The details of ants we see in our daily life.
Ant is a common insect, which is easy to identify. Generally, the body is small (0.5mm-3cm), with four colors of black, brown, yellow and red, and the body wall is elastic, smooth or hairy. Chewing, the palate is developed. The antenna is knee-shaped, with 4~ 13 nodes, long-handled nodes and 2~3 nodes at the end. The abdomen 1 or 1 and 2 are knotted. Winged or wingless. The front feet are comb-shaped with large spacing, which is a corner cleaner (used to clean tentacles). It is a polymorphic social insect. It is estimated that only about half of ants-there are about 1 1700 species-have been described. More extensive research on ant fauna is needed. There are common domestic ants. Ants are typical social insects, which have three elements of social insects, that is, individuals of the same species can cooperate with each other to take care of their larvae; There is a clear division of labor; At least two generations in the ant colony overlap, and future generations can take care of the previous generation for a period of time. Ant colony ants are definitely building experts. There are many compartments in the nest, and these compartments have their own uses. There is an ant in the desert, whose nest looks like a castle from a distance, 4.5 meters high. When those nests are abandoned, some animals will use them as their nests. Their 4.5 meters is equivalent to 4500 meters of human beings. Generally speaking, the center of the nest is for the queen, whose task is to eat, mate and have children. The ant nest is solid, safe and comfortable, and the roads extend in all directions. There is a circle of soil outside the ant nest. There are also some places where food is stored, which are ventilated and cool, warm in winter and cool in summer, and are not afraid that food will go bad easily.
Edit the shape characteristics of this paragraph.
ant
At present, there are 283 genera of 2 1 subfamily (using the main classification system of 16 subfamily, compared with the system of 2 1 subfamily, the new system divides several subfamilies from Formicidae subfamily). Generally small, with four colors of black, brown, yellow and red, the body wall is elastic, smooth or hairy. Chewing, the palate is developed. The antenna is knee-shaped, with 4~ 13 nodes, long-handled nodes and 2~3 nodes at the end. The abdomen 1 or 1 and 2 are knotted. Divided into winged or wingless. The front foot has a large spacing and is comb-shaped. It is a corner cleaner (used to clean tentacles). The shape of ants is divided into three parts: chest and abdomen, and has six legs. Ant eggs are about 0.5 mm long, irregular oval, milky white and worm-like translucent larvae. Worker ants are small, with a body length of about 2.8 mm and a brown body. Through careful observation, it is easy to find an ant. Both male and female ants are bulky. The abdomen is obese, the head and chest are brown, the first half of the abdomen is brown, and the second half is brown. Male ants are about 5.5 mm long. The female ant is about 6.2 mm in length. The common ants in indoor environment are Lao Wang ant and Xiao Huang Jia ant.
Edit the distribution scope of this paragraph
Ants are the most common insects on the earth and the largest number of insect species. Because all kinds of ants are social groups, they were called "ants" in ancient times. According to modern morphological classification, ants belong to bees. Ants can survive anywhere with their living conditions, and they are the most resistant creatures to natural disasters in the world. It is a polymorphic social insect. It is estimated that there are only about half of the ants-about 1 1700 species at present. More extensive research on ant fauna is needed. There are more than 600 kinds of ants in China. Ants belong to Arthropoda, Insecta, Hymenoptera and Formicidae. At present, there are three common ants in Chinese rooms: yellow ant, big-headed ant and Rochelle ant.
Edit this life
Mayi housing
Ants generally nest underground, and the scale of underground nests is very large. There are good drainage and ventilation measures. General worker ants are responsible for nesting. The entrance and exit are mostly a small arched mound with a hole in the middle like a volcano. Secondly, there are ventilation holes. Every room in the nest has a clear classification. They also like wet and warm soil. They usually live in arid areas, but it is little known that they can barely survive in water for two weeks.
Ant life span
Ants live a long life. Worker ants can live for a few weeks to 3-7 years, while queens can live for more than ten years or decades, or even more than 50 years. An ant nest can grow in 1 place 1- 10 years.
