How to choose a house

Buying a house is the top priority in life. It is not as simple as going to a convenience store to buy bread. If you really decide to buy a house, do you know how to choose a good house? When you go to see a house, do you know where you should look?

1. Surrounding environment

When buying a house, you are not only buying the interior, but also its surrounding environment. The so-called surrounding environment actually refers to the location of the house to a large extent. Li Ka-shing, the richest man in China, once said: The first factor that determines the value of real estate is location, the second is location, and the third is location. Why is a house of the same size more expensive in the city center than in the suburbs? This is because a good location not only maintains its value but also appreciates in value. There are many factors that affect the quality of a location, such as transportation, supporting facilities, etc. It can be said that the surrounding environment determines the quality of the location. So the first thing to consider when looking at a house is its surrounding environment.

What specifically does the surrounding environment include? Mainly traffic, noise, supporting facilities, public security, property, etc. First of all, when looking at a house, you need to check the traffic around it, whether it is close to a subway station, a bus station or a highway. This determines your travel cost and convenience. Don’t underestimate the convenience of travel. You don’t know what you can do. How much time and expense wasted on the road can be saved. Of course, the farther away from the city center, the longer the journey, and the cheaper the house price.

The second aspect to pay attention to is noise. Home is a place for rest and enjoyment. It is a personal and private space. It needs absolute silence and not to be disturbed. Therefore, when looking at a house, you must pay attention to the surroundings of the house. If there is a construction site, factory, or near a road, train track, etc., if necessary, you can bring a noise decibel tester or software to see the house. Generally speaking, a noise level of 30 to 40 decibels is a relatively quiet normal environment; if it exceeds 50 decibels will affect sleep and rest.

The next thing to consider is the related supporting facilities. Since the house is the place where you will live for a long time in the future, you must pay attention to the supporting facilities around the house. The supporting facilities generally include infrastructure and Public facilities and infrastructure include water supply, power supply, heating, gas, communications, television systems, roads, greening and other facilities that are compatible with the construction of the community where the home is purchased. This part is closely related to the property. In addition to consulting real estate developers, the best way is to ask the owners of the community to see how they evaluate the properties. By the way, you can also ask the security guards about the public security nearby. The information obtained in this way must be better than consulting the real estate developers. Business is much more objective and real.

Public facilities include parking facilities, entertainment facilities and various public buildings such as education, commerce, and restaurants that are compatible with the construction of the community where the house is purchased. As a long-term living place, in addition to shopping malls, wet markets, supermarkets, convenience stores, restaurants, and barber shops, there are also related facilities that need to be considered based on the differences of each family. For example, when children reach school age, they must consider schools. If you live with elderly patients, you need to consider hospital issues. Many houses are surrounded by cemeteries or sewage treatment plants, and how the surrounding greening is. These are all issues that need to be paid attention to in advance.

2. Self-condition

After talking about the external surrounding environment, let’s focus on the house’s own condition. Mainly including floor, unit type, orientation, lighting, ventilation, etc.

Floor

There are many factors to consider when choosing a floor when buying a house. The first is family members. If there are elderly people, children, or people with cardiovascular disease, frequent asthma, or dizziness, Don’t choose the floor too high. Secondly, we must consider the total number of floors. Different total number of floors will lead to different optimal choices. The current floor classifications include low-rise (1 to 3 floors), multi-storey (4 to 6), small high-rise (7 to 11 floors), high-rise (more than 11 floors), and super high-rise (gt; 100 meters). For ordinary five or six For a two-story building without an elevator, the first and second floors have problems such as moisture, loud noise, and lack of privacy. There is no elevator on the fifth and sixth floors, so you have to climb the stairs and face problems such as leakage and overheating, so the third and fourth floors are the most ideal.

For high-rise buildings, the top floor is generally the most expensive. The top floor is cold in winter and hot in summer. The other floors are similar. Of course, the choice of floor should take into account light, noise, dust and personal needs. Here are some floor references:

15 high-rise residential buildings: 5-7 floors.

18 High-rise residential buildings: 6-7 floors.

22 High-rise residential buildings: 5-7 floors. Floors 14-17.

26 High-rise residential buildings: 6-7 floors. 15-20 floors.

30 high-rise residential buildings: 6-7 floors. Floors 15-24.

