you down. Sure enough, before the third watch, the small stone bridge was repaired. Then she quietly ran to the south of the city to see how well her brother had cultivated. When I came to the south of the city, I saw that there was not even a bridge on the river. Luban is not by the river either. She thought to herself that her brother would definitely lose this time. But when I turned around, I saw a man driving a group of sheep on Taihang Mountain to the west, scampering down the mountain. When she got closer, she saw that it was her brother who was driving the sheep. They were not herds of sheep. They were clearly driven by stones as white as snowflakes and as smooth as jade. When these stones came to the river, they turned into various processed stones in the blink of an eye. There are square bridge foundation stones, rectangular bridge deck stones, crescent-shaped arch stones, and beautiful railings. Beautiful pillars, everything used on bridges. Lu Jiang was shocked when he saw it. Such a good stone must be so strong to build a bridge! In contrast, the one I made didn't work, and I needed to find a way to fix it quickly. It’s too late to rebuild, so just work on carving to surpass him! She quietly returned to the west of the city and started carving on the railings Pangu opening the sky, Dayu controlling the floods, and the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, Danfeng Chaoyang.

All the rare birds and animals, exotic flowers and plants are carved as if they were real. Carve it so that birds can spread their wings and fly, and carve it so that the fragrance of flowers fills your nostrils. When she was satisfied with the exquisite carvings, she ran to the south of the city to take a peek at Lu Ban. At first glance, I screamed in surprise. Why did the rainbow in the sky fall on the river? After calming down and taking a closer look, it turned out that my brother had built the bridge and only needed to install the last pillar on the bridge. Her uncle won the bet and made a joke with him. She ducked behind the willow tree, held her throat and stretched her neck, imitating a rooster's crow. Her crow caused the chickens in the nearby people's houses to crow. When Lu Ban heard the rooster crow, he quickly put the last pillar on the bridge, and the bridge was completed.

The two bridges, one large and one small, are both exquisite. Lu Ban's big stone bridge is majestic, sturdy and durable; Lu Jiangxiu's small stone bridge is exquisite, beautiful and gratifying. Zhaozhou built two bridges overnight, causing a sensation in nearby prefectures and counties the next day. Everyone saw it and everyone praised it. Skilled craftsmen come here to learn their crafts, and girls with skillful hands come here to draw patterns. The number of people who come to visit every day is like running water. This strange thing soon reached the ears of Zhang Guolao, the immortal of Pengcai Xiandao. Zhang Guolao didn't believe it. He thought how could Lu Ban have such a great ability! The envoy invited Prince Chai to go and see what happened. Zhang Guolao rode a little black donkey, and Lord Chai pushed a wheelbarrow. They came to the Zhaozhou Dasheng Bridge and happened to meet Lu Ban standing on the bridge, looking at the passers-by and smiling! Zhang Guolao asked Lu Ban: "Did you build this bridge?" Lu Ban said: "Yes, what's wrong?" Zhang Guolao pointed to the little black donkey and Lord Chai's wheelbarrow and said: "When we cross the bridge, will it be able to withstand it?" Lu Ban glanced at the two of them and said, "Big mules are better than big horses, gold chariots and silver chariots can pass, but you little donkeys can't cross with a broken chariot?" Zhang Guolao said Listening, I felt that his tone was too loud, so I used magic to gather the sun and the moon, and put them in the bag on the donkey's back, with the sun on the left and the moon on the right. Prince Chai also used magic to gather the famous Five Mountains and put them on the car. The two smiled slightly and drove the donkey onto the bridge with the cart. As soon as I got on the bridge, I saw the bridge flickering. Lu Ban hurriedly jumped under the bridge, raised his right hand to support the bridge body, and saved the bridge.

The two of them passed by. Zhang Guolao looked back at the bridge and said to Prince Chai, "It's no wonder that people praise it. This bridge built by Lu Ban is really unparalleled in the world." Prince Chai nodded in agreement and said to him. Lu Ban, who had just returned to the bridge, held out his thumb. Lu Ban looked at their backs and said in his heart: "These two people are not simple!"

Now, there are still people on the Zhaozhou Stone Bridge. There are still the hoof prints of Zhang Guolao's donkey and a ditch made by King Chai's cart. Anyone who goes to the Zhaozhou Stone Bridge can see that there used to be a big handprint of Lu Ban holding the bridge under the bridge, but now it cannot be seen clearly.

(Note: According to historical records, Zhaozhou Bridge was designed and built by Li Chun, a craftsman of the Sui Dynasty.)