Species and division of labor of ants
Ants develop into completely mutated forms. All ants live in social groups. Generally speaking, there are four different kinds of ants in a group. 1. Queen ant: The female with reproductive ability, or female ant, or queen ant, is the largest in the colony, especially with large abdomen, developed reproductive organs, short antennae, small chest and feet, wings, wings falling off or no wings. The main responsibility is to lay eggs, breed offspring and manage this big family. 2. Male ant: or father ant. Small head, undeveloped upper jaw and slender tentacles. It has developed reproductive organs and external genitalia, and its main function is to mate with the queen ant. 3. Worker ants: capable ants. Wingless, undeveloped female, usually the smallest individual in the group, but the largest number. The compound eye is very small, and the monocle is very small or not. The maxilla, antennae and three pairs of pectoral feet are well developed and good at walking. Worker ants are infertile. The main duties of worker ants are to build and expand nests, collect food and feed larvae and queens. 4. Soldier ant: "Soldier ant" is a common name of some ant species, and it is a female ant without reproductive ability. With a big head and a well-developed upper jaw, it can crush hard food and become a sharp weapon in fighting when defending groups. Ants set up groups, but also through marriage and flying to know the beginning. Love at first sight after acquaintance, mating in flight or after flight. The groom won't live long. soldier ant
The ants died soon after mating, leaving the "widow" queen ant to live a lonely life alone. The queen ant takes off her wings and chooses suitable soil and place to nest underground. She is "fighting alone" and her strength is limited. She can only temporarily build a small room as a place to live, so that her pregnant body has a delivery room. After the eggs in the body mature and produce, the larvae hatch and the queen ant is busy. Every young ant is fed food from her mouth until these young ants grow into adults and can live independently. When the first workers grow up, they dig holes to the outside world to find food, and then expand the building area of their nests to provide housing for more and more family members. From then on, the queen ant who had suffered a lot sat down to enjoy life and became the commander-in-chief of this big family. The work of raising young ants and feeding queens is undertaken by worker ants. But the queen will continue to lay eggs to breed everyone's ants.
Family. There are many forms of ant nests, most of which nest in underground soil, dig tunnels, secret rooms and houses, and pile up excavated materials and leaves near the entrance to form hills for protection. Some ants use leaves, stems and petioles of plants. Build nests and hang them on trees or rocks. Other ants live in rotten wood in forest areas. More specifically, some ants nest in or near other kinds of ant nests; There is no dispute between the two "families" and they can live in harmony. This kind of ant nest is called mixed ant nest, but it is actually heterogeneous. No matter different ants or ants of the same species, the number of ants in a nest can be very different. The smallest ant colony has only a few dozen or nearly a hundred ants, and some have thousands, while the big ant colony can have tens of thousands or more. In the broad-leaved forest in the south of China, there is also a kind of jumping-tailed ant. As the name implies, its tail has a pincer that often tilts up, ready to attack. He has a strange temper and often deals with trees. It likes to build a nest the size of a football on the tree with sapropel and old bark chewed from the tree, and then mix it with sticky juice from its mouth. The nest is divided into many layers. Male ants, queen ants and worker ants live in it respectively. Children are born in the nest and become an "independent kingdom". At first, there was a tree and a bird's nest. When the ant colony is too big and a new queen is born, the new queen leads some worker ants to build new homes. Sometimes there will be fierce territorial battles. In order to catch other insects on the tree for food, it can run on the branches and leaves of the crown with slender and powerful feet. If two trees are close together, they can skillfully bite the combined ants and avoid a long journey.