34 High-rise residential buildings: 15-25 floors.

House type

Getting the house plan does not end with just looking at the size and quantity. Choosing a bad house type will also be a torture in future life. In order to understand the floor plan, you should understand the basic knowledge about the floor plan in advance. Bay refers to the width of a room. According to the "Coordinated Standards for Modules of Residential Buildings", the range of bays is between 2.1m and 4.2m. Depth refers to the length of the room, which is generally controlled at about 5 meters. Popularly understood, the width of the wall with windows that can provide lighting corresponds to the opening, so in theory, the larger the opening, the better the lighting; the length perpendicular to the lighting surface is the depth. If the depth is too deep, it will not be conducive to lighting and ventilation. . Detailed data on the two indicators of depth and bay will be marked on the general house plan. Generally speaking, the ratio of depth to bay is 1 to 1.5 which is more reasonable.

A good house layout should be square, fully bright, and transparent from north to south. The square shape of the house means that the shape of each room and functional area is a square rectangle, preferably without bevels. This means that there will be no problem of wasted space, improving the overall utilization rate and maximizing the actual living environment. Stay away from triangular, gun-shaped, and various irregular or long and narrow house types. (For specific house type analysis, please click the link at the end of the article)

Full brightness means that the house type has no dark rooms and has windows for lighting and ventilation. In addition to lighting and ventilation being issues, a dark room also needs light even if it is entered during the day, so a good apartment layout should be fully bright.

North-south transparency means that there are windows running through the north and south of the living room, which can ensure air convection without obstacles and provide better lighting and ventilation. Generally speaking, north-south transparency is better than east-west transparency and should be avoided as much as possible. There are windows on two adjacent sides and there are windows on only one side. Whether there are windows in the kitchen and bathroom is also very important. A good house type is one with a clear kitchen and clear bathroom.

In addition, the functional divisions must be clear and the area ratio must be reasonable. Generally, there are three scientific divisions:

1. Public activity area: living room, dining room, etc.

2. Private rest area: bedroom, study, etc.

　3. Assisted living area: kitchen, bathroom, etc.

When judging the area ratio of each room, you cannot completely rely on the floor plan, because the furniture in some floor plans will be smaller than the actual proportion, which makes people confused. There is an illusion of large space, so we should pay attention to the size of each house. Generally speaking, the living room area is 21-30㎡, the bedroom area is about 12-15㎡, the kitchen area is 4-5㎡, and the bathroom area is 4-5㎡. It's more reasonable. If a certain space is too large, it will lead to a reduction in the area of ​​other rooms. So when looking at a house, don't just listen to the introducer's explanation of the large area of ​​a certain room, but look at the area ratio of each room.

Orientation

Orientation generally refers to the place with the largest lighting surface. A good orientation can make the house warm in winter and cool in summer. How to judge and choose the orientation? When choosing an orientation, the main considerations are ventilation, lighting and indoor temperature. Generally speaking, the best orientation for a house is due south, followed by southeast, south, southwest, east, north, and west. But it is not absolute. It depends on lighting, ventilation and moisture. It is enough for the room to receive 2-3 hours of sunlight a day. The optimal orientation varies from place to place. The range of 15° south to 30° south and east is a suitable house orientation.

As far as the interior of the room is concerned, the orientation of the living room and bedroom is the most important. The living room facing south is ideal, with enough sunshine in winter and ventilation and coolness in summer.

The best orientation for a bedroom is also south, followed by southeast, east, and northeast. It is best not to choose a west-facing bedroom, and it is best not to lean against an exterior wall, because it is easy to cause excessive sunlight exposure in summer and excessive indoor temperature. Bathrooms are generally damp and dark, so good lighting and ventilation should be maintained, and west-facing bathrooms should be avoided as much as possible. Since the kitchen needs to exchange air with the outside world and exhaust oil fumes to the outside, it is best not to choose a north direction, as it is easy for the north wind to blow oil fumes back.

Lighting

Lighting is affected by many factors, there are four main factors: orientation, distance between buildings, number of floors, depth and width (bay). I just mentioned that south-facing houses have better lighting. Generally speaking, when it is difficult to judge the orientation of the overall house, the main reference is the orientation of the living room and master bedroom. This is the main activity area and the main lighting surface of the house. This is even If the room faces south, then the overall lighting will be better.

The distance between buildings generally refers to the front-to-back and left-to-right distance between two buildings, which has a great impact on lighting. If the buildings are too close, there will be a problem of insufficient lighting even if they face south. Regarding the standards for the distance between buildings, the country has specific requirements:

The distance between the front and back of the house: For ordinary residential buildings, the height of the building can be used : Building spacing = 1:1.2 ratio calculation. According to national regulations (design specifications), the winter solstice sunshine time is not less than 1 hour (the bottom window of the house) as the standard. The spacing is the height from the building's outdoor flat to the house's cornice/tan(a) a-the sun's altitude angle at noon on the winter solstice.

