How to raise tilapia in high temperature season

1. Pond Breeding

1. Pond Conditions

The breeding site should be sheltered from wind and sunny, with sufficient water source, fresh water quality, no pollution, quiet and convenient transportation In this place, the pond area is 3 to 5 acres, the water depth is 1.5 to 2 meters, and the pond bottom mud thickness is 20 to 30 centimeters. Each pond is equipped with a 1.5 kW impeller aerator.

2. Clear the pond and fertilize

Before stocking fish species, the pond must be cleared and disinfected. Generally in early to mid-April, 75kg to 100kg of quicklime per acre is used to clear the pond. After 7 days, water is added to a depth of 1 meter, and then 300kg to 400kg of decomposed manure is applied per acre. A small amount of green or red duckweed can be added. .

3. Stocking fish fingerlings

Every spring, when the water temperature rises and stabilizes above 15°C, winter seedlings are stocked. Ponds are generally stocked with 1,500 to 3,000 fish species per acre, and 40 to 70 silver carp and bighead carp species are mixed at the same time to control water quality; when mixed with other fish, 200 to 500 fish per acre can be stocked.

4. Feeding

Tilapia can be fed 2 to 3 days after it enters the breeding water surface. Tilapia has a wide range of feeding habits. Under artificial breeding conditions, it can be fed with various feeds, such as wheat, corn, cake meal, etc., which are all high-quality feeds. The protein content in the feed should initially be 32% to 35%, and the daily feeding amount should be 3% to 5% of the total weight of the fish. When the individual size reaches about 200 grams, the feeding amount can be adjusted to 2% of the total weight of the fish, and the protein content in the feed should be ensured at 27% to 29%. When the individual reaches about 300 grams, tilapia enters its fastest growth period. The daily feeding amount is maintained at 1% to 2% of the fish's body weight, and the protein content in the feed is above 35%. Feed twice a day, at 8 to 9 am and 3 to 4 pm.

5. Daily management: Pay attention to patrolling the pond day and night.

(1) Measure the water temperature and air temperature every morning, noon and evening, measure the pH value once a week and measure the transparency twice. Patrol the pond once in the morning and once in the evening.

(2) After the fish species are placed in the pond, the pond water should be kept dark brown with a transparency of 25 cm to 30 cm. Generally, fertilizer is applied once a week, with 150 kg to 200 kg of livestock manure per mu each time. When the weather is fine and the water transparency is greater than 30 cm, the amount of fertilizer can be appropriately increased; when the water quality is too high, fertilization should be reduced or stopped and new water should be injected. In the high temperature season, the water is usually changed once or twice a week, and 20% to 30% of the pool water is changed each time.

(3) Adhere to healthy breeding, operate according to regulations, and prevent fish diseases. Before placing the seedlings in the pond, soak the fish body with 5% salt water or 0.1 mg per liter of potassium permanganate solution for 10 to 15 minutes. Every 10 to 15 days, 15 to 20 kilograms of limed water per acre is sprinkled throughout the pond to adjust the pH value of the pond water to be slightly alkaline. Biological agents are used to improve the microbial structure of the pond and improve the water quality. Turn on the aerator when the dissolved oxygen is low and the fish have a slight floating head.

2. Rice farming

The growth of fish and rice can lead to a double harvest. When raising tilapia in rice fields, attention should be paid to scientific breeding.

1. Preparation for stocking

After the completion of the rice field field project, 2 weeks before stocking, use 75 kg to 100 kg of quicklichenized water per acre to spray into the fish ditch and fields to disinfect. The next day, rake the ditch and the bottom of the field once to fully mix the lime slurry and silt. One week before the seedlings are released, fermented livestock manure is applied to fertilize the water. The dosage is 200 kilograms per acre to cultivate natural bait in the water.

2. Stocking time

Generally, the rice is stocked about 5 days after transplanting, when the rice seedlings turn green. In some places, in order to increase the growth period of fish, fish fingerlings are put into fish ditches in mid-May to raise them. After the seedlings turn green, the fish ditches are opened and the fish are released into the fields. This is also an effective method.

3. Stocking method

It is advisable to choose fish species with strong physique, strong activity, no injuries and diseases, and neat specifications. The stocking density should be reasonable. Generally, 200 to 300 tilapia species with a size of 5 cm to 6 cm can be stocked per acre, along with 150 to 200 grass carp, carp, etc. The specific stocking amount can be flexibly controlled according to rice field conditions, water quality environment, drainage and irrigation conditions and management level.

4. Stocking operation

The fish species must be disinfected before entering the pond. Generally, the fish body is soaked in 3% to 5% salt water for 5 to 10 minutes. The time to release fish should be in the morning or evening on a sunny day, and avoid releasing fish at noon on a rainy day or a sunny day.

5. Feeding and fertilization

Tilapia cultured in rice fields generally does not feed and relies entirely on natural feed to grow. However, there are limited natural feeds in rice fields. Feeding some suitable feeds can accelerate their growth and increase yields. Feeding is given twice a day, and the amount of feeding can be controlled so that the bait is eaten within 2 hours. There are no special requirements for the application of base fertilizer and farmyard manure in rice fields for fish farming. If you use urea, ammonium sulfate and other top dressings, you should apply small amounts and multiple times to half the field at a time. Do not apply fertilizer directly in the fish ditch.

3. Cage culture

Tilapia can be cultured alone, as the main body or in combination in cages. Fish species should be of large size, and the box size is generally 10 to 50 grams in tail weight. When the dissolved oxygen content is above 3 mg per liter, the stocking density is 3 to 20 kg per cubic meter.

4. Flowing water culture

Tilapia is currently one of the main targets of high-density flowing water farming or "factory" farming. The breeding pond should not be too large. It is generally suitable to grow fish in 30 to 50 square meters. The dissolved oxygen content of the pond water should be maintained at more than 3 mg per liter. Intensive breeding requires feeding nutritionally comprehensive compound feed, and the protein content of the feed should be about 30%. Feed 5 to 6 times a day, and the feeding amount is 2.5% to 3% of the fish body weight.

Several key points in tilapia farming

Among the many tilapia seedlings, the more recognized ones are those produced by cross-breeding between tilapia species. These seedlings are generally recognized by farmers because of their hybrid vigor, such as fast growth, large size, good cold resistance, and high male rate. The main product names are: Oni, Aozha, Tilapia, Unisexual Tilapia, etc. At present, the quality of fry produced by various fry production units varies greatly.

Farmers should select the one with the fastest growth rate and the most male rate from among many varieties