The hind feet hang down, are floated by the wind, are shaken to another tree, and build an "ant rope bridge". In order to connect the road between two trees for a long time, the worker ants who undertake the task of bridging can be changed constantly. All the food on the tree was caught. They got off the tree in droves and rushed to catch small animals on the ground. Once the prey is caught, the jumping-tailed ant will inject anesthetic solution with claw needle to make the prey unconscious, and then pull and pull, even a mantis or earthworm weighing more than 100 times can be easily dragged back to the nest by them. The feeding habits of ants vary greatly among different subfamilies and different species. Generally, it can be divided into carnivorous, phytophagous and omnivorous. Ants work hard most of the year. So where do they go to feed in the cold winter? How do they spend the winter? It turns out that smart ants are prepared before winter comes. They first carry weed seeds so that they can sow next year; At the same time, ants are moved to transport aphids, scale insects, horned cicadas and gray butterfly larvae to their nests for the winter, and absorb excrement from these insects as food (milk honey). Why do ants know that winter is coming? From the perspective of modern science, this instinct of ants is controlled by their annual biological clock, in other words, they make good food reserves during the winter according to the operation law of the annual biological clock. The creatures formed by interaction with ants have reached an amazing level. There are more than 52 families, 465 species of plants, thousands of animals, and a large number of unknown fungi and microorganisms. Ants are using extraordinary survival strategies-planting fungi, harvesting seeds, grazing honey-producing insects, nesting, cooperative predation, social parasitism and slavery-which greatly stimulated the curiosity of scientists and the public. Microscopic photos of ants
The secret that ants can live in every corner of the world is that they live in a very organized group. They build nests together so that their eggs and offspring can grow safely in them. There are different kinds of ants, and each has its own special responsibilities. When the queen lays eggs, most of the eggs will develop into females. They are called worker ants. They are responsible for building and defending nests, taking care of queens, eggs and larvae and looking for food. At a certain time, males and new queens will be born. They have wings and fly out of their nests in groups. After mating, the male ants die, and the new queen ants begin to live the life of another group. The queen ant is the most important member of the ant colony. It is the only one who can lay eggs. This means that it is the mother of all ants in this group. Worker ants feed it, clean its body and take its eggs to another place to take care of it. Some Australian ants use their worker ants as a living storage box. When worker ants collect a large amount of nectar, a sweet liquid from flowers, and swallow it into their bodies, and their bodies become swollen, they will hang themselves from the ceiling of their nests until other ants need to eat the nectar stored in their bodies. The soldier ants are foraging in the woodland. In order to find food, they sometimes line up in woodland. They are always hungry, so they will attack almost anything, sometimes even large mammals. Different ants eat different foods. Harvest ants eat seeds. They collect seeds in the cellar. Leaf-cutting ants eat mushrooms. They take leaves underground to cultivate mushrooms. Some ants store insects called aphids, and they extract a sugary substance from aphids as food, which is very similar to the way humans milk cows. According to scientists' research, ants lack sugar in caves, which is very unfavorable for their growth and development. In order to find enough sugar, once ants find something sweet, their tentacles will harden independently, which is the nature of ants. Ants are very social insects and communicate with each other through pheromones emitted by their bodies. When ants find food, they will spread pheromones on the food, and other ants will instinctively drag things with pheromones back to their holes. When an ant dies, its pheromone still exists. When other ants pass by, they will be attracted by pheromones, but dead ants will not communicate with each other (touch their tentacles) like live ants, so their bodies with pheromones will be taken back by their companions as food. Usually, such corpses are not eaten as food, because apart from pheromones, each nest of ants has its own specific smell, and things with the same smell will not be attacked, which is the basis for good cooperation with ants in the same nest. In the process of marching, ants secrete a pheromone to guide the ants behind them to take the same route. If we cross the ant's marching team with our hands and interfere with the pheromones of ants, ants will lose their sense of direction and crawl around. So let's not disturb them casually. Microscopic photos of ants
Ants are typical social insects, which have three elements of social insects, that is, individuals of the same species can cooperate with each other to take care of their larvae; Have a clear division of labor system; And future generations can take care of the previous generation for a while. In addition, it should be pointed out that "termites" are not ants, and termites are very different from ants in physiological structure except for their different social life habits. Biological behavior refers to the adaptive activities that organisms can perceive from the outside. Behaviorism is the study of these activities. Morphology and behavior were first noticed by people, but it was not until the19th century that people obtained the theoretical weapons and experimental means for the study of biological behavior. The theory of evolution has raised the behavior of animals to an adaptive level. At present, the classification of biological behavior is very confusing. From the perspective of heredity and development, it is generally divided into innate behavior and acquired behavior, namely instinctive behavior and learning behavior. However, this classification method is not commonly used, and people generally classify according to the function of behavior. Unfortunately, this classification method is not strict, and there are a lot of overlapping areas.
Edit the power of ants in this paragraph.
