Is there any taboo to throw away old clothes?

Mr. Liu, a 30-year-old, recently took part in a routine examination and reported that there were two plus signs in urine protein. This made Xiao Liu very worried, thinking that he had severe kidney disease. In fact, just an indicator of proteinuria or a test result can not fully explain that the kidney has serious diseases. In the case of Mr. Liu, you should have a rest at this time, eat light meals, be careful not to do too much exercise, and go to the hospital later to investigate the specific reasons for the increase in urine protein.

Proteinuria is indeed an important index to evaluate renal function. Our glomerulus is like a powerful sieve. We screen out the waste in the blood every day and leave the good part to the body. Protein in urine is mostly beneficial. Only when renal function is impaired will a large amount of protein leak into urine.

There are two methods to monitor urine protein: quantitative and qualitative. Teacher Liu's report adds two plus signs in this way, which is the performance of quantitative method. This method is generally not easy to accurately express the degree of renal function damage, especially prone to false positive, so it can only be used as a general hint.

Protein in our blood is maintained by glomerular filtration and reabsorption. This is that the urine of normal people only contains a trace of protein, and the cumulative amount within 24 hours should be less than 150mg. More than 150 mg was diagnosed as proteinuria. More than 3.5 grams is called massive proteinuria.

We can convert it roughly like this. Adding urine protein is equivalent to 0.2- 1.0 g. Two plus urine proteins are equivalent to 1.0-2.0 g. The three plus signs of urinary protein are equivalent to 2.0-4.0 grams. Four plus signs are equivalent to more than 4.0 grams. In this way, Xiao Liu's two urinary proteins are already very moderate.

Generally speaking, urine protein less than 2.0 is mostly tubular. It is suggested that there may be glomerular lesions when it exceeds 2.0. Quantitative detection of proteinuria over 3.5g may be the manifestation of nephrotic syndrome. If accompanied by obvious edema, hypoproteinemia, hematuria, cast and other abnormal vital signs and indicators, this may be the performance of severe nephropathy.

Proteinuria is often a false positive. Urine is mixed with blood, pus, inflammatory substances, menstrual blood of women and leucorrhea or prostatic fluid of men. If urine is left for a long time, crystals will precipitate, which is easy to be mistaken for protein. Taking some drugs may also lead to false positive proteinuria.

In addition, physiological proteinuria often occurs. Temporary proteinuria may occur due to strenuous exercise, bacterial infection, fever, emotional excitement, posture change, or being in a harsh environment for a long time, but these urine proteins generally do not exceed1.0 g. After a few days, the above factors are eliminated and proteinuria disappears.

Only the false positive of proteinuria or physiological reasons was ruled out, and finally it was diagnosed as pathological proteinuria increase. Many types of nephropathy can cause pathological proteinuria, and the treatment methods are different. Therefore, in the case of Mr. Liu, it is very important to go back to the hospital immediately after a period of maintenance.