The distance between the left and right houses: the distance between multi-storey (4-6 floors and below) and multi-storey buildings is 6 meters, the distance between multi-storey and high-rise buildings (12 floors and above) is 9 meters, and the distance between high-rise buildings and high-rise buildings is 9 meters. 13 meters.

The number of floors will also affect lighting. When the distance between buildings is determined, the higher the floor, the less blocked parts and the longer the day's sunshine. However, if the floor is too high, it will also face summer problems. Heat caused by severe sun exposure.

The width refers to the distance between the east and west walls of a house or a bedroom, that is, the side with lighting; and the depth refers to the distance between the north and south walls of a house or a bedroom, that is, the side without lighting. side. The surface width to depth ratio is the ratio between the two. Surface width and depth are a proportional relationship, and a balance needs to be maintained between the two. The golden ratio is 4:6. Generally speaking, the larger the width and the smaller the depth, the better the lighting conditions of the house. On the contrary, the lighting conditions will be poor. The following are some common proportions for reference, but it still depends on the specific layout:

The depth of the living room is more than 5 meters, and the width is 3.2 to 4.5 meters;

The depth of the bedroom is 3 to 5 meters, and the width is 3 to 5 meters. 3~3.9 meters;

The depth of the studio and study room should not be too large, and the width of the surface should be 2~3.6 meters;

The depth of the kitchen and bathroom should not be too large, and the width of the surface should be 2~3.6 meters.

Ventilation

When buying a house, indoor air circulation is also very important. In fact, ventilation has a lot to do with lighting. It is also affected by the distance between the facing buildings, the unit type, the width and depth, and the height of the floors. and other effects.

South-facing houses have the best ventilation effect, followed by southeast-facing ones. In terms of building spacing, try to choose a residence with no tall buildings blocking the windward side. At the same time, you should avoid having two tall buildings side by side in front of the house, because it may produce "high-speed alley wind", which is very detrimental to ventilation and comfort.

Transparency from north to south and from east to west can easily lead to air convection. Like lighting, a house with a wider surface and a smaller depth also has better ventilation capabilities.

Generally speaking, the higher the floor, the better the ventilation effect. Considering that the 9th to 12th floors are what some people consider to be the "ash layer", and the 1st to 4th floors may be blocked by trees, generally speaking, 5- Floors above 7 or 12 are better than other floors. For multiple floors, ventilation is better at the top. Although the floors are high and have good ventilation, you should also pay attention to windy weather. Windy weather may actually cause problems.

In addition, there are many things to pay attention to, such as the location and arrangement of the buildings. If the community has both board houses and towers, then the south side board buildings or single-unit buildings , Arranging slab buildings on the north side is conducive to ventilation, and communities with staggered buildings have better ventilation effects. The building structure will also affect ventilation. A house with two households on one staircase will definitely have better ventilation than a house with multiple houses on one staircase. The ventilation level of an intermediate house with multiple houses on one staircase will be worse. Therefore, if home buyers want to choose a house with good ventilation, they should try to choose side covers. At the same time, try to ensure that there are no more than four households on one floor.

Finally, the size of the windows also affects the ventilation effect. Having windows does not mean good ventilation, so when looking at a house, you can open all the windows to see how big they can be opened and feel the ventilation effect at the same time.

3. Other considerations

In addition to the main aspects mentioned above, some small details are also crucial when buying a house and cannot be ignored. For example: when looking at a house, you should pay attention to whether there are cracks in the walls, corners, ceilings, etc. of the house, whether there are leaks or water seepage, etc. The corners are where the structural strength of the upper, lower, left, and right components are received. The quality of the house can also be seen from the corners. Therefore, it is also necessary to visit the house (check the lighting) on ​​rainy days or at night. The quality and response sensitivity of the elevator should also be paid attention to. Be sure to pay attention to the distribution and availability of sockets in the room, because replacing and adding sockets is troublesome, time-consuming and labor-intensive. Of course, it is worth mentioning that if you are looking at a second-hand house, and the house is very good in all aspects, and the important thing is that the price is very low, then you have to consider whether the house is a haunted house or has bad feng shui...

Not only a house that meets every criterion mentioned above is a good house, because there is no perfect house. Everyone has their own needs for buying a house, and their priorities are also different. You can choose according to your own specific situation. , choose the aspects that you focus on, and remember that there is no best, only the most suitable.