Why are ants many times stronger than themselves? Ants are small animals in the animal kingdom, but they have great strength. If you weigh the ant and the things it carries, you will be very surprised! The weight it lifts is almost 100 times its own weight. No one in the world has ever been able to lift anything more than three times his own weight. In this sense, ants are much more powerful than people. Where does the strength of this Hercules come from? It seems that this seems to be an interesting mystery. After a lot of experimental research, scientists finally debunked this "mystery". It turns out that the muscle in the ant's paw is a very efficient "prime Mover", which is several times more efficient than the aero-engine, so it can generate considerable power. We know that any engine needs a certain amount of fuel, such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene or other heavy oil. However, the "muscle engine" is provided by a special fuel. This "fuel" does not burn, but it can also release hidden energy and convert it into mechanical energy. Without combustion, there will be no heat loss, and the efficiency will naturally be greatly improved. Chemists already know the composition of this special "fuel", which is a very complex phosphorus compound. In other words, in the claws of ants, there are billions of tiny motors as power. This discovery aroused scientists' strong desire to make an artificial muscle engine. From the development point of view, if powerful and dexterous automation equipment like ant claw is used in technology, it will cause fundamental changes in technology, and then the emergence of elevators, cranes and other machines will be completely new. At present, the cranes we use generally work by motors, but the efficiency of doing work is far from that of ants. Why? Because thermal power generation relies on burning coal to turn water into steam, and steam drives the impeller and drives the generator to generate electricity. In this process, chemical energy is converted into heat energy, heat energy into mechanical energy, and mechanical energy into electrical energy. In these processes, part of the heat energy generated by combustion runs away in vain, and part of it is consumed by overcoming the friction generated by mechanical rotation, so the efficiency of this engine is very low, only 30 ~ 40%. Ant "engine" uses special "fuel" in muscle to directly convert it into electric energy, with little loss, so it has high efficiency. Inspired by the ant "engine", people made a fuel cell, which directly converted chemical energy into electrical energy. This battery uses fuel for redox reaction to generate electricity directly. It has no combustion process, so the efficiency is very high, reaching 70 ~ 90%.
Edit this paragraph. Ants don't get lost.
Ants are social insects, living in groups and having their own homes. Most ants' homes are underground, where they can't easily find rich food. When the weather is sunny and warm, we often see swarms of ants crawling on the ground. If you look carefully, or if you sprinkle some bread crumbs in front of it, you will see that when they reach the food place, they begin to carry the delicious food you prepared for them. If one ant can't move, two, three or more ants will come up and move together. When they get food, they will not only satisfy their hunger, but also climb back to their homes in an orderly way along their own routes and drag the food back to the storage room for a delicious meal in the future. If there is no accident on the way, you can generally return home safely. Can ants find their way? Won't they get lost? According to experiments, ants not only have extremely keen vision, but also rely on their sense of smell to tell the way home. You can try if you don't believe me. On their way to feed, you draw some lines with your fingers to see if they can go home smoothly along the way.
Medicinal value of ants: ① For people with rheumatic bone pain, it can prevent and treat rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, scapulohumeral periarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, hemiplegia, cervical spondylosis, sciatica, bone pain and osteonecrosis; ② Protecting liver, preventing and treating hepatitis B, fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and cholecystitis. (3) relieving cough and asthma, preventing and treating asthma, cough, acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, chronic pharyngitis, emphysema, cor pulmonale, tuberculosis, whooping cough and other lung spleen deficiency diseases; (4) tonifying kidney, strengthening body constitution, nourishing yin and strengthening yang, replenishing essence and consolidating marrow, enhancing sexual function, and preventing and treating impotence, nocturnal emission, prostatitis, female frigidity, irregular menstruation, cold uterus, puerperal wind and postpartum hypogalactia; ⑤ Balance nutrition, regulate the body, regulate immunity in two directions, prevent cancer and delay aging; ⑥ Regulate blood pressure, soften blood vessels, and prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure, numbness of hands and feet, premonition of stroke, chest distress, chest pain, arrhythmia, etc. ⑦ tonify qi and blood, improve endurance and fatigue, and improve palpitation, shortness of breath, dizziness, tinnitus, syncope, sallow and emaciated, limb weakness, etc. 8 hemorrhoids and constipation; Pet-name ruby lupus erythematosus, alopecia after illness, baldness.
Ant legend
origin
At that time, it lived next to dinosaurs. Ant is a very ancient insect, its origin can be traced back to 1 100 million years ago, about the same age as dinosaurs. Ants are not only common, but also various. At present, there are about 9000 known ants in the world. It is estimated that all species should have 12000- 15000, and there are at least 600 species in China. There are written records about ants in ancient China, and there are also words such as ephemera, ant, ant-beating and flying ant in Erya written in the early Han Dynasty, but some of the ants mentioned here are mixed with termites. According to textual research, it was not until Er Ya Yi by Luo Yuan in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 174) that ants and termites were really described separately. Huainanzi, written around 123 BC, recorded the life history of ants. Later, ancient documents such as Youyang Miscellanies, Taiping Magnolia, Liushougu and Compendium of Materia Medica recorded the ancient people's observation and understanding of ants.
Ants change history
Ant control
Ants are very sensitive to temperature, and most of them are active in hot weather. They like sweets, such as cakes, honey, maltose, brown sugar, eggs, stones, skins, dead insects and so on. They can tell the direction and act quickly. If individual worker ants die, their bodies will be transported back to the nest. But they are not hungry. Without food and water, after four days and four nights, half of them will die. Experts suggest that household ants can be flooded with boiling water first, and then put into the ditch with washing powder for plugging. It can also be used as a spray to kill cockroaches and mosquitoes. These drugs have the efficacy of killing little red ants. But the little red ant is a semi-social insect, and the general spray can only kill the workers who leave the nest. The queen and the queen are still breeding wildly in the nest. An ant queen can give birth to 600 small ants every second, so it is ideal for the whole building to take collective action to kill ants. The best way is to choose bait with good palatability and no repellent effect on ants. After the worker ants bring the bait back, they can poison the queen, the larvae in the queen's nest and destroy the whole nest. Use the characteristics of ants to destroy them: ants are mostly in kitchens with greasy food, so you can use this characteristic to destroy them. Before going to bed at night, remove all the food where the ants can't go, then put a piece of fat pork on the ground and prepare a thermos of boiling water. The next morning, the ants gathered on the fat and ate soundly. Don't scare the ants away, just scald them to death with boiling water. This can be applied several times. ■ Species of indoor ants and their control methods. The harm of indoor ants to home is often overlooked. After investigation, indoor ants mainly include yellow ants, big-headed ants, stone ants, smelly ants, etc., and often nest in roadside, corners and cracks in walls. The main ways of harm are stealing food, biting people and spreading bacteria. According to the characteristics of its activities, some physical and chemical methods can be used to prevent it, such as blocking the activity route and blocking the nest. With the rapid development of urban construction in China, the living environment of ants has changed greatly, and they gradually adapt to the urban environment with dense buildings and dense population, and often invade indoor foraging and nesting. Because indoor ants can pollute food, destroy buildings, spread bacteria and bite people, which will do some harm to human life. In order to better prevent and control this kind of harm, we must understand the species and habits of indoor ants, and then put forward some effective methods according to the specific situation. ■ Materials and Methods: According to the investigation and statistics of common household pests, there are mainly four kinds of ants, namely, small yellow ant, big head ant, Rockwell ant and smelly ant. Through the analysis of the characteristics of these four ants, although they are far less harmful than cockroaches and flies, they are still hidden dangers at home. Therefore, according to the characteristics of digging holes and leaving special chemical odor on the moving path, the following methods can be adopted to remove them: 1. Wipe it off with a wet cloth: if one or more rows of ants are found moving, wipe it off with a wet cloth and put it in a basin filled with washing powder water to drown; 2. Washing powder ditch barrier: Because ants will drown as soon as they enter the washing powder water, this method can be used to protect a certain area; 3. Flooding: that is, watering makes the ant nest flooded, which is more suitable for ants to nest in flowerpots. 4. Chemical control: Dust: Inhaled dust such as silicic acid (silica) powder is usually used to make ants die of lack of water; 5. Fenvalerate silicate powder mixture: this method is an improvement on the previous method, which can shorten the killing time, but fenvalerate or dust should be avoided from being inhaled indoors; Spraying chemicals around the nest mouth and on the ant path can directly contact and kill ants. This method is easy to cause environmental pollution and resistance. Commonly used pesticides are: spraying more than 90% trichlorfon stock solution 500- 1000 times; 50% DDVP EC or 80% DDVP EC 1000- 1500 times, 2000-3000 times; 0. 1% pyrethroid kerosene solvent spray, etc. These methods are effective and quick, but they are not thorough, difficult to eradicate and easy to cause environmental pollution and drug resistance. 6. Poison bait: Poison bait is a mixture of chemicals and food bait that ants like to eat. According to the mating behavior of ants, as long as a worker ant does not die in a short time, causing other individuals to die, it can bring poison bait into the nest. Generally, the time of death is within seven days, but the ant pupae don't eat, so they may survive, which leads to incomplete ant control. 7. Juvenile hormone analogue bait: that is, juvenile hormone analogues, such as floxuridine, are added to the bait. Methoxyprene, etc. The concentration of hormone is generally 0.6% ~ 1.5% of the weight of feed. At present, it is being developed to add synergist to juvenile hormone analogues to make this method more perfect. After the eggshell is ground into powder by burning coke, it can be scattered in the corner or near the ant nest to kill ants. There are ants in the closet. You can put some vegetables such as parsley and celery to drive away the ants. Put some walnut leaves, tobacco and peppers in places where ants often haunt, which can drive away ants. Rubber strip 1 Cut from the scrapped bicycle ring into a length of about 1 cm, and nail it to the door frame and window frame between the glass window and the screen window with spikes and pins. No red ants have entered the house since rubber strip was nailed. Although rubber strip can not completely eliminate red ants, it can effectively avoid the invasion of red ants. Let's have a try. 2 Egg shell powder ant killing method Use a few egg shells, put them on the stove and bake them yellow (don't burn them), then roll them into powder and scatter them around the ant nest and its frequented places. Because this powder has a fragrance, ants especially like to eat it. If they eat too much, they will suffocate. After a few days, you can see that there are many dead ants on the ground. If you often put some, there will be no ants. I heard that putting pepper in places where ants are infested can drive away ants! However, they cannot be completely eliminated. 4. The sharp soldiers on the ground-ants are actually not pure bad bugs, and some ants are very beneficial to human beings. For example, they improve the soil, pollinate and prey on pests ... However, when they go home, this becomes a problem-for example, they love sweets, and you may be attacked by ants on bananas or cakes as soon as you turn around. There are also small yellow ants, who love to commit crimes indoors and may also carry pathogenic bacteria and spread diseases. Practice: indoor nesting is widely distributed, and nesting sites are changeable, especially in the early stage of nesting, and you will not find it until it is very large. Hotbed: in the cement seam of kitchen and balcony, behind the ceramic tile, near the flowerpot. Extinction tactics: 1. Wipe the ants with a damp cloth. 2. Wash in water with washing powder. 3. You can also control worker ants by spraying various pesticides, or trap and kill ant colonies with poison bait. 4. Lemon citronella essential oil is especially effective for ants. 5.ants are afraid of charcoal. It's the kind of black charcoal burned from wood, you know? Just draw a few lines beside it. 1. As long as you add a few chopped leeks to the sugar pot, you can prevent ants. 2. Fill some unnecessary perfume water in a bottle and put it on the floor next to the water dispenser, so that there will be no ants around the water dispenser. 3. Bake the eggshell with fire until the surface is a little burnt (not all burnt), mash the eggshell, put it in a plastic cover, and then put the plastic cover under the foot of the table. 4. Scatter talcum powder (prickly heat powder) where the ants walk, and they can't be seen every few days. 5. Ants are afraid of the smell of rubber bands. Just tie the rubber band to the foot of the table or the jar. 6. There are ants in the closet. You can put some scented vegetables such as coriander and celery to drive away ants. 7. After diluted with washing powder, apply it directly on the route where ants often go out, dry it naturally, and don't wipe it clean with water. 8. Add a few drops of lavender essential oil to the water that mops the floor, and the ants at home will disappear. 9. Grinding mothballs into powder and scattering them in places frequented by ants has a good effect.